POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

MOLECULAR FORMULA

(C2-H4-O)n-H2-O

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

171-SUBSTANCES (LOW TO MODERATE HAZARD)

SYNONYM REFERENCE

(Ashford, 1994; HSDB , 1999; RTECS , 1999)

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

PEG electrolyte lavage solution is effective in cleansing the colon prior to gastrointestinal examination (eg; colonoscopy, barium enema examination, intravenous pyelography) and colon surgery (USPDI , 2002). PEG is also indicated for occasional constipation (Prod Info MiraLax(R), 2000).

Whole bowel irrigation using PEG electrolyte solutions are also used for gut decontamination following poisonings, such as iron and sustained-release products (Goldfrank, 2002).
Wound decontamination using PEG 300 or 400 solution is used for dermal phenol exposures (Harbison, 1998).

Polyethylene glycols are used as water-soluble lubricants for textile fibers, rubber molds, and metal-forming operations, as well as in water paints, paper coatings, and polishes, and in the ceramics industry (S Budavari , 2001).
Polyethylene glycols with low molecular weights (600 or less) are used primarily as reactive intermediates in the manufacture of fatty acid surfactants and as solvents in gas processing (Bingham et al, 2001).
The applications of polyethylene glycols with average molecular weights of 1000 to 2000 are used in pharmaceutical ointments and toothpaste formulations and as bases for cosmetic creams and lotions (Bingham et al, 2001).
Higher-molecular weight polyethylene glycols (3500 to 20,000) find use as binders, plasticizers, stiffening agents, molding compounds, and paper adhesives (Bingham et al, 2001).
Carbowax 1500 is a solid consisting of equal portions of PEG 1540 and PEG 300. PEGs are extensively used as vehicles in topical medicaments, cosmetics, and hair products. PEG ointment USP is a mixture of PEG 4000 and 300. In industry, PEGs are used as solvents for plasticizers and lubricants.

FORMS

The commercial preparation of polyethylene glycol involves the addition of ethylene oxide to ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, or water in the presence of a catalyst. The molecular weight of the resulting compound is dependent upon the proportions of the reactants used (HSDB , 2002; Bingham et al, 2001; Lewis, 1997).
Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solutions (GoLytely(R), CoLyte(R) and NuLytely(R)) are used as bowel evacuants. These solutions contain PEG 3350 in reconstituted amounts of 6 grams per 100 mL in combination with electrolytes.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) refers to a mixture of glycols and is labeled according to average molecular weight.
PEG TYPE MOLECULAR WEIGHT
PEG 400 380 to 420
PEG 600 570 to 630
PEG 1450 1300 to 1600
PEG 3350 3000 to 3700
Lower molecular weight compounds (200 to 700) are liquids while higher molecular weight compounds are solids (PEG 1000 to 10,000).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

USES: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has pharmaceutical and industrial uses. Pharmaceutical uses include cleansing the colon prior to gastrointestinal examination or surgery and for the treatment of constipation. Industrial uses include lubrication for textile fibers, rubber molds, and metal-forming operations, as well as in water paints, paper coatings, and polishes, and in the ceramics industry. Low molecular weights (600 dalton or less) are used as reactive intermediates in the manufacture of fatty acid surfactants as solvents in gas processing and as diluents in pharmaceuticals (lorazepam contains 18% PEG 400). Intermediate weight (1000 to 2000 dalton) are used in pharmaceutical ointments and toothpaste formulations and as bases for cosmetic creams and lotions. Higher-molecular weight polyethylene glycols (3500 to 20,000) find use as binders, plasticizers, stiffening agents, molding compounds, and paper adhesives. Carbowax 1500 is a solid consisting of equal portions of PEG 1540 and PEG 300.

PHARMACOLOGY: PEG 3500 is an osmotic agent, which causes water to be retained in the stool, enhancing bowel movement through the colon.

EPIDEMIOLOGY: Exposure is uncommon and toxicity is extremely rare.

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

TOXICOLOGY: High and intermediate molecular weight PEG is generally considered nontoxic, as it is not absorbed following ingestion. Acute toxicity decreases with increasing molecular weight. Massive ingestion, prolonged IV infusion, and prolonged application of low weight PEG products have been associated with metabolic acidosis and renal injury. Hypercalcemia occurs and might be related to specific PEG diacid metabolites (3-oxapentane-1,5-dicarboxylic acid and 3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-dicarboxylic acid), which are avid calcium binders. With binding of ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone is stimulated and total serum calcium increases. Toxicity is unlikely following ingestion of small amounts or from contact with intact skin. Immediate and delayed allergic contact dermatitis has been observed.

WITH THERAPEUTIC USE

ADVERSE EFFECTS: COMMON: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal fullness, delayed gastric emptying, diarrhea, and taste disorders may develop after ingestion. Contact dermatitis and immediate urticarial reactions may develop after dermal exposures.
SEVERE: Metabolic acidosis, increased serum osmolality, acute renal failure, increased total serum calcium with normal or decreased ionized calcium, and ventricular dysrhythmias (PVCs, ventricular tachycardia) may develop. Aspiration causes severe pulmonary edema that is usually reversible. Acute pancreatitis and angioedema have been reported rarely.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Inhalation of material may be harmful.
Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes.
Inhalation of Asbestos dust may have a damaging effect on the lungs.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Some liquids produce vapors that may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

SUMMARY

USES: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has pharmaceutical and industrial uses. Pharmaceutical uses include cleansing the colon prior to gastrointestinal examination or surgery and for the treatment of constipation. Industrial uses include lubrication for textile fibers, rubber molds, and metal-forming operations, as well as in water paints, paper coatings, and polishes, and in the ceramics industry. Low molecular weights (600 dalton or less) are used as reactive intermediates in the manufacture of fatty acid surfactants as solvents in gas processing and as diluents in pharmaceuticals (lorazepam contains 18% PEG 400). Intermediate weights (1000 to 2000 dalton) are used in pharmaceutical ointments and toothpaste formulations and as bases for cosmetic creams and lotions. Higher-molecular weight polyethylene glycols (3500 to 20,000) find use as binders, plasticizers, stiffening agents, molding compounds, and paper adhesives. Carbowax 1500 is a solid consisting of equal portions of PEG 1540 and PEG 300.
PHARMACOLOGY: PEG 3500 is an osmotic agent, which causes water to be retained in the stool, enhancing bowel movement through the colon.
EPIDEMIOLOGY: Exposure is uncommon and toxicity is extremely rare.
TOXICOLOGY: High and intermediate molecular weight PEG is generally considered nontoxic, as it is not absorbed following ingestion. Acute toxicity decreases with increasing molecular weight. Massive ingestion, prolonged IV infusion, and prolonged application of low weight PEG products have been associated with metabolic acidosis and renal injury. Hypercalcemia occurs and might be related to specific PEG diacid metabolites (3-oxapentane-1,5-dicarboxylic acid and 3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-dicarboxylic acid), which are avid calcium binders. With binding of ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone is stimulated and total serum calcium increases. Toxicity is unlikely following ingestion of small amounts or from contact with intact skin. Immediate and delayed allergic contact dermatitis has been observed.

THERAPEUTIC

ADVERSE EFFECTS: COMMON: Nausea, vomiting, abdominal fullness, delayed gastric emptying, diarrhea, and taste disorders may develop after ingestion. Contact dermatitis and immediate urticarial reactions may develop after dermal exposures.
SEVERE: Metabolic acidosis, increased serum osmolality, acute renal failure, increased total serum calcium with normal or decreased ionized calcium, and ventricular dysrhythmias (PVCs, ventricular tachycardia) may develop. Aspiration causes severe pulmonary edema that is usually reversible. Acute pancreatitis and angioedema have been reported rarely.

ACID BASE

ACIDOSIS: High anion gap acidosis (33 to 57 mmol/L), hypercalcemia, and hyperosmolality were described in burn patients treated with topical PEG dressings (Bruns et al, 1982). In one case, ingestion of 2 L of PEG 400 resulted in metabolic acidosis in an adult (Belaiche et al, 1983).

CARDIOVASCULAR

VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIA: Ventricular arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia, ventricular ectopy, and increases in simple premature ventricular contractions were observed among 22 patients undergoing colonoscopic exams who were administered 1 gallon of PEG 3350 solution
ANGIOEDEMA: Angioedema may occur after PEG-electrolyte administration (Franga & Harris, 2000).

DERMATOLOGIC

CONTACT DERMATITIS: Delayed eczematous reactions and immediate urticarial reactions have been observed following topical application of low molecular weight liquid polyethylene glycols (mw 200 to 400) (Bajaj et al, 1990; Daly, 1987).
CROSS-SENSITIZATION: Cross-sensitization occurs with polyethylene glycols of similar molecular weight (Fisher, 1978).
URTICARIA: Urticaria has been reported after use of PEG electrolyte lavage solution (Prod Info polyethylene glycol 3350 oral powder, 2006).

FLUID ELECTROLYTE

HYPERCALCEMIA: Increased total serum calcium with decreased or normal ionized calcium was found in burn patients with repeated dermal exposure (Bruns et al, 1982).
HYPOKALEMIA, CASE REPORT: A 12-year-old boy developed abdominal discomfort and distention, fever (101.8 degrees F) and hypokalemia (serum potassium 2.1 mmol/L) after an unintentional large IV administration of polyethylene glycol (Golytely(R), 470 mL) over 6 hours. He recovered completely with supportive care (Tuckler et al, 2002).

GASTROINTESTINAL

NAUSEA AND VOMITING: Nausea and vomiting may develop following administration (Prod Info polyethylene glycol 3350 oral powder, 2006; Belaiche et al, 1983).
HEMATEMESIS: Complications of vomiting after PEG administration have included hematemesis from Mallory-Weiss tears (Santaro et al, 1993) (Hroncich, 1992).
ESOPHAGEAL PERFORATION: Esophageal perforation has been reported as gastrointestinal complication following PEG administration (McBride & Vanagunas, 1993; Pham et al, 1993).
TASTE ALTERATION: Twenty-eight percent of approximately 80 patients experienced a bad taste after drinking PEG electrolyte lavage solution (Girard et al, 1984).
ABDOMINAL FULLNESS: Abdominal fullness and flatulence is a common effect following oral therapy of PEG 3500 (Prod Info polyethylene glycol 3350 oral powder, 2006).
PANCREATITIS, CASE REPORT: A 75-year-old woman developed severe acute pancreatitis (serum amylase 1138 IU/L, lipase 4447 IU/L) after consuming 4 L of PEG electrolyte bowel preparation within 2 hours, and colonic inertia caused a functional obstruction resulting in increased pancreatic duct pressure (Franga & Harris, 2000).

GENITOURINARY

ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS: Higher than recommended doses of IV medications that utilize polyethylene glycol as a vehicle (eg, lorazepam) has led to acute tubular necrosis. Patients with renal impairment are at higher risk (Prod Info ATIVAN(R) intramuscular, intravenous injection, 2006). Renal proximal tubular necrosis, with oliguria and azotemia, has been associated with IV administration of PEG 300 (40 mL/day) in 7 patients, with 2 fatalities resulting (McCabe et al, 1959).
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE: Fatal renal failure was described in 9 patients who received repeated applications of Furacin (63% PEG 300, 5% PEG 1000, 32% PEG 4000). Death occurred 12 to 27 days after initiation of therapy (Bruns et al, 1982).

IMMUNOLOGIC

ALLERGIC REACTION: Allergic reactions may occur after PEG-electrolyte administration (Franga & Harris, 2000; Prod Info polyethylene glycol 3350 oral powder, 2006).

NEUROLOGIC

COMA, CASE REPORT: Stage 2 coma and acidosis was described 5 hours after ingestion of 2 L of PEG 400 in a 59-year-old woman (Belaiche et al, 1983).

RESPIRATORY

ACUTE LUNG INJURY: Cases of acute lung injury have been reported following administration of PEG. Signs of respiratory distress included vomiting, aspiration and dyspnea (Paap & Ehrlich, 1993; Marschall & Bartels, 1998; Marschall & Bartels, 1998).
ASPIRATION PNEUMONITIS: Following the incorrect placement of the nasogastric tube prior to PEG administration, 2 children (aged 9 and 15 years) developed aspiration pneumonitis and respiratory insufficiency (Pace & Robertson, 1997).

VITAL SIGNS

FEVER, CASE REPORT: A 12-year-old boy with cerebral palsy and fecal impaction developed abdominal discomfort and distention, fever (101.8 degrees F) and hypokalemia (serum potassium 2.1 mmol/L) after an unintentional large IV administration of polyethylene glycol (Golytely(R), 470 mL) over 6 hours. He recovered completely with supportive care (Tuckler et al, 2002).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

Occupational exposure is almost entirely limited to dermal contact (Clayton & Clayton, 1994).

WITH THERAPEUTIC USE

A triad of high anion gap metabolic acidosis, hyperosmolality, and hypocalcemia has occurred in burn patients repeatedly exposed to PEG-containing topical medications; an increase in total serum calcium with a decreased or normal ionized serum calcium was noted (Bruns et al, 1982). Fatal renal failure has occurred in burn patients treated repeatedly with topical medications containing high concentrations of PEG (Bruns et al, 1982).
Urticarial reactions have occurred following ingestion of PEG-containing colon lavage preparations (Brullet et al, 1992).
Delayed eczematous reactions and immediate urticarial reactions have occurred following treatment with PEG-containing topical medications (Maibach, 1975; Fisher, 1977; Fisher, 1978; Daly, 1987; Bajaj et al, 1990).
PEG may be a human allergen or hapten. Anaphylaxis occurred in a 36-year-old man following ingestion of a multiple vitamin containing polyethylene glycol 8,000 and 20,000 (Kwee & Dolovish, 1982).

-FIRST AID

FIRST AID AND PREHOSPITAL TREATMENT

SUMMARY

PEG is essentially inert when taken orally, unless very large amounts of low-molecular-weight compounds are ingested. Syrup of ipecac-induced emesis and administration of activated charcoal are most likely unnecessary.

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

GENERAL

Move victims of inhalation exposure from the toxic environment and administer 100% humidified supplemental oxygen with assisted ventilation as required. Exposed skin and eyes should be copiously flushed with water.

INHALATION EXPOSURE

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).

EYE EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE

PEG is essentially inert when taken orally, unless very large amounts of low-molecular-weight compounds are ingested. Syrup of ipecac-induced emesis or administration of activated charcoal is probably unnecessary.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

Acute toxicity decreases with increasing molecular weight. Oral toxicity is extremely low. Ingestion of 2 liters of PEG 400 by an adult resulted in severe toxicity (Guzman et al, 2002; Belaiche et al, 1983).
Guzman et al (2002) reported an accidental IV infusion of polyethylene glycol (Golytely(R), 391 mL infused) in a 4-year-old girl that did not result in systemic toxicity (Guzman et al, 2002).
CASE REPORT: A 12-year-old boy developed abdominal discomfort and distention, fever (101.8 degrees F) and hypokalemia (serum potassium 2.1 mmol/L) after an unintentional large intravenous administration of polyethylene glycol (Golytely(R), 470 mL) over 6 hours. He recovered completely with supportive care (Tuckler et al, 2002).
CASE REPORT: A 5-year-old girl developed tachypnea, tachycardia, warm distal extremities, and wide open eyes with dilated pupils after inadvertently receiving 4 grams of electrolyte-free polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 dissolved in 50 mL tap water intravenously instead of enteral administration. Following supportive care, her condition improved and she was discharged on day 7 (Nijkamp et al, 2012).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS25322-68-3 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LDLo- (INTRAVENOUS)RAT:
- TDLo- (INTRAVAGINAL)MOUSE:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)DOG:
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)PIG:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- TDLo- (INTRAVAGINAL)MOUSE:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (SUBCUTANEOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LDLo- (ORAL)RAT:
References: Clayton & Clayton, 1994 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 1999
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS25322-68-3 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Not Listed

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS25322-68-3 (AIHA, 2006):

Listed as Polyethylene Glycols
10 mg/m3, aerosol
Ceiling or Short-term TWA:
Skin Notation: No
Dermal Sensitizer: No
Candidate WEEL: No
WEEL Under Review: No

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS25322-68-3 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS25322-68-3 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS25322-68-3 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS25322-68-3 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxy-

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS25322-68-3 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Polyethylene Glycols
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 1

(1) Slightly toxic material. May cause irritation, but only minor residual injury even without treatment. Recognized innocuous materials when used with responsible care.

Flammability Rating (Red): 1

(1) Slightly combustible. Materials that require considerable preheating before ignition can occur. This rating includes most ordinary combustible materials.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

(0) Materials which are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

SUMMARY

INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

Polyethylene glycols are generally stable, as they do not hydrolyze or deteriorate on storage and will not support mold growth (Budavari, 1996).

HANDLING

Practically no health hazards exist for the industrial handling and use of polyethylene glycols; exposure is limited almost entirely to topical contact (Clayton & Clayton, 1994)

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 25322-68-3.

All data are compiled from published sources and are NOT recommended specifically by Truven Health Analytics. The appearance of specific manufacturers or products in this section does not represent an endorsement by Truven Health Analytics. No attempt has been made to verify the data presented. All product recommendations should be confirmed with the specific manufacturer for verification of product performance.
CLOTHING

Specific recommendations and test data for this product type were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature.

FOOTWEAR

Specific recommendations and test data for this product type were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature.

GLOVES

Plastic Laminate

North -- Safety 4H

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested at 21 degrees C; 70 degrees F
Citation: (Safety 4, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested at 35 degrees C; 95 degrees F
Citation: (Safety 4, 2002)

GENERAL INFORMATION

This section provides a compilation of chemical resistance information and test data for specific protective clothing products. Chemical resistance information includes both degradation resistance ratings and permeation resistance data. This information is designed to assist in the selection of appropriate protective clothing. Only data on specific products and manufacturers are included. Generic information or recommendations are not provided since significant differences can exist in the chemical resistance for apparent similar product types.
Specific product information is organized by general product type (gloves, garments, and footwear), material type, and manufacturer. The category 'garments' may include totally encapsulating suits, splash suits, as well as other items (e.g., coveralls, jackets, and aprons). Specific manufacturers should be contacted to determine the features of available styles/models.
In addition to chemical resistance information, there are many critical variables in the selection of protective clothing which cannot be represented in this summary of the literature. Some factors to be considered in choosing protective clothing include, but are not limited to: overall clothing integrity, physical hazard resistance, durability, human factors, ease of decontamination, and cost. Overall clothing integrity refers to a specific design's ability to offer consistent protection for all clothing-covered areas of the body. Physical hazards include resisting the effects of abrasion, cuts, tears, and punctures. Human factors entail effects on wearer mobility, visibility, and hearing for garments; dexterity, tactility, and grip for gloves; ankle support and weight for footwear; and, any effect of the clothing on the function of the wearer. There are several variations in the design for gloves, garments, and footwear that affect these factors. Protective clothing must properly be sized and correctly fit the wearer to ensure its proper use and function.
As required in the U.S.A., protective clothing should be selected based on a risk assessment of the workplace. This risk assessment must account for the identification of existing as well as potential hazards and involve the recommendation of protective clothing appropriate for the identified hazards. Therefore, the recommendations in this section should not be used as the sole basis for decisions on choice of protective clothing, but rather should be used as a tool by qualified occupational health and safety professionals or other technically qualified persons in conjunction with a review of all mitigating factors. Consult the OSHA PPE Standard (29 CFR 1910.132 - 1910.138) for regulations and additional guidance regarding the selection and use of protective clothing and equipment. For general information on protective clothing selection, refer to the "PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - OSHA PUB 3077" document.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING SELECTION

Determine the type of protective clothing item needed based on a risk assessment (e.g., gloves, garments, footwear).
For high risk situations, choose clothing that covers all parts of the body that may be exposed. In many cases, multiple clothing items will be required. Low risk situations may permit partial body protective clothing. Select protective clothing products that have reported chemical resistance data. High risk situations involving full body clothing or extended chemical contact often require permeation resistance data to determine the barrier effectiveness of materials used in the construction of clothing. Relatively low risk situations, where only splash or incidental exposure occur, may allow use of protective clothing based on degradation or penetration resistance data. Specifics on the interpretation of chemical resistance data are presented below.
Other factors must be considered in addition to chemical resistance. The selected chemical protective clothing item should offer the optimal combination of protection against identified hazards while allowing maximum function and comfort.

INTERPRETATION OF DEGRADATION RATINGS

Degradation refers to physical changes in a material as the result of chemical exposure. Degradation may become evident in visible changes, such as discoloration, swelling, delamination, deterioration, or disintegration. Degradation effects may also be measured by weight change or other changes in a material's physical properties (e.g., strength, elasticity, hardness).
Degradation resistance ratings are provided by manufacturers to rate the amount of degradation that occurs for a particular protective clothing material when contacted by a chemical. All degradation ratings are qualitative and include ratings, such as "EXCELLENT," "GOOD," "FAIR," "POOR," and "NOT RECOMMENDED." There is no standard test method for the measurement of chemical degradation resistance; therefore, manufacturer ratings may be based on different testing approaches. This makes comparison of degradation ratings between manufacturers unreliable.
The use of degradation resistance ratings alone to recommend protective clothing, particularly for high hazard situations, should be avoided. Degradation resistance testing does not directly assess the barrier quality of protective clothing, since materials can show relatively little degradation but still allow either permeation or penetration by a chemical. Degradation resistance ratings can be used to exclude protective clothing materials from consideration. Protective clothing materials with a "NOT RECOMMENDED" degradation resistance rating should never be used.
For some products, the rating "NO PENETRATION" is provided. This refers to penetration resistance test results that are based on a different procedure (American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 903). Penetration resistance testing involves placing a material sample in a test cell, exposing the exterior side of the material to a chemical, and then observing the interior side of the material for visible signs of liquid penetration. Part of the test is conducted at an elevated pressure. Test results are reported as pass (no penetration) or fail (penetration detected). Unlike degradation testing, penetration testing provides an assessment of protective clothing material barrier performance. Since penetration resistance testing examines only observable amounts of liquid penetration, permeation may still occur. The use of penetration resistance data must be restricted to liquid chemicals, and should be limited to scenarios where there is no reasonable vapor exposure hazard under the conditions of exposure.

INTERPRETATION OF PERMEATION DATA

Permeation is the process of chemical movement through a material on a molecular level. Permeation resistance refers to the ability of a material to retard or prevent chemical movement through it. Permeation may occur without any visible signs of degradation.
Permeation resistance is measured using a test cell which is divided into two halves by a protective clothing specimen. Chemical is placed on the challenge side, while the collection side is periodically monitored for permeating chemical. Permeation data were obtained in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 739 (Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Permeation by Liquids and Gases), unless stated otherwise. In the case of chemicals that are classified as warfare agents, the data were obtained in accordance with the Military Standard 282 (MIL-STD-282) (Military Standard, Filter Units, Protective Clothing, Gas-Mask Components, and Related Products: Performance Test Methods).
Permeation rate is the amount of chemical that passes through a material for a measured surface area per unit time. In this section, permeation rate is expressed in micrograms per square centimeter per minute (mcg/cm(2)/min). The reported permeation rate is either the steady-state rate or the maximum rate observed during testing. In some cases, very large permeation rates exceed measurement techniques and are reported as ">" (greater than) or "HIGH."
Breakthrough time is the elapsed time, in minutes, from the time the chemical comes in contact with the material exterior surface, to the time that chemical is detected on the interior surface. When no breakthrough is detected, the breakthrough time is report as ">" the testing period. If permeation breakthrough is rapid, results are reported as "<" (less than) the earlier sampling time or as "IMMEDIATELY" (which usually means breakthrough in less than 4 minutes).
The breakthrough time should exceed the expected use period of the selected protective clothing. Additionally, there are several other factors that must be taken into account to provide appropriate protection.
Permeation testing is usually conducted with full strength, undiluted chemical for the duration of the test period. Actual exposures may involve diluted chemical for short or intermittent exposure periods.
Permeation testing is usually conducted at room temperature. Permeation occurs faster at elevated temperatures (short breakthrough times and higher permeation rates) and slower at reduced temperatures (long breakthrough times and lower permeation rates).
Permeation resistance of mixtures cannot usually be determined on the basis of the individual chemicals making up the mixture. Synergistic effects may occur and result in more rapid permeation than accounted for by the individual mixture chemicals.
Permeation rates may be used to calculate potential wearer exposure; however, several assumptions must be made about the extent of exposure and condition of clothing wear. Furthermore, there are few chemicals with dermal exposure limits, making it difficult to determine an acceptable skin exposure level.

COMPANY INFORMATION

North -- Safety 4H 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.safety4.com

REFERENCES

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING CITATIONS

The following sources were consulted for chemical protective clothing data:

(Ansell-Edmont, 2001)
(Bata Shoe Company, 1995)
(Best Manufacturing, 2002)
(Best Manufacturing, 2004)
(Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)
(ChemFab Corporation, 1993)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2003)
(Guardian Manufacturing Group, 2001)
(ILC Dover, Inc., 1998)
(Kappler Inc., 2001)
(Kimberly-Clark, 2002)
(LaCrosse-Rainfair, 1997)
(MAPA Professional, 2003)
(MAPA Professional, 2004)
(Mar-Mac Manufacturing, Inc, 1995)
(Marigold Industrial, 2003)
(Memphis Glove Company, 2001)
(Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)
(Nat-Wear, 2001)
(Neese Industries, Inc., 2003)
(North, 2002)
(North, 2002)
(Playtex, 1995)
(River City, 1995)
(Safety 4, 2002)
(Servus, 1995)
(Standard Safety Equipment, 1995)
(Tingley, 2002)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2001)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2002)
(Wells Lamont Industrial, 2002)
(Workrite, 1997)

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Some may burn but none ignite readily.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Some may be transported hot.

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS25322-68-3 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Polyethylene Glycols
Flammability Rating: 1

(1) Slightly combustible. Materials that require considerable preheating before ignition can occur. This rating includes most ordinary combustible materials.

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or regular foam.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Do not scatter spilled material with high pressure water streams.
Dike fire-control water for later disposal.

TANK FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS25322-68-3 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Polyethylene Glycols
Extinguishing Method(s): 5, 2

5: Flammable liquid fires can be extinguished using carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and vaporizing liquid extinguishers, as long as the fires are small to moderate in size and the flammable liquid reservoir is shallow. Use of foam to form a blanket over a flammable liquid is not effective when the liquid is water-soluble. Certain alcohol resistant foams are effective extinguishing agents for polar, non-polar, and water-soluble liquid fires. These foams are preferred for fighting flammable liquid fires except those that involve water reactive flammable liquids.
2: "Water or foam may cause frothing" refers to a situation where materials with a flash point above 212 degrees F (100 degrees C) are burning. Potentially violent frothing can be dangerous to fire fighters near the burning liquid. However, when highly viscous liquids are burning, fire fighters can intentionally cause frothing on the liquid surface to prevent further introduction of oxygen.

Use carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers to extinguish small fires resulting from the ignition of polyethylene glycol. An "alcohol" type foam extinguisher should be used for fighting large fires involving this compound (HSDB , 1999).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

Polyglycol ether may form peroxides (OHM/TADS , 1999).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Acrid smoke and irritating fumes are emitted when polyethylene glycol is heated to decomposition (Lewis, 1996).

Unstabilized polyglycols are susceptible to oxidative degradation. Susceptibility increases with increases in temperature and oxygen availability (Clayton & Clayton, 1994)

Polyethylene glycols are stable when exposed to heat, inert to many chemicals, and do not undergo hydrolysis or dehydration on storage (Budavari, 1996) Lewis, 1993).

Polyethylene glycol 6000 is combustible when exposed to flame or heat (Lewis, 1996).

Polyethylene glycol shows solvent action on some plastics (Budavari, 1996)

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171(ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS25322-68-3 (AIHA, 2006):

Listed as Polyethylene Glycol
ERPG-1 (units = ):
ERPG-2 (units = ):
ERPG-3 (units = ):
Under Ballot, Review, or Consideration: Yes
Definitions:

ERPG-1: The ERPG-1 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing more than mild, transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor.
ERPG-2: The ERPG-2 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could impair an individual's ability to take protective action.
ERPG-3: The ERPG-3 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.

DOE TEEL Values for CAS25322-68-3 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Polyethylene glycol
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 10
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 60
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 500
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 500
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS25322-68-3 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS25322-68-3 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent dust cloud.
- Avoid inhalation of asbestos dust.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

SMALL SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Take up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal.
SMALL DRY SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- With clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area.

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

LARGE SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 171 (ERG, 2004)
- Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
- Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

Polyethylene glycol 200: 190-210 (S Budavari , 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 400: 380-420 (S Budavari , 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 600: 570-630 (S Budavari , 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 1500: 1300-1600 (S Budavari , 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 4000: 3000-3700 (S Budavari , 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 6000: 7000-9000 (S Budavari , 2001)

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Polyethylene glycols exist as either clear viscous liquids or as white solids. They to dissolve in water to form transparent solutions (S Budavari , 2001; HSDB , 2002).

At room temperature, polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 600 or less exist as liquids. Those having an average molecular weight of 1000 to 2500 exist as soft to firm solids, and those with an average molecular weight of 3500 to 20,000 exist as firm to hard, brittle, waxlike solids (Bingham et al, 2001).

DENSITY

TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE NOT LISTED

Polyethylene glycol 400: 1.128 (Lewis, 1996)
Polyethylene glycol 600: 1.128 (Lewis, 1996)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

FREEZING POINT

Polyethylene glycol 200: supercools upon freezing (S Budavari , 2001; Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 300: -15 to -6 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 400: 4-8 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001; OHM/TADS , 1999)
Polyethylene glycol 600: 20-25 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 1000: 36-40 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 1450: 43-46 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 1500

43-46 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
44-48 degrees C (Lewis, 1996)

Polyethylene glycol 1540: 43-46 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 2000: 47-50 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 4000

54-58 degrees C (Lewis, 1996; OHM/TADS , 1999)
53-57 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 6000: 56-63 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 9000: 60-64 degrees C (Bingham et al, 2001)

MELTING POINT

Polyethylene glycol: 4-10 degrees C (Lewis, 1996)
Polyethylene glycol 400: 4-8 degrees C (S Budavari , 2001; Lewis, 1996)
Polyethylene glycol 600: 20-25 degrees C (S Budavari , 2001; Lewis, 1996)
Polyethylene glycol 1500: 44-48 degrees C (S Budavari , 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 4000: 54-58 degrees C (S Budavari , 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 6000

58-62 degrees C (Lewis, 1996)
56-63 degrees C (S Budavari , 2001)

FLASH POINT

Polyethylene glycol

199-238 degrees C (open cup) (HSDB , 2002)
471 degrees F (Lewis, 1996)

Polyethylene glycol 200: 340-360 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 300: 385-415 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 400: 435-460 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 600: 475-480 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 1000: 490-510 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 1450: 490 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 1500: 490 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 1540: 510 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 2000: 510 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 4000: 515-520 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)

Polyethylene glycol 6000:

515-520 degrees F (Cleveland open cup) (Bingham et al, 2001)
>887 degrees F (Lewis, 1996)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Soluble in water (HSDB , 2002).
"Solubility in water ranges from complete miscibility at low molecular weight to about 500 g/L solution at high molecular weight" (Ashford, 1994).
Polyethylene glycols will dissolve in water to form a transparent solution (S Budavari , 2001).

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Readily soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons (S Budavari , 2001).
Slightly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons (S Budavari , 2001).
The solubility of polyethylene glycol in organic solvents decreases as the molecular weight of this compound increases (HSDB , 2002).

OTHER/PHYSICAL

INDEX OF REFRACTION

Polyethylene glycol 200: 1.459 (at 25 degrees C) (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 300: 1.463 (at 25 degrees C) (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 400: 1.465 (at 25 degrees C) (Bingham et al, 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 600: 1.466 (at 25 degrees C) (Bingham et al, 2001)

VISCOSITY

Polyethylene glycol 200: 4.3 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (S Budavari , 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 400

7.3 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (S Budavari , 2001)
6.8 to 8.0 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (OHM/TADS , 1999)

Polyethylene glycol 600

10.5 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (S Budavari , 2001)
9.9 to 11.1 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (HSDB , 2002)

Polyethylene glycol 1500: 25-32 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (S Budavari , 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 4000: 76-110 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (S Budavari , 2001)
Polyethylene glycol 6000: 470-900 centistokes (at 210 degrees F) (S Budavari , 2001)

-REFERENCES

GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

40 CFR 372.28: Environmental Protection Agency - Toxic Chemical Release Reporting, Community Right-To-Know, Lower thresholds for chemicals of special concern. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO). Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Apr 3, 2006.

40 CFR 372.65: Environmental Protection Agency - Toxic Chemical Release Reporting, Community Right-To-Know, Chemicals and Chemical Categories to which this part applies. National Archives and Records Association (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Apr 3, 2006.

49 CFR 172.101 - App. B: Department of Transportation - Table of Hazardous Materials, Appendix B: List of Marine Pollutants. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Aug 29, 2005.

49 CFR 172.101: Department of Transportation - Table of Hazardous Materials. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Aug 11, 2005.

62 FR 58840: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 1997.

65 FR 14186: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

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Information to evaluate chemical incidents