SODIUM DODECYL BENZENESULFONATE

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

DESIGNATIONS

STANDARD INDUSTRIAL TRADE CLASSIFICATION NUMBER:51549

MOLECULAR FORMULA

C18-H29-NaO3-S (Budavari, 1996) C18-H30-O3-S.Na (HSDB , 2000) C18-H30-S-O3.Na-C18-H29-NaO3-S (CHRIS , 2000)

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

171-SUBSTANCES (LOW TO MODERATE HAZARD)

SYNONYM REFERENCE

(Budavari, 1996; HSDB , 2000; Lewis, 2000; OHM/TADS , 2000; RTECS , 2000)

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is used as an anionic detergent, as an emulsifier (emulsion polymerization, metalworking fluids), and as a surfactant (pesticides, textiles) (Ashford, 1994; Budavari, 1996).
It has been used in cement admixture, latex, rubber, and polymer processing (Ashford, 1994; HSDB , 2000).
It has also been used as a teat disinfectant in dairy cattle (ReproTox , 2000) and used in insecticidal dips for dogs (0.2-0.5 % final dilution). It has been used with sanitizers for poultry drinking water (30 mg/gal), for washing eggs (150 mg/gal), and on premises and equipment (300 mg/gal) (HSDB , 2000).
It can be used as a growth regulator for lily (25% final dilution) (HSDB , 2000).
It is used as an absorbant in pesticide and other agricultural chemicals, a foaming and wetting agent in pulp and paper products (HSDB , 2000).
It is used in the foam separation of iron (III) hydroxide flox (HSDB , 2000).

FORMS

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate may have many isomers (Lewis, 1997a).
It can be white to light yellow in color and in the form of flakes, granules, or powder (Lewis, 1997a).
It is "non-volatile (vapor is water)" (CHRIS, 2000).
It can be in commercially available forms containing 62% active matter or 81% purity depending on the manufacturer (Ashford, 1994; OHM/TADS , 2000).

SOURCES

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is derived from the alkylation of benzene with dodecene (to which benzene attaches itself in any secondary position) in the presence of an alumium chloride catalyst, then sulfonated with sulfuric acid or sulfur trioxide, followed by neutralization with caustic soda (such as sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate) (Ashford, 1994; HSDB , 2000; Lewis, 1997a).

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is a straight-chain alkylbenezene sulfonate. For stright-chained sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), the dodecene may be formed by Ziegler polymerization of ethylene or by cracking wax paraffins to alpha-olefins (HSDB , 2000).

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is a detergent specially tailored for biodegradability (HSDB , 2000).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is poisonous by the intravenous route and moderately toxic by ingestion. It is a skin and severe eye irritant. Ingestion of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate may cause vomiting and diarrhea; inhalation may cause coughing and labored breathing.

In experimental animals, oral sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate has caused lacrimation, somnolence, seizures, and spastic paralysis with or without sensory change.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Inhalation of material may be harmful.
Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes.
Inhalation of Asbestos dust may have a damaging effect on the lungs.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Some liquids produce vapors that may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

With an acute oral LD50 of 1.26 g/kg in rats, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is not highly toxic. It was a severe skin irritant in rats and dogs, and a moderate skin irritant in rabbits (Zondlo, 1993). It is an eye irritant (Sderlund, 1993; BIBRA Working Group, 1990).

It may be assumed to be a respiratory tract irritant with exposure to large amounts of the dust or aerosols (Sderlund, 1993; BIBRA Working Group, 1990). When ingested, it causes vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal cramping (HSDB; (Sderlund, 1993).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Rats given this compound orally for 6 months had no ill effects (HSDB). There might be rare cases of allergic sensitization (HSDB).

Dermal application of a 10 percent solution to abraded skin for 28 days produced no signs of systemic toxicity in rats; it was a severe skin irritant. Necrosis of the intestinal mucosa was seen in rats administered 2.5 to 5.0 mL/kg/day in the diet for 22 weeks. Kidney damage was produced by ingestion of 0.6% in the diet for 6 months (Zondlo, 1993).

In dogs, necrosis of the intestines was produced by feeding 15 percent in the diet for 6 months (Zondlo, 1993).

SDS was not a skin sensitizer in rabbits (Zondlo, 1993).

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

INHALATION EXPOSURE -

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.
If bronchospasm and wheezing occur, consider treatment with inhaled sympathomimetic agents.

DERMAL EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).
Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical therapy. Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity reactions may require treatment with systemic or topical corticosteroids or antihistamines.

EYE EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE -

Because of the potential for gastrointestinal tract irritation, DO NOT induce emesis. If swallowed and victim is unconscious or having convulsions, DO NOT attempt oral dilution. Get immediate medical attention.
DILUTION: If no respiratory compromise is present, administer milk or water as soon as possible after ingestion. Dilution may only be helpful if performed in the first seconds to minutes after ingestion. The ideal amount is unknown; no more than 8 ounces (240 mL) in adults and 4 ounces (120 mL) in children is recommended to minimize the risk of vomiting.
SEIZURES: Administer a benzodiazepine; DIAZEPAM (ADULT: 5 to 10 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 20 minutes as needed. CHILD: 0.1 to 0.5 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes; up to a maximum of 10 mg/dose. May repeat dose every 5 to 10 minutes as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT: 2 to 4 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed, if seizures persist. CHILD: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes, up to a maximum of 4 mg/dose; may repeat in 5 to 15 minutes as needed, if seizures continue).

Consider phenobarbital or propofol if seizures recur after diazepam 30 mg (adults) or 10 mg (children greater than 5 years).
Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory depression, and need for endotracheal intubation. Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances, and hypoxia.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

The minimum lethal human dose to this agent has not been delineated.

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

The maximum tolerated human exposure to this agent has not been delineated.

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS25155-30-0 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

References: Budavari, 1996 OHM/TADS, 2000 RTECS, 2000
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- TDLo- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- TDLo- (ORAL)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS25155-30-0 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Not Listed

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS25155-30-0 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS25155-30-0 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

1000 (454)

Additional Information:

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS25155-30-0 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS25155-30-0 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS25155-30-0 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Benzenesulfonic acid, dodecyl-, sodium salt

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS25155-30-0 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

STORAGE

ROOM/CABINET RECOMMENDATIONS

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate should be store at climate-controlled facilities where temperature is kept above freezing (32 degrees F) and not extremely heated (it decomposes upon heating) (HSDB , 2000).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is a minimum contact hazard, but it can cause skin and eye irritation. If contact occurs, flush affected areas with plenty of water. Prolonged exposure may even cause skin rash (CHRIS , 2000).

It may be assumed to be a respiratory tract irritant with exposure to large amounts of the dust or aerosols (Sderlund, 1993; BIBRA Working Group, 1990).

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 25155-30-0.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Some may burn but none ignite readily.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Some may be transported hot.
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is combustible (Lewis, 1997). It will burn with difficulty, and it may take some effort to ignite (AAR, 1998).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS25155-30-0 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Do not scatter spilled material with high pressure water streams.
Dike fire-control water for later disposal.

TANK FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS25155-30-0 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

Use water to fight fire involving sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (CHRIS , 2000).

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

When heated to decomposition, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate emits toxic fumes of Na2O and sulfur oxides (ILO, 1998; Lewis, 2000).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

When heated to decomposition, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate emits toxic fumes of Na2O (ILO, 1998; Lewis, 2000).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate reacts with acids or acid fumes to emit toxic fumes of sulfur oxides (HSDB , 2000; ILO, 1998).

When heated to decomposition, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate emits toxic fumes of Na2O and sulfur oxides (ILO, 1998; Lewis, 2000).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171(ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS25155-30-0 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS25155-30-0 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (Dodecyl benzene sodium sulfonate)
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 4
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 12.5
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 75
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 200
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS25155-30-0 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS25155-30-0 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent dust cloud.
- Avoid inhalation of asbestos dust.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.
Cover solid sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water (AAR, 1998).
Apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount if 10 ppm or greater concentration of solid sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate has been spilled in water and dissolved (AAR, 1998).
Keep solid and aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate out of water intakes or other water sources and sewers, and dig holding areas as necessary (AAR, 1998; (CHRIS , 2000).
Build dikes using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete to contain flow of aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel (AAR, 1998).
Absorb bulk aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with fly ash, cement powder, or other commercial sorbents (AAR, 1998).
Neutralize spilled aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime (AAR, 1998). Generating foam (by using compress air and skimmers) or using carbon absorption can be effective in ameliorating aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (OHM/TADS , 2000).
Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors of spilled aqueous sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (AAR, 1998).

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

SMALL SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Take up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal.
SMALL DRY SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- With clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area.

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

LARGE SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
- Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

CHEMICAL TREATMENT

Hydrogen peroxide together with a ferrous sulfate catalyst can be used to oxidize sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (OHM/TADS , 2000).
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate can be injected into red clay or high iron oxide-hydroxide soils (OHM/TADS , 2000).
Waste management activities associated with material disposition are unique to individual situations. Proper waste characterization and decisions regarding waste management should be coordinated with the appropriate local, state, or federal authorities to ensure compliance with all applicable rules and regulations.

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

It is harmful to aquatic life in very low concentrations, but it is not classified as a marine pollutant. Local wildlife officials and operators of nearby water intakes should be notified in case of water spill (CHRIS , 2000).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate exists in the particulate phase in ambient air and not in the vapor phase. Elimination from the atmosphere occurs through wet deposition (HSDB , 2000).

WATER

SURFACE WATER
- Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate should not undergo volatilization from water. Biodegradation is expected to occur in water although water temperature can affect such degradation processes (HSDB , 2000).
- "Bioconcentration, adsorption to sediment, and hydrolysis are not expected to be important in aquatic systems" (HSDB , 2000).

SOIL

TERRESTRIAL
- Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate should have high mobility in soil. It will dissociate to dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and sodium ion in the environment. Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid is expected to be even more mobile than sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is affected by the type of soil. The stronger its affinity to the soil, the slower the biodegradation process (HSDB , 2000).
- Biodegradation is expected to occur in aerobic soils (HSDB , 2000).
- Volatilization of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is not expected from moist or dry soils (HSDB , 2000).

OTHER

OTHER
- It has a half-life in air of about 23.7 hours (at an atmospheric concentration of 5x10(5) hydroxyl radicals per cubic centimeter) based on an estimated reaction rate constant of 16.22x10(-12) cm(3)/molecule-sec at 25 degrees C (HSDB , 2000).
- It has a half-life in water of about 15 days (OHM/TADS , 2000).

BIODEGRADATION

It is biodegradable, and the degradation process is expected to be an important fate process in both aerobic soil and aquatic conditions (HSDB , 2000).

BIOACCUMULATION

FISH

Based on experimental and estimated bioconcentration factors for sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms is not significant (HSDB , 2000).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

References: (OHM/TADS , 2000)

Note: Values are from OHM/TADS, unless otherwise noted.

Freshwater toxicity:

LCLo - FISH: 6 ppm - in 18 degrees C distilled water
LCLo - FISH: 6 ppm - in 23 degrees C hard water
LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 11 ppm for 24H - in static test environment
LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 10.8 ppm for 96H - in static test environment
LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 10.7 ppm for 336H - in static test environment
LD100 - FISH: 8 ppm -- sewage treatment plant
LD30 - GOLDFISH: 10 ppm for 48H -- aerated water
LD100 - GOLDFISH: 15 ppm for 6H -- aerated water
LD100 - SALMON: 5.6 ppm for 72H
LD100 - TROUT: 5 ppm for 26-30H
TL50 - RAINBOW TROUT, Juvenile: 2.04 ppm for 24H -- 11 - 15 degrees C
TL50 - RAINBOW TROUT, Juvenile: 1.68 ppm for 96H -- 11 - 15 degrees C
TLM - BLACK BULLHEAD: 22.0 ppm for 96H
TLM - BLUEGILL: 4.2 ppm for 24H
TLM - BLUEGILL: 3.7 ppm for 48H
TLM - BLUEGILL: 17.0 ppm for 96H
TLM - BLUEGILL: 17.4 ppm for 96H
TLM - BLUNTNOSE MINNOW: 7.7 ppm for 96H
TLM - CARP: 18.0 ppm for 96H
TLM - COMMON SHINER: 17.0 ppm for 96H
TLM - EMERALD SHINER: 7.4 ppm for 96H
TLM - FATHEAD FRY: 3.1 ppm for 168H
TLM - PUMPKIN SEED: 21.9 ppm for 96H
TLM - ROSEFIN: 9.5 ppm for 96H
TLM - SILVER JAW: 9.2 ppm for 96H
TLM - STONEROLLER: 8.9 ppm for 96H
TLM - TROUT: 3.7 ppm for 24H
TLM - TROUT: 3 ppm for 288H

Saltwater toxicity:

TLM - AMERICAN EEL: 7.5 ppm for 96H -- in 20 % salt environment
TLM - MULLET: 10.1 ppm for 96H -- in 20 % salt environment
TLM - MUMMICHOG: 22.5 ppm for 96H -- in 20 % salt environment
TLM - SILVERSIDE: 7.0 ppm for 96H -- in 20 % salt environment
TLM - WINTER FLOUNDER: 8.2 ppm for 96H -- in 20 % salt environment

3.5 ppm sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is toxic to plants (OHM/TADS , 2000).

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

348.48

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate may have many isomers (Lewis, 1997).

It can be white to light yellow in color and in the forms of flakes, granules, or powder (Lewis, 1997).

It is "non-volatile (vapor is water)" (CHRIS , 2000).

VAPOR PRESSURE

2.29x10(-15) mmHg (at 25 degrees C) (estimated) (HSDB , 2000)

DENSITY

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

60% slurry: 1.0 g/mL (at 20 degrees C) (HSDB , 2000; ILO, 1998)

BOILING POINT

Foams as water boils (100 degrees C) (dodecyl benezene sulfonic acid, sodium salt) (CHRIS , 2000)

Decomposes (at 1 atm) (sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates) (CHRIS , 2000).

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate is soluble in water and is colorless when dissolved. It may foam when dissolved in water (ILO, 1998; OHM/TADS , 2000).
200,000 ppm (at 25 degrees C) (OHM/TADS , 2000)
8x10(5) mcg/L (at 20-25 degrees C) (HSDB , 2000)
Soluble in water (ILO, 1998).

OCTANOL/WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT

log Kow = 0.45 (HSDB , 2000)

HENRY'S CONSTANT

6.27x10(-8) atm-m(3)/mole (estimated) (HSDB , 2000)

OTHER/PHYSICAL

TASTE THRESHOLD

Lower: 0.3 ppm; Upper: 0.017 ppm (OHM/TADS , 2000)

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SODIUM DODECYL BENZENESULFONATE

Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents