SODIUM SELENATE

It is used as a chemical reagent and an insecticide for certain horticultural applications on nonedible plants (Clayton & Clayton, 1981; Budavari, 1989; Sax & Lewis, 1987; Sax & Lewis, 1989; EPA, 1985).

FORMS

Sodium selenate is a colorless, rhombic crystalline solid, water-soluble selenium salt.
Little is known about the toxicity of sodium selenate. This review is based on the toxicity of SELENIUM. Effects attributed specifically to sodium selenate are identified.
All selenium salts can produce toxicity by ingestion, inhalation, and percutaneous absorption (Proctor et al, 1988; Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988; Clayton & Clayton, 1981; Sax & Lewis, 1989), although specific information on the possible dermal absorption of sodium selenate was not found (EPA, 1985).
Elemental selenium has a relatively low order of toxicity; indeed, selenium is an ESSENTIAL TRACE METAL, and CHRONIC DEFICIENCY can lead to fatal cardiomyopathies (Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988; Baselt & Cravey, 1989).
Sodium selenate can release toxic and irritating fumes of selenium and sodium oxide when heated to decomposition (Sax & Lewis, 1989; EPA, 1985).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

Elemental selenium has a relatively low order of toxicity; selenium is an ESSENTIAL TRACE METAL, and CHRONIC DEFICIENCY can lead to fatal cardiomyopathies. Industrial workers exposed for up to 26 years had a normal death pattern. All selenium salts can produce toxicity by ingestion, inhalation, and percutaneous absorption, although specific information on the possible dermal absorption of sodium selenate was not found.

Chronic selenium poisoning resembles chronic arsenic poisoning. Nausea, vomiting, white streaks of the nails, pallor, upper respiratory irritation, paronychiae, hair loss, skin rashes, irritability, fatigue, hyperreflexia, EKG changes, a garlic odor on the breath, and a metallic taste in the mouth may be noted with chronic selenium exposure.

Screening laboratory values such as complete blood counts and liver and renal function tests are usually within normal limits. Liver and renal lesions have been seen in experimental animals.

Acute poisonings with selenium metal and its salts are rare. SELENITE toxicity may include facial flushing, a lightheaded sensation, and muscle tenderness and tremors.

Inhalation of selenium dusts may cause headache, cough, nasal discharge, upper respiratory tract irritation, epistaxis, and olfactory fatigue. Transient dyspnea has been seen.
Severe eye irritation may be seen with selenium dust exposure.

While chronic occupational selenium exposure has not been reported to result in disabling disease, paralysis and hemiplegia were noted in an endemic outbreak of dietary hyperselenosis in China.

Acute ingestion of 2000 mg of sodium selenate by an adolescent caused a garlic odor of the breath, diarrhea, EKG changes indicating possible anterolateral myocardial damage, elevated liver function tests, muscle aches and pains, and irritability.

Anemia and marked hepatic necrosis, hemorrhage, and cirrhosis were found in experimental animals fed 5 to 15 ppm of selenium chronically in the diet. These effects have not been reported in exposed humans.

Sodium selenate releases toxic and irritating fumes of selenium and sodium oxide when heated to decomposition.

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

Acute ingestion of 2000 mg of sodium selenate by an adolescent caused a garlic odor of the breath, diarrhea, EKG changes indicating possible anterolateral myocardial damage, elevated liver function tests, muscle aches and pains, and irritability (Civil & McDonald, 1978).

Acute poisonings with selenium metal and its salts are rare. SELENITE toxicity may include nausea, vomiting, facial flushing, a lightheaded sensation, and muscle tenderness, tremors, CNS depression, and coma (Diskin et al, 1979; Lombeck et al, 1987; Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988).

Inhalation of selenium dusts can cause headache, cough, nasal discharge, upper respiratory tract irritation, pulmonary edema, epistaxis, and olfactory fatigue (Alderman & Bergin, 1986; Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988; Proctor et al, 1988). Transient dyspnea has been seen (Proctor et al, 1988).

Workers exposed to an undetermined concentration of selenium oxide developed bronchospasm and dyspnea followed within 12 hours by metal fume fever (chills, fever, headache) and bronchitis, leading to pneumonitis. All symptoms resolved within one week (Wilson, 1962).

Severe eye irritation may be seen with selenium dust exposure (Proctor et al, 1988).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Sodium selenate in drinking water at a dose of 0.28 mg/kg/day for 1 year did not increase the mortality of male or female rats. However, the same dose of sodium selenite did increase the mortality of male rats. Therefore, some gender differences exist in rat susceptibility (Schroeder, 1967; Schroeder et al, 1971).

Chronic selenium poisoning resembles chronic arsenic poisoning (Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988; Sax & Lewis, 1989; EPA, 1985). Nausea, vomiting, leukocytosis, white streaks in the nails (Mee's lines), pallor, upper respiratory tract irritation, paronychiae, loss of hair, skin rashes, irritability, fatigue, hyperreflexia, EKG changes, a garlic odor on the breath, and a metallic taste in the mouth may be noted with chronic selenium exposure (Wilson, 1962; Ellenhorn & Barceloux, 1988; Proctor et al, 1988; Clayton & Clayton, 1981; Sax & Lewis, 1989).

While chronic occupational selenium exposure has not been reported to result in disabling disease, paralysis and hemiplegia were noted in an endemic outbreak of dietary hyperselenosis in China (Proctor et al, 1988).

Anemia, marked hepatic necrosis, hemorrhage, and cirrhosis were found in experimental animals fed 5 to 15 ppm of selenium chronically in the diet (Proctor et al, 1988). These effects have not been reported in exposed humans.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

The minimum lethal human dose to this agent has not been delineated.

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE

The insoluble selenium sulfide is less toxic than the highly toxic soluble selenites, selenates, and organic selenium compounds (Henschler & Kirschner, 1969).

CASE REPORTS

An adolescent patient ingested 400 mL of a 5 mg/mL sodium selenate-containing sheep dip preparation (2000 mg; 22.3 mg Se/kg) but survived (Civil & McDonald, 1978).

Three other patients aged 22 months to 18 years ingested up to 5 mL of similar sheep dip (up to 5 mg) and had no ill effects (Civil & McDonald, 1978).

A report by Yang et al (1983) from the Republic of China described a major outbreak of apparent selenium toxicity. The disease was characterized by the loss of hair and nails and skin lesions on the back of the hands and feet, and outer side of the legs.

In regions of China with the most intense exposure, the residents had symptoms of a toxic polyneuritis. Individual daily selenium intake in the area ranged from 3.2 mg to 6.69 mg (average 4.99 mg), and whole blood levels of selenium ranged from 1.33 mcg/mL to 7.5 mcg/mL (average 3.2 mcg/mL) (Yang et al, 1983). An average daily intake of 0.1 milligram of selenium was noted for persons who were unaffected (Proctor et al, 1988).

ANIMAL DATA

Anemia and marked hepatic necrosis, hemorrhage, and cirrhosis were found in experimental animals fed 5 to 15 ppm of selenium chronically in the diet (Proctor et al, 1988).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS13410-01-0 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

References: (RTECS, 1999)
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)CAT:
- LDLo- (INTRAVENOUS)RABBIT:
- LDLo- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LDLo- (INTRAVENOUS)RAT:
- LDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS13410-01-0 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Not Listed

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS13410-01-0 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS13410-01-0 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Sodium Selenate
Reportable Quantity, in pounds: 100

Only the statutory or final RQ is shown. For more information, see 40 CFR table 302.4.

Threshold Planning Quantity, in pounds:

100/10,000
Amount necessary to be covered by this standard. See 40 CFR 355.30.

Note(s): Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS13410-01-0 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS13410-01-0 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS13410-01-0 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Selenic acid, disodium salt

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS13410-01-0 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 13410-01-0.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS13410-01-0 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS13410-01-0 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS13410-01-0 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS13410-01-0 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Sodium selenate (Disodium selenate)
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 0.479
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 1.44
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 2.4
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 2.4
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS13410-01-0 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS13410-01-0 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

188.94 (Budavari, 1996)

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Sodium selenate exists as white crystals (Budavari, 1996).

-REFERENCES

GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

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40 CFR 372.65: Environmental Protection Agency - Toxic Chemical Release Reporting, Community Right-To-Know, Chemicals and Chemical Categories to which this part applies. National Archives and Records Association (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Apr 3, 2006.

49 CFR 172.101 - App. B: Department of Transportation - Table of Hazardous Materials, Appendix B: List of Marine Pollutants. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Aug 29, 2005.

62 FR 58840: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 1997.

65 FR 14186: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

65 FR 39264: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

65 FR 77866: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

66 FR 21940: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2001.

67 FR 7164: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2002.

68 FR 42710: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2003.

69 FR 54144: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2004.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Phorate (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2008q. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648096dcc8&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-12.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Selenium Hexafluoride (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006f. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020ec55&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

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Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents