Due to its bacteriocidal (both gram-negative and gram-positive vegetative forms of animal pathogenic bacteria) and germicidal action, SEPTI-KLEEN is used to disinfect household and bathroom premises, sickroom premises and equipment, swimming pool related premises, garbage containers. PINE-O disinfectant is primarily used in bathroom premises (HSDB , 2001).

Technical grade of chlorophenols may have impurities of chlorinated 2-phenoxyphenols, chlorinated diphenylethers, and chlorinated dibenzofurans (HSDB , 2001).

oxidation of o-chlorocumenes to peroxides, followed by hydration (HSDB , 2001);

reaction of chlorine monoxide with phenol in carbon tetrachloride (yields 22% of 2-chlorophenol) (HSDB , 2001);

chlorination of phenols (Lewis, 1997a);

ring chlorination of phenol using sodium hypochlorite (Ashford, 1994a).

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.

If bronchospasm and wheezing occur, consider treatment with inhaled sympathomimetic agents.

ACUTE LUNG INJURY: Maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial blood gases and/or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.

Carefully observe patients with inhalation exposure for the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).

Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical therapy. Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity reactions may require treatment with systemic or topical corticosteroids or antihistamines.

Some chemicals can produce systemic poisoning by absorption through intact skin. Carefully observe patients with dermal exposure for the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

Because of the potential for gastrointestinal tract irritation and seizures, DO NOT induce emesis.

Dilution may enhance absorption of 2-chlorophenol and should be avoided.

PREHOSPITAL ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ADMINISTRATION

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12 years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.

SEIZURES: Administer a benzodiazepine; DIAZEPAM (ADULT: 5 to 10 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 20 minutes as needed. CHILD: 0.1 to 0.5 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes; up to a maximum of 10 mg/dose. May repeat dose every 5 to 10 minutes as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT: 2 to 4 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed, if seizures persist. CHILD: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes, up to a maximum of 4 mg/dose; may repeat in 5 to 15 minutes as needed, if seizures continue).

HYPOTENSION: Infuse 10 to 20 mL/kg isotonic fluid. If hypotension persists, administer dopamine (5 to 20 mcg/kg/min) or norepinephrine (ADULT: begin infusion at 0.5 to 1 mcg/min; CHILD: begin infusion at 0.1 mcg/kg/min); titrate to desired response.

METHEMOGLOBINEMIA: Determine the methemoglobin concentration and evaluate the patient for clinical effects of methemoglobinemia (ie, dyspnea, headache, fatigue, CNS depression, tachycardia, metabolic acidosis). Treat patients with symptomatic methemoglobinemia with methylene blue (this usually occurs at methemoglobin concentrations above 20% to 30%, but may occur at lower methemoglobin concentrations in patients with anemia, or underlying pulmonary or cardiovascular disorders). Administer oxygen while preparing for methylene blue therapy.

METHYLENE BLUE: INITIAL DOSE/ADULT OR CHILD: 1 mg/kg IV over 5 to 30 minutes; a repeat dose of up to 1 mg/kg may be given 1 hour after the first dose if methemoglobin levels remain greater than 30% or if signs and symptoms persist. NOTE: Methylene blue is available as follows: 50 mg/10 mL (5 mg/mL or 0.5% solution) single-dose ampules and 10 mg/1 mL (1% solution) vials. Additional doses may sometimes be required. Improvement is usually noted shortly after administration if diagnosis is correct. Consider other diagnoses or treatment options if no improvement has been observed after several doses. If intravenous access cannot be established, methylene blue may also be given by intraosseous infusion. Methylene blue should not be given by subcutaneous or intrathecal injection. NEONATES: DOSE: 0.3 to 1 mg/kg.

Concomitant use of methylene blue with serotonergic drugs, including serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), triptans, and ergot alkaloids may increase the risk of potentially fatal serotonin syndrome.

Slope Factor:

RfD: 5x10(-3) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

100 (45.4)

100 (45.4)

100 (45.4)

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN2021

Packing Group: III

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1

Special Provisions: IB3, T4, TP1

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Health Rating (Blue): 2

Flammability Rating (Red): 2

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

(2) Combustible. Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition can occur. Including liquids having a flash point above 100 degrees F, and solids that readily give off flammable vapors.

5: Flammable liquid fires can be extinguished using carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and vaporizing liquid extinguishers, as long as the fires are small to moderate in size and the flammable liquid reservoir is shallow. Use of foam to form a blanket over a flammable liquid is not effective when the liquid is water-soluble. Certain alcohol resistant foams are effective extinguishing agents for polar, non-polar, and water-soluble liquid fires. These foams are preferred for fighting flammable liquid fires except those that involve water reactive flammable liquids.

MEXICO:

ARGENTINA:

BRAZIL:

COLUMBIA:

CANADA:

UNITED STATES:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.

TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.

TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.

TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.