CAMPHECHLOR

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

STCC NUMBER

4941190 - Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene)
4941189 - Toxaphene, other than liquid
4941188 - Toxaphene, liquid

MOLECULAR FORMULA

C10-H10-Cl8

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

151-SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)

SYNONYM REFERENCE

(Budavari, 1996; HSDB , 1999; Lewis, 1997; Lewis, 1996; RTECS , 1999)

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

The US Environmental Protection Agency has canceled registration of all formulations of campheclor. It is permissible to utilize existing stocks for pineapples in Puerto Rico, bananas in the Virgin Islands, cattle dip, and emergency use on corn, cotton, and small grains (Clayton & Clayton, 1994).
Campheclor was used primarily as an insecticide on cotton and other crops. It is also utilized as a control against livestock pests (Budavari, 1996) Howard, 1991).
Prior to its present status as a Restricted Use Pesticide (RUP), campheclor was used as a piscicide (fish toxicant) in lakes (Howard, 1991).

FORMS

Campheclor is a mixture of at least 670 chlorinated camphenes (Hathaway et al, 1996). The compound is composed of 67-69 percent chlorine (Budavari, 1996; Lewis, 1997).
Campheclor is a mixture of at least 177 C10 polychloro derivatives produced by the chlorination of camphene. The compounds comprising campheclor contain 6-10 chlorine atoms each (Budavari, 1996).
Campheclor was historically available as an emulsifiable concentrate, dustable powder, wettable powder, or oil solution (HSDB , 1999).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

Camphechlor may be irritating to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. Signs and symptoms of exposure may include salivation, nausea, vomiting, asthenia, vertigo, allergic dermatitis, red skin, muscle cramps or spasms, headache, agitation, CNS depression, unconsciousness, tremors, seizures, respiratory tract irritation, bronchopneumonia, pulmonary edema, respiratory failure, and allergic dermatitis.

Liver and kidney injury have been noted in experimental animals.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin.
Avoid any skin contact.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

Camphechlor can be LETHAL following inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact (Sax & Lewis, 1989), even though it is not efficiently absorbed through intact skin (Morgan, 1989). Skin absorption is enhanced by oils, and liquid formulations are absorbed more rapidly than dusts or wettable powders (Sax & Lewis, 1989). It can also be systemically absorbed through the eye (Sittig, 1985). It is a moderate skin irritant, as determined by the Standard Draize Test in experimental animals (RTECS, 1993).

Camphechlor is a respiratory depressant (CHRIS, 1993). Cyanosis may precede convulsions with camphechlor exposure (EPA, 1985). Tonic-clonic convulsions are characteristic of acute camphechlor overexposure (Wells & Milhorn, 1983). Tetanic contractions of all skeletal muscles have occurred with camphechlor poisoning (Clayton & Clayton, 1981; (EPA, 1985). Sometimes nausea or vomiting does not occur prior to onset of convulsions (McGee et al, 1952; Wells & Milhorn, 1983). Nausea and vomiting may be more likely if the product formulation includes petroleum distillate solvents (Grant, 1986).

Hypersalivation has been seen in camphechlor poisoning (EPA, 1985), and with other chlorocyclodienes (Shemesh et al, 1988; Runhaar et al, 1985). Dyspnea can occur suddenly upon exertion (EPA, 1985). Pulmonary edema has occurred in fatal camphechlor poisonings (Clayton & Clayton, 1981). Death from camphechlor overdose is usually from respiratory failure (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

Organochlorine insecticides interfere with the flux of cations across the nerve cell membranes and increase their excitability (Morgan, 1989). Onset of symptoms is generally with one-half to three hours after acute exposure (Proctor et al, 1988). Convulsions may appear as an early sign, in the absence of the above symptoms, with the cyclodienes such as camphechlor (Morgan, 1989). In some cases of exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides, convulsions have been so intense that compression fractures of the vertebrae have occurred (Stranger & Kerridge, 1968).

Acute exposures can produce recurring convulsions over several days with the more slowly metabolized compounds. Other neurological effects such as malaise, anorexia, confusion, agitation, excitement, tremor, incoordination, delirium, CNS depression, and coma, may be present (Baselt, 1988; (EPA, 1988; EPA, 1985) Garrettson et al, 1984-85). Two cases of "allergic bronchopneumonia" were seen after large exposures (Warraki, 1963).

Amnesia may ensue from nonfatal acute camphechlor exposure (Dreisbach, 1983; Wells & Milhorn, 1983).

Aplastic anemia, indicating generalized failure of the blood-forming components, developed in two persons exposed to mixtures of camphechlor and LINDANE, another chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide. Camphechlor can induce hepatic microsomal enzymes (Wells & Milhorn, 1983).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Camphechlor persists in the environment for long periods of time, and its residues have been detected in the general population, even though it has been banned since 1982 (Saleh, 1991).

Camphechlor can cause allergic contact dermatitis (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

No cases of true chronic toxicity from camphechlor have been reported in humans (Proctor et al, 1988). No adverse effects were apparent in a group of 137 employees occupationally exposed to camphechlor for an average of 3.7 years (ACGIH, 1986). Abnormalities in heme biosynthesis did not occur in persons occupationally exposed to camphechlor (Embry et al, 1972).

Renal insufficiency requiring weekly dialysis developed in a farmer who had been repeatedly exposed to camphechlor and other pesticides. Renal effects could not be attributed to camphechlor alone, because of mixed exposures (Beat, 1970). Camphechlor has been reported to cause degenerative changes in the renal tubules in experimental animals receiving large chronic oral doses (Clayton & Clayton, 1981; (Chu et al, 1986).

Immunosuppression, measured by inhibition of IgG formation, occurred in mice fed camphechlor at doses of 100 and 200 ppm for 8 weeks (Allen, 1983).

Camphechlor accumulated in the brain, but not in the fat stores, of dogs given camphechlor for up to 106 days (Lackey, 1949). Camphechlor has been reported to cause liver damage in experimental animals (Clayton & Clayton, 1981; (Chu et al, 1986; Sax & Lewis, 1989).

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance;give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

FIRST AID

EYE EXPOSURE - Immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.
DERMAL EXPOSURE - Promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly.
INHALATION EXPOSURE - Move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.
ORAL EXPOSURE - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.
TARGET ORGANS - CNS and skin [in animals: liver cancer] (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007).

GENERAL -

Move victims of inhalation exposure from the toxic environment and administer 100% humidified supplemental oxygen with assisted ventilation as required. Exposed skin and eyes should be copiously flushed with water. Because of the potential for rapid onset of CNS depression or seizures with possible aspiration of gastric contents, EMESIS SHOULD NOT BE INDUCED. Cautious gastric lavage followed by administration of activated charcoal may be of benefit if the patient is seen soon after the exposure.

INHALATION EXPOSURE-

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.
If bronchospasm and wheezing occur, consider treatment with inhaled sympathomimetic agents.
ACUTE LUNG INJURY: Maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial blood gases and/or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.
SEIZURES: Administer a benzodiazepine; DIAZEPAM (ADULT: 5 to 10 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 20 minutes as needed. CHILD: 0.1 to 0.5 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes; up to a maximum of 10 mg/dose. May repeat dose every 5 to 10 minutes as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT: 2 to 4 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed, if seizures persist. CHILD: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes, up to a maximum of 4 mg/dose; may repeat in 5 to 15 minutes as needed, if seizures continue).

Consider phenobarbital or propofol if seizures recur after diazepam 30 mg (adults) or 10 mg (children greater than 5 years).
Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory depression, and need for endotracheal intubation. Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances, and hypoxia.

DERMAL EXPOSURE-

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).
Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical therapy. Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity reactions may require treatment with systemic or topical corticosteroids or antihistamines.
Treatment should include recommendations listed in the INHALATION EXPOSURE section when appropriate.

EYE EXPOSURE-

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE-

Because of the potential for gastrointestinal tract irritation or CNS depression, DO NOT induce emesis.
Significant esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns may occur following ingestion. The possible benefit of early removal of some ingested material by cautious gastric lavage must be weighed against potential complications of bleeding or perforation.
GASTRIC LAVAGE: Consider after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). Protect airway by placement in the head down left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal intubation. Control any seizures first.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Loss of airway protective reflexes or decreased level of consciousness in unintubated patients; following ingestion of corrosives; hydrocarbons (high aspiration potential); patients at risk of hemorrhage or gastrointestinal perforation; and trivial or non-toxic ingestion.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12 years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.
Observe patients with ingestion carefully for the possible development of esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns. If signs or symptoms of esophageal irritation or burns are present, consider endoscopy to determine the extent of injury.
SEIZURES: Administer a benzodiazepine; DIAZEPAM (ADULT: 5 to 10 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 20 minutes as needed. CHILD: 0.1 to 0.5 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes; up to a maximum of 10 mg/dose. May repeat dose every 5 to 10 minutes as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT: 2 to 4 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed, if seizures persist. CHILD: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes, up to a maximum of 4 mg/dose; may repeat in 5 to 15 minutes as needed, if seizures continue).

Consider phenobarbital or propofol if seizures recur after diazepam 30 mg (adults) or 10 mg (children greater than 5 years).
Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory depression, and need for endotracheal intubation. Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances, and hypoxia.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

2 to 7 grams is the estimated lethal ingestion dose for humans (Hathaway et al, 1996; Lewis, 1996).

CARCINOGENICITY - Camphechlor is a confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic data. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), there is Human Limited Evidence and Animal Sufficient Evidence to term camphechlor carcinogenic (Lewis, 1996). In experimental animals, camphechlor is carcinogenic (Hathaway et al, 1996).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

Toxic doses of organochlorine compounds vary enormously with route and rate of absorption. Based on reports of poisonings and laboratory studies, camphechlor would be considered in the group of HIGHEST toxicity.

CASE REPORTS

In one controlled study, 25 human volunteers were exposed to 500 mg/m(3) for 30 minutes for 10 days, and no adverse effects were evident (Hathaway et al, 1996).
A dose of 10 mg/kg may cause convulsions in some persons, but not in others (ACGIH, 1991).

ANIMAL DATA

The no-effect oral dose in subchronic studies was 0.2 gm/kg for dogs and 4.0 ppm (0.35 mg/kg) for rats (Chu et al, 1986).
Monkeys tolerated a dietary dose of 10 ppm with no apparent effects (ACGIH, 1986).
Guinea pigs and rats tolerated a dietary dose of 800 ppm for 6 months with no apparent effects (ACGIH, 1986). Some rats had minor changes in the liver when fed 50 ppm for 6 to 9 months (Clayton & Clayton, 1981).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS8001-35-2 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): A3 ; Listed as: Chlorinated camphene

A3 :Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans: The agent is carcinogenic in experimental animals at a relatively high dose, by route(s) of administration, at site(s), of histologic type(s), or by mechanism(s) that may not be relevant to worker exposure. Available epidemiologic studies do not confirm an increased risk of cancer in exposed humans. Available evidence does not suggest that the agent is likely to cause cancer in humans except under uncommon or unlikely routes or levels of exposure.

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): B2 ; Listed as: Toxaphene

B2 : Probable human carcinogen - based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in animals.

IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): 2B ; Listed as: Toxaphene (Polychlorinated camphenes)

2B : The agent (mixture) is possibly carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are possibly carcinogenic to humans. This category is used for agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances for which there is limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans and less than sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. It may also be used when there is inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans but there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals. In some instances, an agent, mixture or exposure circumstance for which there is inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in humans but limited evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals together with supporting evidence from other relevant data may be placed in this group.

NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Ca ; Listed as: Chlorinated camphene

Ca : NIOSH considers this substance to be a potential occupational carcinogen (See Appendix A in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards).

MAK (DFG, 2002): Category 2 ; Listed as: Chlorinated camphene

Category 2 : Substances that are considered to be carcinogenic for man because sufficient data from long-term animal studies or limited evidence from animal studies substantiated by evidence from epidemiological studies indicate that they can make a significant contribution to cancer risk. Limited data from animal studies can be supported by evidence that the substance causes cancer by a mode of action that is relevant to man and by results of in vitro tests and short-term animal studies.

NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): R ; Listed as: Toxaphene

R : RAHC = Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Oral:

Slope Factor: 1.1per mg/kg-day
RfD:

Inhalation:

Unit Risk: 3.2x10(-1) per mg/m3
RfC:

Drinking Water:

Unit Risk: 3.2x10(-2) per mg/L

TOXICITY VALUES

References: Budavari, 1996 Clayton & Clayton, 1994 ITI, 1995 Lewis, 1996 RTECS, 1999
- LCLo- (INHALATION)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)DOG:
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (ORAL)HAMSTER:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (SKIN)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LD50- (SKIN)RAT:
- LDLo- (ORAL)HUMAN:
- LDLo- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LDLo- (ORAL)PRIMATE:
- LDLo- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- TD- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- TDLo- (SKIN)HUMAN:
- TDLo- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- TDLo- (ORAL)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS8001-35-2 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

Chlorinated camphene

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 0.5 mg/m(3)
TLV-STEL: 1 mg/m(3)
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: A3
Codes: Skin
Definitions:

A3: Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans: The agent is carcinogenic in experimental animals at a relatively high dose, by route(s) of administration, at site(s), of histologic type(s), or by mechanism(s) that may not be relevant to worker exposure. Available epidemiologic studies do not confirm an increased risk of cancer in exposed humans. Available evidence does not suggest that the agent is likely to cause cancer in humans except under uncommon or unlikely routes or levels of exposure.
Skin: This refers to the potential significant contribution to the overall exposure by the cutaneous route, including mucous membranes and the eyes, either by contact with vapors or, of likely greater significance, by direct skin contact with the substance. It should be noted that although some materials are capable of causing irritation, dermatitis, and sensitization in workers, these properties are not considered relevant when assigning a skin notation. Rather, data from acute dermal studies and repeated dose dermal studies in animals or humans, along with the ability of the chemical to be absorbed, are integrated in the decision-making toward assignment of the skin designation. Use of the skin designation provides an alert that air sampling would not be sufficient by itself in quantifying exposure from the substance and that measures to prevent significant cutaneous absorption may be warranted. Please see "Definitions and Notations" (in TLV booklet) for full definition.

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s): CNS convul; liver dam
Molecular Weight: 414

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS8001-35-2 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS8001-35-2 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Listed as: Chlorinated camphene
REL:

TWA:
STEL:
Ceiling:
Carcinogen Listing: (Ca) NIOSH considers this substance to be a potential occupational carcinogen (See Appendix A in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards).
Skin Designation: [skin]

Indicates the potential for dermal absorption; skin exposure should be prevented as necessary through the use of good work practices and gloves, coveralls, goggles, and other appropriate equipment.

Note(s): See Appendix A

IDLH:

IDLH: 200 mg/m3
Note(s): Ca

Ca: NIOSH considers this substance to be a potential occupational carcinogen (See Appendix A).

OSHA PEL Values for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Listed as: Chlorinated camphene
Table Z-1 for Chlorinated camphene:

8-hour TWA:

ppm:

Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25 degrees C and 760 torr.

mg/m3: 0.5

Milligrams of substances per cubic meter of air. When entry is in this column only, the value is exact; when listed with a ppm entry, it is approximate.

Ceiling Value:
Skin Designation: Yes
Notation(s): Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Toxaphene (D015)
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

1 (0.454)

Additional Information: Unlisted Hazardous Wastes Characteristic of Toxicity
Listed as: Toxaphene
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

1 (0.454)

Additional Information:
Listed as: Chlorinated camphene
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

1 (0.454)

Additional Information:

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Listed as: Toxaphene
P or U series number: P123
Footnote:
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Camphechlor
Reportable Quantity, in pounds: 1

Only the statutory or final RQ is shown. For more information, see 40 CFR table 302.4.

Threshold Planning Quantity, in pounds:

500/10,000
Amount necessary to be covered by this standard. See 40 CFR 355.30.

Note(s): Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS8001-35-2 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Listed as: Toxaphene
Effective Date for Reporting Under 40 CFR 372.30:
Lower Thresholds for Chemicals of Special Concern under 40 CFR 372.28: 10

See 40 CFR 372.28: Lower thresholds for chemicals of special concern

Listed as: Toxaphene
Effective Date for Reporting Under 40 CFR 372.30: 1/1/87
Lower Thresholds for Chemicals of Special Concern under 40 CFR 372.28:

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS8001-35-2 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Listed as Camphechlor
Severe Marine Pollutant: Yes

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS8001-35-2 (EPA, 2005):

Not Listed

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS8001-35-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

HANDLING

When working with campheclor, all precautions for handling carcinogens should be observed (HSDB , 1999).

STORAGE

CONTAINER

Campheclor should be stored in sealed containers (Sittig, 1991).
Campheclor is relatively stable when stored in glass, polyolefin, or polyolefin-lined metal containers (HSDB , 1999).

ROOM/CABINET RECOMMENDATIONS

Sealed containers of campheclor should be kept in well-ventilated areas (Sittig, 1991).

INCOMPATIBILITIES

Dechlorination occurs when campheclor is exposed to sunlight, temperatures above 155 degrees C, or when in the presence of alkalis or leads (Budavari, 1996; ITI, 1995).
Campheclor is incompatible with strong oxidizers (Sittig, 1991). Under moist conditions, this compound is also slightly corrosive to metals (NIOSH , 1999).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

Safety goggles, a dust-proof mask, rubber gloves, an apron, and full-protective coveralls should be worn when working with this compound (ITI, 1995).

Appropriate clothing should be worn to prevent skin contact with campheclor. If contact should occur, wash immediately. Clothing should be changed daily if possibly contaminated with solid campheclor, and workers should wash at the end of each shift. If contamination with the solid or liquid form of this compound knowingly occurs, clothing should be removed immediately. Emergency showers should be provided for workers exposed to this compound (NIOSH , 1999; Sittig, 1991).

Full protective clothing must be worn at all times, including "neoprene-coated gloves, rubber workshoes or overshoes, latex rubber apron, goggles to protect eyes, respirator or mask approved for toxic dust and organic vapors, overalls or rubber suit." (HSDB , 1999)

"Workers who mix, load, transfer, or otherwise handle campheclor products must wear hats, impermeable gloves, rubber or synthetic boots or boot covers, long-sleeved shirts and long pants. Full-face respirators are recommended: half-face respirators are required. Instead of wearing protective clothing workers may use closed system methods of mixing, loading, and transferring; mixers and loaders are encouraged to wear waterproof gloves." (HSDB , 1999)

EYE/FACE PROTECTION

Eye protection should be worn to prevent eye contact with campheclor. In areas where workers may be exposed to this compound, eyewash fountains should be provided (NIOSH , 1999; Sittig, 1991).

Contact lenses should not be worn by individuals working with campheclor (NIOSH , 1999).

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 8001-35-2.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Runoff may pollute waterways.
Campheclor is a noncombustible solid (NIOSH , 1999).
This compound may be dissolved in flammable liquids (NIOSH , 1999).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS8001-35-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS8001-35-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

Foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide should be used for fire control, as water may be ineffective (HSDB , 1999; Sittig, 1991).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

When heated, containers of campheclor may explode (HSDB , 1999).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

This compound emits toxic fumes of chlorine when heated to decomposition (Lewis, 1996).

The release of toxic gases and vapors is possible in fires involving campheclor (HSDB , 1999).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Campheclor is dechlorinated when exposed to sunlight, temperatures above 155 degrees C, or when in the presence of alkalis or leads (Budavari, 1996; ITI, 1995).

Campheclor is incompatible with strong oxidizers (Sittig, 1991). Fires and explosions may result from contact with strong oxidizing agents (HSDB , 1999; Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

This compound is mildly corrosive to metals under moist conditions (NIOSH , 1999; Pohanish & Greene, 1997). Campheclor is corrosive to iron (Budavari, 1996).

If allowed to contact aluminum or iron above 70 degrees C, emulsifiable concentrates of campheclor in xylene can decompose, liberating much heat (HSDB , 1999).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 25 to 50 meters (80 to 160 feet) in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS8001-35-2 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS8001-35-2 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Toxaphene (Chlorinated camphene)
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 0.5
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 1
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 20
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 200
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS8001-35-2 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS8001-35-2 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

IDLH: 200 mg/m3
Note(s): Ca

(Ca) NIOSH considers this substance to be a potential occupational carcinogen (See Appendix A).

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
- Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
- DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

Paper towels are recommended for absorbing small spills. Used towels should be placed in a hood until evaporation is complete and then disposed of through incineration (ITI, 1995).
The spill should be dissolved in a combustible solvent. A furnace equipped with an afterburner and an alkali scrubber is recommended for the incineration of the flammable solvent mixture (ITI, 1995; Sittig, 1991).

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

LAND SPILL (Sittig, 1991)
- Dig a holding area for containment of the spilled material.
- To prevent rain or fire-fighting water from dissolving the spill, solids should be covered with a plastic sheet.
WATER SPILL (Sittig, 1991)
- If campheclor is dissolved at concentrations of 10 ppm or greater, apply activated carbon at ten times the amount spilled.
- Use suction hoses to remove trapped material.
- Mechanical dredges or lifts can be used for the removal of immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

The release of campheclor into the environment results primarily from its use as an insecticide. Campheclor does not occur naturally in the environment (Howard, 1991).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

Campheclor in its vapor phase will react with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals in the atmosphere; the half-life for this reaction is estimated to be 4 to 5 days. Degradation of campheclor in the atmosphere is unlikely to occur through direct photolysis (Howard, 1991).
When adsorbed to particulate matter, campheclor can be transported long distances (1200 km) in the air (Howard, 1991).

WATER

SURFACE WATER
- Campheclor will not significantly biodegrade or appreciably hydrolyze or photolyze in water. This compound will strongly sorb to sediments and will bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms (Howard, 1991).
- According to field studies, detoxification of campheclor occurs rapidly in shallow bodies of water and very slowly in deep bodies of water ((EPA, 1998)).
- The half-life for evaporation from a model river 1 meter deep flowing at 1 m/s is approximately 6 hours (Howard, 1991).

SOIL

TERRESTRIAL
- Campheclor released to soil is very persistent, with half-life values of 1 to 14 years (Howard, 1991).
- Flooded soils or anaerobic conditions may enhance biodegradation (Howard, 1991). Under anaerobic conditions, 3 main components of campheclor were reported to have degraded in soil by nearly 50%; under aerobic conditions, the degradation observed was only 13.6% ((EPA, 1998)).
- It is improbable that campheclor would leach into ground water or be significantly removed by runoff unless adsorbed to clay particles (Howard, 1991).

BIOACCUMULATION

BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR

Bioconcentration Factors (BCFs) (Howard, 1991):
- Algae: 6902
- Fish: 3100-33,300
- Shrimp: 400-1200
- Snails: 9600

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

No information found at the time of this review.

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

413.81

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Campheclor exists as an amber/yellow, waxy solid with a mild pine-, chlorine-, and camphor-like odor (Budavari, 1996; Hathaway et al, 1996; Lewis, 1993; Sittig, 1991).

VAPOR PRESSURE

3x10(-7) mmHg (at 20 degrees C) (Budavari, 1996)

6.69x10(-6) mmHg (at 25 degrees C) (Howard, 1991)

0.4 mmHg (at 77 degrees F) (NIOSH , 1999)

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

SOLID: 1.65 (at 68/39.2 degrees F) (NIOSH , 1999)

TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE NOT LISTED

SOLID: 1.66 (ITI, 1995)

DENSITY

NORMAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

(25 degrees C; 77 degrees F and 760 mmHg)
SOLID: 1.630 g/cm(3) (Budavari, 1996)
SOLID: 1.65 g/cm(3) (HSDB , 1999)

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

SOLID: 1.66 g/cm(3) (at 27 degrees C) (Lewis, 1993)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

FREEZING POINT

149-194 degrees F (NIOSH , 1999)

MELTING POINT

65-90 degrees C (Howard, 1991; (Lewis, 1993; Lewis, 1996; ITI, 1995; Sittig, 1991)

FLASH POINT

29 degrees C (Sittig, 1991)

EXPLOSIVE LIMITS

LOWER

1.1% (Sittig, 1991)

UPPER

6.4% (Sittig, 1991)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

0.0003% (NIOSH , 1999)
3 mg/L (no temperature listed) (Budavari, 1996)
0.55 mg/L (at 20 degrees C) (Howard, 1991)

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Campheclor is soluble in aromatic compounds (ITI, 1995). The compound is very soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons (Lewis, 1996).
This compound is readily soluble in organic solvents, including petroleum oils (HSDB , 1999).
Campheclor is soluble in acetone, alcohol, and hexane (HSDB , 1999).
Solubility in g/100 mL solvent (HSDB , 1999):

benzene: >450
carbon tetrachloride: >450
ethylene dichloride: >450
kerosene: 280
mineral oil: 55-60
xylene: >450

OCTANOL/WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT

log Kow = 4.82 (calculated) (Howard, 1991)

log Kow = 3.3 or -0.4 (HSDB , 1999)

log Kow = 6.44 (Budavari, 1996)

HENRY'S CONSTANT

6.0x10(-6) atm-m(3)/mol (at 20 degrees C) (Howard, 1991)

OTHER/PHYSICAL

ODOR THRESHOLD

In water: 0.14 mg/L ((EPA, 1998))
In water: 0.140 ppm (HSDB , 1999)
2.3660 mg/m(3) (medium not specified) (HSDB , 1999)

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Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents