1-BROMOPROPANE

1-Bromopropane is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide range of products including pharmaceuticals, insecticides, quaternary ammonium compounds, flavoring agents, and fragrances. It is also used as a solvent for fats, waxes, and resins (HSDB, 2004).

The US Environmental Protection Agency has proposed 1-bromopropane as a substitute for ozone-depleting solvents in a number of different industrial sectors, subject to use conditions. 1-Bromopropane use in these categories is as follows:

Industry	End Use	Substitute for these Substances
Industry	End Use	CFC-113	methyl chloroform	HCFC-141b
Solvents Cleaning	Metals Cleaning	X	X	.
Solvents Cleaning	Electronics Cleaning	X	X	.
Solvents Cleaning	Precision Cleaning	X	X	.
Aerosols	Aerosol Solvents	X	X	X
Adhesives, Coatings, and Inks	Adhesives	X	X	X

As 1-bromopropane substitution is implemented into industry processes over the coming years, its use in these respective sectors is expected to increase significantly (68 FR 33284, 2003).

Occupational exposure to a furniture glue containing 70% 1-bromopropane in 4 patients resulted in gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, anorexia, weight loss) and peripheral and central nervous system signs and symptoms (dizziness, fatigue/lethargy, headache, paresthesia, dysesthesia, weakness, and ataxia) (Raymond & Ford, 2007).

FORMS

1-Bromopropane is a colorless liquid that is slightly denser than, and slightly soluble in, water (CHRIS, 2004; HSDB, 2004; AAR, 2002).

SOURCES

1-Bromopropane is synthesized via an alcohol bromination process using n-propanol + hydrobromic acid (Ashford, 2001).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

USES: 1-Bromopropane is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide range of products including pharmaceuticals, insecticides, quaternary ammonium compounds, flavoring agents, and fragrances. It is also used as a solvent for fats, waxes, and resins, and as an alternative to ozone-depleting solvents (eg, chlorofluorocarbons).

TOXICOLOGY: Primary routes of exposure are inhalational and dermal, with systemic absorption primarily affecting the peripheral and the central nervous systems.

EPIDEMIOLOGY: Occupational exposure has been infrequently reported.

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: Mild to moderate toxic effects may include dermatitis, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, dysphagia, anorexia, urinary difficulties, and irritation of eyes, nose, and throat.
SEVERE TOXICITY: Malaise, dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, trouble concentrating, paresthesias, hypo- and hyperreflexia, ataxia, and weakness of the lower extremities have been reported following inhalational exposure to 1-bromopropane. Liver and lung damage have occurred with repeated, long-term exposure to 1-bromopropane.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin.
Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

-FIRST AID

FIRST AID AND PREHOSPITAL TREATMENT

Toxicity after an acute ingestion is unlikely. Gastrointestinal decontamination is generally unnecessary.

Primary routes of exposure are inhalational and dermal.

INHALATION EXPOSURE: Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.
DERMAL EXPOSURE: Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area extremely thoroughly with soap and water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists after washing.

EYE EXPOSURE: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, an ophthalmologic examination should be performed.

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Wash skin with soap and water.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

FIRST AID

EYE EXPOSURE: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.

Primary eye protection (spectacles or goggles), as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), should be used when working with this chemical. Face shields should only be worn over primary eye protection. Contact lens use is not recommended when working with this chemical. If contact lenses are worn, then appropriate eye and face protection devices must be used. OSHA emphasizes that dusty and/or chemical environments may represent an additional hazard to contact lens wearers.

DERMAL EXPOSURE: Immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water and get medical attention promptly.
INHALATION EXPOSURE: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, initiate artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.
ORAL EXPOSURE: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.
TARGET ORGANS: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, mucous membranes, liver, and CNS (Anon, 2004; Ichihara et al, 2004; Pohanish, 2002; NIOSH, 2002).

ORAL EXPOSURE

Toxicity after an acute ingestion is unlikely. Prehospital gastrointestinal decontamination is generally unnecessary. Primary routes of exposure are inhalational and dermal.

INHALATION EXPOSURE

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.
Carefully observe patients with inhalation exposure for the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).

EYE EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

HUMAN

Female factory workers from a 1-bromopropane production facility in China exhibited signs suggesting 1-bromopropane neurotoxicity. Exposed workers had significantly increased distal latency in tibial nerves, lower values in sensory nerve conduction velocity in sural nerves, and lower scores on neurological function tests, as compared with controls. Time weighted average exposure concentrations of 1-bromopropane ranged from 0.34 parts per million (ppm) to 49.19 ppm (Ichihara et al, 2004a).
Workers exposed to 1-bromopropane in a factory setting reported symptoms of dizziness, light- or heavy-headedness, headache, feelings of intoxication, and irritation of mucous membranes. Time-weighted average exposure concentrations and ambient air concentrations of 1-bromopropane were 0 to 170.5 ppm and 3.3 to 90.2 ppm, respectively (Ichihara et al, 2004).
The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has recommended the TLV-TWA occupational exposure limit of 10 ppm (Wang et al, 2015).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS106-94-5 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed ; Listed as: 1-Bromopropane
ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed ; Listed as: 1-Bromopropane
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

LC50- (INHALATION)MOUSE:
- 7100 mg/m(3) (RTECS, 2004)
LC50- (INHALATION)RAT:
- 253 g/m(3) for 30M (RTECS, 2004)
- 19700 mg/m(3) (RTECS, 2004)
LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- 1210 mg/kg (RTECS, 2004)
- 1350 mg/kg for 5D - intermittent -- degenerative changes to brain (RTECS, 2004)
LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- 4700 mg/kg (RTECS, 2004)
LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- 2950 mg/kg (RTECS, 2004)
LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- 3600 mg/kg (RTECS, 2004)
LDLo- (ORAL)RAT:
- 4 g/kg (RTECS, 2004)
TCLo- (INHALATION)RAT:
- 821 ppm for 8H, male, 12W prior to mating -- affected spermatogenisis (RTECS, 2004)
- 200 ppm for 8H, male, 12W prior to mating -- affected prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's and accessory glands (RTECS, 2004)
- 98408 mg/m(3) for 30min. for 1W - intermittent -- affected respiration; hemorrhages (RTECS, 2004)
- 1800 ppm for 6H for 8W - intermittent -- changes in liver weight; weight loss or decreased weight gain (RTECS, 2004)
- 400 ppm for 8H for 12W - intermittent -- changes to nerve structure (RTECS, 2004)
TDLo- (ORAL)RAT:
- 2 g/kg, male, 5D prior to mating -- affected fertility: post-implantation mortality (RTECS, 2004)
- 560 mg/kg for 2W - continuous -- weight loss or decreased weight gain (RTECS, 2004)
- 1960 mg/kg for 7W - continuous -- changes to menstrual cycle (RTECS, 2004)
- 1680 mg/kg for 12W - continuous -- affected ovaries, fallopian tubes; changes to menstrual cycle (RTECS, 2004)
TDLo- (UNASSIGNED)RAT:
- 37887 mg/kg for 4W - intermittent -- general depressed activity; somnolence; ANS effects (RTECS, 2004)

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS106-94-5 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

1-Bromopropane

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 10 ppm
TLV-STEL:
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: Not Listed
Codes: Not Listed
Definitions: Not Listed

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s): Liver and embryo/fetal dam; neurotoxicity
Molecular Weight: 122.99

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

Under Study

1-Bromopropane

TLV:

TLV-TWA:
TLV-STEL:
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: Not Listed
Codes: Not Listed
Definitions: Not Listed

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s):
Molecular Weight:

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS106-94-5 (AIHA, 2006):

Listed as 1-Bromopropane
Not Listed
Ceiling or Short-term TWA:
Skin Notation: No
Dermal Sensitizer: No
Candidate WEEL: No
WEEL Under Review: No

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS106-94-5 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS106-94-5 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS106-94-5 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS106-94-5 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Propane, 1-bromo-

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 2344 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Bromopropanes

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 3

3: Flammable and combustible liquid. See 49 CFR section 173.120 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN2344
Packing Group: II

II: Packing Group II - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is medium.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 3

3: Flammable Liquid.

Special Provisions: IB2, T4, TP1

IB2: Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1). Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized.
T4: Minimum test pressure (bar): 2.65; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(3).
TP1: The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: [Degree of filling = 97/1+alpha(tr - tf)], where tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, and tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 150
Non-bulk packaging: 202
Bulk packaging: 242

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 5 L
Cargo aircraft only: 60 L

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: B

B: (i) The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length; and (ii) "On deck only" on passenger vessels in which the number of passengers specified in paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section is exceeded.

Vessel stowage other: 40

40: Stow "clear of living quarters".

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Bromopropanes

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 3

3: Flammable and combustible liquid. See 49 CFR section 173.120 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN2344
Packing Group: III

III: Packing Group III - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is minor.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 3

3: Flammable Liquid.

Special Provisions: IB3, T2, TP1

IB3: Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1 and 31HA2, 31HB2, 31HN2, 31HD2 and 31HH2). Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130 kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized, except for UN2672 (also see Special Provision IP8 in Table 3 for UN2672).
T2: Minimum test pressure (bar): 1.5; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(3).
TP1: The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: [Degree of filling = 97/1+alpha(tr - tf)], where tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, and tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 150
Non-bulk packaging: 203
Bulk packaging: 242

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 60 L
Cargo aircraft only: 220 L

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: A

A: The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel.

Vessel stowage other: Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN2344 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Bromopropanes
UN Number: 2344

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS106-94-5 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: n-Propyl Bromide
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 2

(2) Moderately toxic material. Intense or continued exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt medical treatment is given.

Flammability Rating (Red): 2

(2) Combustible. Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition can occur. Including liquids having a flash point above 100 degrees F, and solids that readily give off flammable vapors.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

(0) Materials which are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

SUMMARY

INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

Do not handle broken or leaking packages or containers of 1-bromopropane unless wearing adequate protective clothing (AAR, 2002).

HANDLING

To prevent accidental ingestion of the chemical, do not smoke, drink, or eat when working with or around 1-bromopropane (ILO ICSC, 2004).

Wash hands after handling the chemical and before eating, drinking, or smoking (NIOSH, 2002).

Use only non-sparking tools and equipment when working with this chemical, especially when opening and closing containers (Pohanish, 2002).

Prohibit ignition sources in areas where 1-bromopropane is used (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002).

STORAGE

CONTAINER

Store 1-bromopropane in tightly-closed containers (Pohanish, 2002).

ROOM/CABINET RECOMMENDATIONS

1-Bromopropane should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated location, preferably in a detached storage area (Pohanish, 2002).
Protect containers of this chemical from physical damage (Pohanish, 2002).
Store separated from metallic or other azides, as explosive compounds may result from prolonged contact (Urben, 1999).

INCOMPATIBILITIES

Store away from strong oxidizers and strong bases, as contact with these substances may cause fire and explosions (ILO ICSC, 2004; Pohanish & Greene, 1997).
Do not allow sources of ignition, such as lit cigarettes or open flames, into areas where 1-bromopropane is stored (ILO ICSC, 2004; Pohanish, 2002).
Store separated from metallic or other azides, as explosive compounds may result from prolonged contact (Urben, 1999).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

Avoid all direct contact with and exposure to 1-bromopropane liquid and vapors. Wear protective clothing including gloves, suits, and safety goggles and use respiratory protection when working with or around this compound (CHRIS, 2004; ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002).

Primary exposure hazards to 1-bromopropane are through dermal contact and inhalation (Pohanish, 2002).

1-Bromopropane can be absorbed through and irritate the skin; take precautions to prevent dermal contact by wearing appropriate chemical protective clothing, including gloves and outerwear, when handling or using this chemical (68 FR 33284, 2003; Pohanish, 2002).
Latex gloves may not be sufficient to prevent dermal exposure (NIOSH, 2002).

EYE/FACE PROTECTION

Wear chemical safety goggles when working with 1-bromopropane (ILO ICSC, 2004; CHRIS, 2004).

Do not wear contact lenses when working with 1-bromopropane (Pohanish, 2002).

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Avoid breathing 1-bromopropane vapors (AAR, 2002).

Adequate respiratory protection should be used when working with or around 1-bromopropane (Pohanish, 2002).

At any detectable concentration, wear a NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) with full facepiece, or a supplied-air respirator with full facepiece and an auxiliary SCBA. Operate in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode (Pohanish, 2002).
For escape conditions, wear an air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister with high-efficiency particulate filter (Pohanish, 2002).

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 106-94-5.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

ENGINEERING CONTROLS

Engineering controls should be implemented when feasible to decrease ambient vapor concentrations (Pohanish, 2002).

Implementation of engineering controls, such as LEV (local exhaust ventilation), has been shown to significantly reduce levels of 1-bromopropane vapor in areas where it is used, especially for aerosol adhesive applications (NIOSH, 2002).

OTHER

INDUSTRIAL DECONTAMINATION

Wash affected area(s) immediately with soap and water if 1-bromopropane contacts the skin. Remove any nonimpervious contaminated clothing and shoes right away (CHRIS, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002).
If 1-bromopropane contacts the eyes, remove contact lenses if present, and flush with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting the upper and lower eyelids (CHRIS, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002).
Emergency showers and eyewash should be provided in locations where 1-bromopropane is used (Pohanish, 2002).

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
- Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
- Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
- Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.
- Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire.
- Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Many liquids are lighter than water.
1-Bromopropane is a flammable liquid (ILO ICSC, 2004; Pohanish, 2002).
Vapors can form an explosive mixture with air (Pohanish, 2002; Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS106-94-5 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: n-Propyl Bromide
Flammability Rating: 2

(2) Combustible. Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition can occur. Including liquids having a flash point above 100 degrees F, and solids that readily give off flammable vapors.

INITIATING OR CONTRIBUTING PROPERTIES

1-Bromopropane vapors are heavier than air and may travel long distances along the ground, creating a flashback hazard if the vapor reaches an ignition source (Pohanish, 2002).
Containers of 1-bromopropane may explode if exposed to fire, as may vapors confined to enclosed spaces (Pohanish, 2002).
1-Bromopropane is a dangerous fire and explosion hazard when exposed to oxidizers (Lewis, 2000; Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.
Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.
Do not use straight streams.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS106-94-5 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: n-Propyl Bromide
Extinguishing Method(s): Not Listed

Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol foam extinguishers for 1-bromopropane fires (CHRIS, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002; Lewis, 2000).

Cool exposed containers with flooding quantities of water (AAR, 2002).

Water may be ineffective in extinguishing 1-bromopropane fires (CHRIS, 2004).

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

When heated to decomposition, 1-bromopropane produces toxic gases, including hydrogen bromide (ILO ICSC, 2004; Pohanish, 2002).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

1-Bromopropane in contact with oxidizers is a dangerous fire and explosion hazard (Lewis, 2000; Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

1-Bromopropane vapor is a potential neurotoxin and may also cause reproductive health problems upon exposure to high levels, or prolonged or repeated exposure. Because of its high vapor pressure, it volatilizes rapidly, and precautions must be taken to avoid exposure to the vapor (HSDB, 2004).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Explosive azides may form from prolonged contact between 1-bromopropane and metallic or other azides (Urben, 1999).

1-Bromopropane will react on contact with strong oxidizers and strong bases (ILO ICSC, 2004).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

LARGE SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

Evacuate people from area of spill. Prevent those not wearing protective equipment and clothing from entering spill area until clean-up is complete (Pohanish, 2002).

Move inhalation exposure victims to fresh air (ILO ICSC, 2004; CHRIS, 2004).

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS106-94-5 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS106-94-5 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Bromopropane, 1-
TEEL-0 (units = ppm): 10
TEEL-1 (units = ppm): 30
TEEL-2 (units = ppm): 2,500
TEEL-3 (units = ppm): 2,500
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS106-94-5 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS106-94-5 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
- Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
- Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.
Remain upwind of the spill area (AAR, 2002).
Remove all ignition sources from area of spill. Build dikes as necessary to contain material and attempt to stop leak, if it can be done without endangering personnel. Collect spilled liquid using an absorbant such as vermiculite, dry sand, or or earth, and place into sealable containers for later disposal. Ventilate area of spill after clean-up is complete (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002).
Use water spray to knock down vapors over area of spill (AAR, 2002).
Prevent 1-bromopropane, or run-off water that may be contaminated with it, from entering sewers or water sources (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002).
Wear appropriate respiratory protection and chemical protective clothing when addressing a 1-bromopropane spill (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002).

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

Remain upwind of the spill area (AAR, 2002).
Remove all ignition sources from area of spill. Build dikes as necessary to contain material and attempt to stop leak, if it can be done without endangering personnel. Collect spilled liquid using an absorbant such as vermiculite, dry sand, or or earth, and place into sealable containers for later disposal. Ventilate area of spill after clean-up is complete (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002).
Use water spray to knock down vapors over area of spill (AAR, 2002).
Prevent 1-bromopropane or contaminated run-off water from entering sewers or water sources (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002).
Wear appropriate respiratory protection and chemical protective clothing when addressing a 1-bromopropane spill (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002).

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

LARGE SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
- Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.
Remain upwind of the spill area (AAR, 2002).
Remove all ignition sources from area of spill. Build dikes as necessary to contain material and attempt to stop leak, if it can be done without endangering personnel. Collect spilled liquid using an absorbant such as vermiculite, dry sand, or or earth, and place into sealable containers for later disposal. Ventilate area of spill after clean-up is complete (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002; Pohanish, 2002).
Use water spray to knock down vapors over area of spill (AAR, 2002).
Prevent 1-bromopropane or contaminated run-off water from entering sewers or water sources (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002).
Wear appropriate respiratory protection and chemical protective clothing when addressing a 1-bromopropane spill (ILO ICSC, 2004; AAR, 2002).

WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

INCINERATION

1-Bromopropane may be a candidate for destruction through incineration (Pohanish, 2002).
Waste management activities associated with material disposition are unique to individual situations. Proper waste characterization and decisions regarding waste management should be coordinated with the appropriate local, state, or federal authorities to ensure compliance with all applicable rules and regulations.

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE

Environmental release of 1-Bromopropane occurs through various waste streams associated with its production and use as a solvent and chemical intermediate (HSDB, 2004).
1-Bromopropane is also produced naturally by a number of microalgae species through the hydrolysis of monohalo- and dihalo-oxo-fatty acids (HSDB, 2004).

1-Bromopropane produced by algae may be transported from the plant tissue into the surrounding aquatic environment (HSDB, 2004).

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

Workers may be exposed to bromopropane liquid and vapor in the course of producing, handling, or storing 1-bromopropane (HSDB, 2004).
The number of workers exposed to 1-bromopropane may rise as the chemical is increasingly substituted for ozone-depleting solvents in industrial processes (68 FR 33284, 2003).
It may be released into the workplace during its production and use. Primary exposure routes are dermal and inhalational (HSDB, 2004).

GENERAL POPULATION EXPOSURE

1-Bromopropane has been detected in drinking water, and as a volatile organic compound (VOC) emission from select household cleaning products (HSDB, 2004).
Based on a risk screening study performed by the US Environmental Protection Agency, exposure to 1-bromopropane is not of major concern for people living near facilities using 1-bromopropane in spray adhesive applications (68 FR 33284, 2003).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

Due to its high vapor pressure, 1-bromopropane exists entirely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. It is degraded fairly rapidly through reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. The estimated half-life of the reaction is 17.5 days (HSDB, 2004).
- The rate constant for 1-bromopropane's reaction with hydroxyl radicals has been calculated to be 18 x 10(-12) cm(3)/molecule-sec at 25 degrees C (HSDB, 2004).
Wet deposition is not expected for 1-bromopropane because of its low water solubility (68 FR 33284, 2003).

WATER

SURFACE WATER
- When released to water, 1-bromopropane will volatilize rapidly from water surfaces. In a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec), the volatilization half-life was calculated as 3.4 hours, and from a model lake (1 m deep) as 4.4 days. It will also hydrolyze, but at a much slower rate. The half-life for 1-bromopropane hydrolysis in water is expected to be similar to its in hydrolysis half-life in soils; it has been calculated as 26 days (at pH 7 and 25 degrees C) (HSDB, 2004).

SOIL

TERRESTRIAL
- In soils, 1-bromopropane will be moderately mobile. Ground water leaching may be significant. It may volatilize rapidly from dry soil surfaces, and will both volatilize from and slowly hydrolyze in moist soils (HSDB, 2004).

ABIOTIC DEGRADATION

If released to the environment, 1-bromopropane will exist almost solely in the vapor phase, where it degrades through reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. In water, 1-bromopropane volatilizes rapidly from surface waters, and may also hydrolyze. In soils, 1-bromopropane is expected to be moderately mobile and to volatilize rapidly from soil surfaces. 1-Bromopropane is also expected to biodegrade under environmental conditions (HSDB, 2004).

BIODEGRADATION

1-Bromopropane undergoes aerobic biodegradation to 1-propanol. This may be a significant degradation process for the compound (HSDB, 2004).

BIOACCUMULATION

BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR

Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) of 23 has been estimated for 1-bromopropane in aquatic organisms (HSDB, 2004).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

FISH

LC50 - FATHEAD MINNOW (Pimephales promelas): 67.3 mg/L for 4D (Verschueren, 2001)

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

122.99

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

1-Bromopropane is a colorless liquid that is slightly denser than, and slightly soluble in, water (CHRIS, 2004; HSDB, 2004; AAR, 2002).

VAPOR PRESSURE

110.8 mmHg (at 20 degrees C) (experimental) (HSDB, 2004)

13.3 kPa (at 18 degrees C) (ILO ICSC, 2004)

REID VAPOR PRESSURE

5.3 psia (CHRIS, 2004)

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

1.3537 (at 20 degrees C) (CHRIS, 2004)

TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE NOT LISTED

1.35 (NFPA, 2002; Verschueren, 2001)

DENSITY

RELATIVE VAPOR DENSITY

4.25 (air=1) (HSDB, 2004)
4.34 (CHRIS, 2004; NFPA, 2002)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

FREEZING POINT

-110 degrees C; -166 degrees F; 163 K (CHRIS, 2004)

MELTING POINT

-110 degrees C (Verschueren, 2001)

BOILING POINT

71 degrees C (160 degrees F) (NFPA, 2002; Verschueren, 2001)

70.9 degrees C; 160 degrees F; 344 K (CHRIS, 2004)

FLASH POINT

78 degrees F (closed cup) (CHRIS, 2004)

-10 degrees C (closed cup) (ILO ICSC, 2004)

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE

914 degrees F (490 degrees C) (ILO ICSC, 2004; NFPA, 2002)

EXPLOSIVE LIMITS

LOWER

4.6% (CHRIS, 2004; NFPA, 2002)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

2450 mg/L (at 20 degrees C) (HSDB, 2004)
0.25 g/100 mL (at 20 degrees C) (ILO ICSC, 2004)

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

soluble in acetone, ether, ethanol (HSDB, 2004)

OCTANOL/WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT

log Kow = 2.10 (experimental) (HSDB, 2004)

log Pow = 2.1 (ILO ICSC, 2004)

HENRY'S CONSTANT

7.32 x 10(-3) atm-m(3)/mole (estimated) (HSDB, 2004)

SPECTRAL CONSTANTS

11352 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Prism Collection) (HSDB, 2004)

MASS

495 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York) (HSDB, 2004)

OTHER/PHYSICAL

ORGANIC CARBON PARTITION COEFFICIENT

Koc = 330 (estimated) (HSDB, 2004)

SURFACE TENSION

25.9 dyne/cm = 0.026 N/m (at 20 degrees C) (CHRIS, 2004)

HEAT OF COMBUSTION

-7276 Btu/lb = -4042 cal/g = 169 x 10(5) J/kg (CHRIS, 2004)

HEAT OF FUSION

at melting point = 6.5270 x 10(6) J/kmol (HSDB, 2004)

HYDROLYSIS CONSTANT

3.01 x 10(-7)/s (experimental, in water) (HSDB, 2004)

INDEX OF REFRACTION

1.4343 at 20 degrees C (HSDB, 2004)

NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE

1892 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Prism Collection) (HSDB, 2004)

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65 FR 77866: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Nitrogen Trifluoride (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2009l. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480963e0c&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-12.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Perfluoroisobutylene (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2009d. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480a7e26a&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Phenyl Mercaptan (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006d. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020cc0c&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Phorate (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2008q. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648096dcc8&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-12.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Phosgene (Draft-Revised). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2009e. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480a8a08a&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-12.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Phosgene Oxime (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2009f. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480a7e26d&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-12.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Potassium Cyanide (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2009g. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480a7cbb9&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Potassium Phosphide (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2005c. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020c5ed&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Propargyl Alcohol (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006e. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020ec91&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Selenium Hexafluoride (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006f. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020ec55&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Silane (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006g. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020d523&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

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1-BROMOPROPANE

Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents