Czechoslovak product

Type II pyrethroid

Alpha cyano pyrethroid

(Rs)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1rs)-cis-3(2,2-dichlorvinyl)- 2,2-dimethyl cyclopropan carboxylate

GZ1240000 (NIOSH)

GZ1233000 (NIOSH)

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester, cis-(+)-

Alpha-1-cyano 3-phenoxybenzyl d-cis 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl) cyclopropane

Ru 22974

NRDC 161

Decamethrine

Decis

Delta

FMC 45498

NRDC 156

GZ1240000 (NIOSH)

Decis

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester, cis-(+)-

Alpha-1-cyano 3-phenoxybenzyl d-cis 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl) cyclopropane carboxylate

C19H25NO4.4C19H25NO4

GZ1720000 (NIOSH)

Phthalthrin racemic mixture

Czechoslovak product

Type II pyrethroid

Alpha cyano pyrethroid

(Rs)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1rs)-cis-3(2,2-dichlorvinyl)- 2,2-dimethyl cyclopropan carboxylate

GZ1240000 (NIOSH)

GZ1233000 (NIOSH)

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester, cis-(+)-

Alpha-1-cyano 3-phenoxybenzyl d-cis 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl) cyclopropane

Ru 22974

NRDC 161

Decamethrine

Decis

Delta

FMC 45498

NRDC 156

GZ1240000 (NIOSH)

Decis

Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester, cis-(+)-

Alpha-1-cyano 3-phenoxybenzyl d-cis 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dibromovinyl) cyclopropane carboxylate

C19H25NO4.4C19H25NO4

GZ1720000 (NIOSH)

Phthalthrin racemic mixture

animal ectoparasites: allethrin, cyhalothrin (Boophilus microplus, Haematobia irritans - cattle); Bovicola ovis, Linognathus spp., Melophagus ovinus - sheep), deltamethrin; esfenvalerate; permethrin

animal facilities (horse stables): cyhalothrin, resmethrin

crops (cereals, corn, cotton, coffee, potatoes, tobacco, tea, rice, vines, fruit, vegetables, ornamentals): esfenvalerate (especially for pests resistant to organochlorine, organophosphorus, and carbamate insecticides); fenpropathrin (especially mites); fenvalerate; tralomethrin

fabric protection: fenpropathrin

forests: esfenvalerate, permethrin

greenhouses (white flies): fenpropathrin, resmethrin

households (flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, bedbugs): deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, permethrin

mosquito nets: permethrin

non-cropland: esfenvalerate, fenvalerate

pet sprays and shampoo: resmethrin

public health: deltamethrin (Chagas disease in South America; malaria control in Central America and Africa); permethrin (body lice); resmethrin [combined with other insecticides (tetramethrin, malathion) to control mosquitoes]

soil insects (crops): teflurin

stored commodities (cereals, grains, coffee beans, dry beans): deltamethrin

wood preservative: deltamethrin, permethrin

Resmethrin, for example, is a mixture of two isomers. Commercial formulations contain approximately 70% trans-isomer (bioresmethrin) and approximately 30% cis-isomer (cismethrin) (HSDB, 2006; ILO, 1998).

Type I: esters of chrysanthemic acid and alcohols; furan ring and terminal side chain moieties; unstable outdoors (sensitive to light, air, and temperature). Some Type I pyrethroids are allethrin, cismethrin, permethrin, phenothrin, resmethrin, and tetramethrin.

Type II: photolabile moieties replaced by dichlorovinyl, dibromovinyl substituents and aromatic rings; 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol derivatives in the alcohol moiety; stable outdoors. Some Type II pyrethroids are cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, fluvalinate, and tralomethrin.

aerosols: allethrin, cyfluthrin, fenpropathrin, resmethrin, tetramethrin

aqueous pressurized spray: fenpropathrin

coil: allethrin

dusts: cyphenothrin, permethrin

emulsifiable liquid concentrate: allethrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, fenpropathrin, permethrin, resmethrin, tetramethrin, tralomethrin

flowable (suspended powder in liquid): deltamethrin, esfenvalerate

fumigant.: cyphenothrin

gel: tralomethrin

granules: cyfluthrin

mat (for electric vaporizer): allethrin

micro capsule: cyphenothrin

oil liquid or spray: allethrin, cyfluthrin, cyphenothrin, fenpropathrin, resmethrin, tetramethrin

smokes: permethrin

spray (aerial) - applied in combination with other insecticides (tetramethrin, malathion): resmethrin

thermal fogging (smoke) concentrate: deltamethrin

transparent emulsion: fenpropathrin

ultra-low volume (ULV) concentrate: cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, permethrin

wettable powder: cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, permethrin

CYPERMETHRIN: A 45-year-old man died following ingestion of beans cooked in a small amount of cypermethrin 10% instead of oil. Analysis of the stomach revealed 0.7 gram cypermethrin (Poulos et al, 1982).

FENVALERATE: Two patients died following ingestion of an unknown quantity of fenvalerate; one patient died due to seizures, and the other died because of pulmonary edema (He et al, 1989).

3 : The agent (mixture or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. This category is used most commonly for agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans and inadequate or limited in experimental animals. Exceptionally, agents (mixtures) for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans but sufficient in experimental animals may be placed in this category when there is strong evidence that the mechanism of carcinogenicity in experimental animals does not operate in humans. Agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances that do not fall into any other group are also placed in this category.

3 : The agent (mixture or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. This category is used most commonly for agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans and inadequate or limited in experimental animals. Exceptionally, agents (mixtures) for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans but sufficient in experimental animals may be placed in this category when there is strong evidence that the mechanism of carcinogenicity in experimental animals does not operate in humans. Agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances that do not fall into any other group are also placed in this category.

3 : The agent (mixture or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. This category is used most commonly for agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans and inadequate or limited in experimental animals. Exceptionally, agents (mixtures) for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans but sufficient in experimental animals may be placed in this category when there is strong evidence that the mechanism of carcinogenicity in experimental animals does not operate in humans. Agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances that do not fall into any other group are also placed in this category.

Slope Factor:

RfD: 1.5x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

Slope Factor:

RfD: 2.5x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

Slope Factor:

RfD: 5x10(-3) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

Slope Factor:

RfD: 1x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

Slope Factor:

RfD: 2.5x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

Slope Factor:

RfD: 2.5x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

Slope Factor:

RfD: 1x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

Unit Risk:

Slope Factor:

RfD: 5x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

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Slope Factor:

RfD: 3x10(-2) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

RfC:

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Slope Factor:

RfD: 7.5x10(-3) mg/kg-day

Unit Risk:

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Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3349

Packing Group: I

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1

Special Provisions: IB7, IP1, T6, TP33

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3349

Packing Group: II

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1

Special Provisions: IB8, IP2, IP4, T3, TP33

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3349

Packing Group: III

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1

Special Provisions: IB8, IP3, T1, TP33

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 3

Identification Number: UN3350

Packing Group: I

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 3, 6.1

Special Provisions: T14, TP2, TP13, TP27

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 3

Identification Number: UN3350

Packing Group: II

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 3, 6.1

Special Provisions: IB2, T11, TP2, TP13, TP27

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3351

Packing Group: I

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1, 3

Special Provisions: T14, TP2, TP13, TP27

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3351

Packing Group: II

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1, 3

Special Provisions: IB2, T11, TP2, TP13, TP27

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3351

Packing Group: III

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1, 3

Special Provisions: IB3, T7, TP2, TP28

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3352

Packing Group: I

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1

Special Provisions: T14, TP2, TP13, TP27

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3352

Packing Group: II

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1

Special Provisions: IB2, T11, TP2, TP27

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Symbol(s): Not Listed

Hazard class or Division: 6.1

Identification Number: UN3352

Packing Group: III

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 6.1

Special Provisions: IB3, T7, TP2, TP28

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Quantity Limitations:

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Specific recommendations and test data for this product type were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature.

Specific recommendations and test data for this product type were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature.

Plastic Laminate

This section provides a compilation of chemical resistance information and test data for specific protective clothing products. Chemical resistance information includes both degradation resistance ratings and permeation resistance data. This information is designed to assist in the selection of appropriate protective clothing. Only data on specific products and manufacturers are included. Generic information or recommendations are not provided since significant differences can exist in the chemical resistance for apparent similar product types.

Specific product information is organized by general product type (gloves, garments, and footwear), material type, and manufacturer. The category 'garments' may include totally encapsulating suits, splash suits, as well as other items (e.g., coveralls, jackets, and aprons). Specific manufacturers should be contacted to determine the features of available styles/models.

In addition to chemical resistance information, there are many critical variables in the selection of protective clothing which cannot be represented in this summary of the literature. Some factors to be considered in choosing protective clothing include, but are not limited to: overall clothing integrity, physical hazard resistance, durability, human factors, ease of decontamination, and cost. Overall clothing integrity refers to a specific design's ability to offer consistent protection for all clothing-covered areas of the body. Physical hazards include resisting the effects of abrasion, cuts, tears, and punctures. Human factors entail effects on wearer mobility, visibility, and hearing for garments; dexterity, tactility, and grip for gloves; ankle support and weight for footwear; and, any effect of the clothing on the function of the wearer. There are several variations in the design for gloves, garments, and footwear that affect these factors. Protective clothing must properly be sized and correctly fit the wearer to ensure its proper use and function.

As required in the U.S.A., protective clothing should be selected based on a risk assessment of the workplace. This risk assessment must account for the identification of existing as well as potential hazards and involve the recommendation of protective clothing appropriate for the identified hazards. Therefore, the recommendations in this section should not be used as the sole basis for decisions on choice of protective clothing, but rather should be used as a tool by qualified occupational health and safety professionals or other technically qualified persons in conjunction with a review of all mitigating factors. Consult the OSHA PPE Standard (29 CFR 1910.132 - 1910.138) for regulations and additional guidance regarding the selection and use of protective clothing and equipment. For general information on protective clothing selection, refer to the "PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - OSHA PUB 3077" document.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING SELECTION

INTERPRETATION OF DEGRADATION RATINGS

INTERPRETATION OF PERMEATION DATA

North -- Safety 4H 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.safety4.com

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING CITATIONS

MEXICO:

ARGENTINA:

BRAZIL:

COLUMBIA:

CANADA:

UNITED STATES:

MEXICO:

ARGENTINA:

BRAZIL:

COLUMBIA:

CANADA:

UNITED STATES:

In pesticide formulating plants due to spillage or handling at mixing and bagging stations.

To crop workers during application (aerial or ground spraying) or by contact with treated foliage, soil, or other pesticide-contaminated materials.

To crop workers from contact with treated foliage or to airborne pesticide-contaminated materials (foliage, soil).

To workers and persons in neighboring fields or lands due to airborne drift.

Studies show honeybees are repelled by pyrethroids, which thereby reduces their potential for toxic exposure (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 2003).

Pyrethroid toxicity to mammals is generally low, although some cases of mammalian toxicity have been reported for deltamethrin, flucythrinate, cyhalothrin, permethrin, and tefluthrin (HSDB, 2006; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), 2003).

Studies using mallard ducks report dietary LC50 values of 5500 ppm (fenvalerate), >5620 mg/kg for 8D (fluvalinate), and 7716 mg/kg for 8D (tralomethrin) (HSDB, 2006).

One study reported cypermethrin, permethrin, and resmethrin were more toxic to the freshwater zooplankton species tested versus the estuarine species (Sanchez-Fortun & Barahona, 2005).

Another study reported the freshwater midge, Chaoborus obsucripes, was particularly sensitive to lamda-cyhalothrin, given an EC50 of 2.8 ng/L (48H/96H). Concentrations of 10 to 100 ng/L (48H/96H) affected freshwater invertebrate larvae (Hemiptera, Ephemeroptera) and some macrocrustacea (Amphipoda, Isopoda). Other species tested (macrocrustacea: Cladocera, Copepoda; insect larvae: Odonata, Chironomidae) were less sensitive with reported EC50s above 100 ng/L (Schroer et al, 2004).

Toxicity values for freshwater catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) are lower for cypermethrin dissolved in water (0.67 mcg/L, 96H LC50) versus cypermethrin dissolved in acetone (1.27 mcg/L, 96H LC50) (Saha & Kaviraj, 2003).

Indian major carp, Labeo rohita, exposed to cypermethrin at sublethal concentrations exhibited significant time- and dose-dependent reductions in erythrocyte count and other hematological indicators of anemia and a significant increase in leukocyte counts. The cypermethrin-exposed carp recovered faster than the carbofuran-exposed carp after transfer to clean water (Adhikari et al, 2004).

A study on the marine copepod (A. tonsa) during and after 24-hour pulse exposures to cypermethrin reported adverse effects resembling those from conventional acute tests and attributed delayed, long-term, adverse effects to cypermethrin accumulation from the initial 24-hour pulse exposure (Medina et al, 2004).

Water fleas (Daphnia magna Straus) exposed to fenvalerate exhibited 100% mortality at 1 mcg/L at 21 days of continuous exposure versus 3.2 mcg/L in a 24-hour pulse exposure (Reynaldi & Liess, 2005).

A mesocosm study on marine plankton communities exposed to a single dose of 5 mcg/L cypermethrin showed immediate copepod mortality and community level effects (e.g., altered species diversity). Study results indicated zooplankton communities would likely recover from a similar exposure due to population-level dynamics and rapid dissipation of cypermethrin in the natural environment (Medina et al, 2004a).

LC50 - BLUEGILL, 0.9 g: 65 mcg/L for 24H; 56 mcg/L for 96H at 24 degrees C (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT, 0.9 g: 20 mcg/L for 24H; 19 mcg/L for 96H at 13 degrees C (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - SCUDS (Gammarus fasciatus): 38 mcg/L for 24H; 11 mcg/L for 96H at 21 degrees C (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - STONEFLY (Pteronarcys californica), 2nd year class: 9 mcg/L for 24H; 5.6 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - POECILIA RETICULATA (guppy): 9.43 mcg/L for 96H - static test; 98% technical grade a-cypermethrin; LC50 estimated using probit analyses (Yilmaz et al, 2004).

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 0.0028 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 28 ng/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - CARP: 0.022 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - GOLDEN ORFE: 330.9 ng/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 89 ng/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH (Lepomis macrochirus), 0.04 - 0.23 g: 0.46 mcg/L for 96H (technical grade, dispersed via acetone) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - CARP (Cyprinus Carpio): 1.34 mcg/L for 72H (technical grade, dispersed via dimethylformamide) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - WATER FLEA (Daphnia magna): 380 mg/L for 48H at 20 degrees C (technical grade) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - WATER FLEA (Daphnia pulex): 160 ng/L for 48H at 20 degrees C (5% WP) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT (Salmo gairdneri): 0.54 mcg/L for 96H at 12 degrees C (technical grade, dispersed via acetone) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - ATLANTIC SALMON: 2-2.4 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - ATLANTIC SALMON (Salmo salar), juvenile: 1.4-12 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BROWN TROUT: 2-2.8 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - CRAB (Una pugilator): 1.5 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - INDIAN CATFISH (Heteropneustes fossilis): 11 ppb (active ingredient) for 24H -- static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 55 ppb for 24H (active ingredient, technical grade) - static test (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 11 ppb for 24H (active ingredient, formulated product) -- static test (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - ATLANTIC SALMON (Salmo salar): 1.97 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLEAK (Alburnus alburnus): 0.69 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH (Lepmois machrochirus): 1.2 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - CHANNEL CATFISH (Ictalurus punctatus): 0.63 mcg/L for 96H (technical grade) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - DESERT PUPFISH (Cyprinodon macularius): 0.6 mcg/L for 48H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - MOSQUITO FISH: 1.0 mcg/L for 48H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - PUMPKINSEED SUNFISH (Lepomis gibbosus): 0.58 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT (Salmo gairdneri): 0.39 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 0.5 mcg/L for 48H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RHODEUS SERICEUS AMARUS: 1.12 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - SAROTHERODON MOSSAMBICUSE: 3.5 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - TILAPIA MOSSAMBICA: 0.8 mcg/L for 48H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - ZEBRA FISH (Brachydanio rerio): 2.0 mcg/L for 96H (technical grade) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL: 1.9 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 77 mcg/L for 24H (active ingredient, technical grade) - static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 8.6 mcg/L for 24H (active ingredient, formulated product) -- static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - ATLANTIC SALMON (Salmo salar): 1 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 0.42 ppb for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - CLARIAS LAZERA: 630 mcg/L (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - CYPRINODON VARIEGATUS: 5 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - CYPRINUS CARPIO: 30 mcg/L for 48H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - FATHEAD MINNOW (Pimephales promelas): 0.42 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - FATHEAD MINNOW (Pimephales promelas): 0.85 mcg/L for 4D (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - FATHEAD MINNOW (Pimephales promelas): 5.14 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 0.0036 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 76 mcg/L for 24H (active ingredient, technical grade) - static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 2.1 mcg/L for 24H (active ingredient, formulated product) -- static test (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC100: TOPSMELT: 0.82 mcg/L for 96H (Goodman et al, 1992)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 0.71 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - CHANNEL CATFISH: 0.51 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - CLARIAS LAZERA: 4.5 mcg/L (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - DAPHNIA MAGNA: 8.4 mcg/L for 48H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 0.32 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - SHEEPSHEAD MINNOW: 1.6 mcg/L for 96H (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 0.00089 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 0.0029 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 1.8 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BROOK TROUT, 1.2 g: 2.3 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BROOK TROUT, 1.2 g: 3.2 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BROOK TROUT, 1.2 g: 5.2 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - DESERT PUPFISH (Cyprinodon macularius): 5.0 mcg/L for 48H - static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - FATHEAD MINNOW (Pimephales promelas): 16.0 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - MOSQUITO FISH: 97 mcg/L for 48H - static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 5.4 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 6.0 mcg/L for 48H - static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - TILAPIA MOSSAMBICA: 44 mcg/L for 48H - static test (Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - BLUEGILL (Lepomis macrochirus): 1.7 mcg/L for 96H at 18 degrees C (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL (Lepomis macrochirus): 2.6 mcg/L for 96H (static test); >0.75 mcg/L for 96H (flow-through test) (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - CARP (Cyprinus Carpio): 44 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - CHANNEL CATFISH (Ictalurus punctatus): 16.6 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - CLOEON DIPTERUM: 4.5 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - COHO SALMON (Oncorhynchus kisutch): 1.8 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - COHO SALMON (Oncorhynchus kisutch): >150 mcg/L for 96H (static test); <0.28 mcg/L for 96H (flow-through test) (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - DAPHNIA PULEX: 15,000 mcg/L for 3H at 25 degrees C (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - ERETES STRICTICUS: 25 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - FATHEAD MINNOW (Pimephales promelas): 3.0 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - KILLIFISH (Oryzias latipes): 300 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - LAKE TROUT (Salvelinus namaycush): 1.7 mcg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - MICRONECTA SEDULA: 3.3 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - MOINA MACROCOPA: 14,000 mcg/L for 3H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - ORTHETRUM ALBISTYLUM SPECIOSUM: 7.3 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - SIGARA SUBSTRIATE: 2 mcg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - STEELHEAD TROUT: 0.45 mcg/L for 96H (static test); >0.27 mcg/L for 96H (flow-through test) (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - YELLOW PERCH: 2.36 mcg/L for 96H (static test); 0.51 mcg/L for 96H (flow-through test) (HSDB, 2006; Verschueren, 2001)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 130 ng/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - MYSID: 0.053 ppb for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 60 ng/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - SHEEPSHEAD MINNOW: 0.13 ppb for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - DAPNIA PULEX: > 50 mg/L for 3H (technical grade) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - DAPNIA PULEX: > 50 mg/L for 3H ((+)-trans) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - DAPNIA PULEX: >50 mg/L for 3H ((-)-trans) (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH (Lepomis macrochirus): 0.019 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 0.021 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - KILLIFISH (Oryzias latipes): 0.2 mg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - KILLIFISH (Oryzias latipes): 0.5 mg/L for 48H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOUT TROUT (Salmo gairdneri): 0.021 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 0.0043 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

LC50 - RAINBOW TROUT: 0.0016 mg/L for 96H (HSDB, 2006)

allethrin: approx. 4 degrees C

cypermethrin: 80.5 degrees C

deltamethrin: 101-102 degrees C

esfenvalerate: 59-62 degrees C; 256 degrees C

permethrin: 34-35 degrees C

tralomethrin: 138-148 degrees C

allethrin: 4.6 mg/L (at 25 degrees C)

bifenthrin: 0.1 mg/L (temp unspecified)

cyfluthrin: 0.002 mg/L (at 20 degrees C)

cyhalothrin: 0.005 mg/L (at 20 degrees C, pH 6.5)

cypermethrin: 0.004 mg/L (at 20 degrees C, pH 7)

deltamethrin: 0.002 mg/L (at 25 degrees C)

esfenvalerate: 0.0002 mg/L (at 25 degrees C)

fenpropathrin: 0.014 mg/L (at 25 degrees C)

flucythrinate: 0.5 mg/L (at 21 degrees C)

fluvalinate: 0.002 mg/L (temp unspecified)

permethrin: 0.006 mg/L (at 20 degrees C)

resmethrin: 0.037 mg/L (at 25 degrees C)

tefluthrin: 0.002 mg/L (at 20 degrees C, pH 5)

tralomethrin: 0.08 mg/L (temp unspecified)

phenothrin: 2.0 mg/L (at 30 degrees C)

allethrin: 1.5070 (at 21 degrees C/D)

cyfluthrin: 1.5511 (at 23 degrees C/D)

cyhalothrin: 1.534 (at 24 degrees C/D)

fenpropathrin: 1.5283 (at 26 degrees C/D)

fenvalerate: 1.5533 (at 20 degrees C/D)

fluvalinate: 1.549 (at 20 degrees C/D)

phenothrin: 1.5483 (at 25 degrees C/D)