AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE

Ammonium bifluoride is used in the manufacture of magnesium and its alloys; in purifying, cleansing and brightening various parts of dairy and beer processing equipment; as an herbicide enhancer; in the porcelain and glass industries; and as a mordant in aluminum (Budavari, 1996).

FORMS

Several household products (eg; Armor All Quicksilver Wheel Cleaner Clorox, Rust Bust'R (Core Products)) contain ammonium bifluoride and have caused severe toxicity and death in children. In 1997, Armor All Quicksilver Wheel Cleaner household containers were removed from the market. It is currently being manufactured in 30-gallon drums for industrial use only (Klasner et al, 1998) Mullin et al, 1998; (Klasner et al, 1996).

SOURCES

Ammonium bifluoride is manufactured by the following methods: the action of ammonium hydroxide on hydrofluoric acid with subsequent crystallization; from hydrofluoric acid and ammonia; by the gas phase reactions of one mole of anhydrous ammonia with two moles of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HSDB, 2003).
Ammonium bifluoride dissolves in water and forms a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid (CHRIS, 2003). Fluoride poisoning may occur following very high exposure((NJFS, 2003)).
AMMONIUM BIFLOURIDE/FLUORIDE CONVERSION: 66.6% of ammonium bifluoride is fluoride (Budavari, 1996).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

USES: Ammonium bifluoride is used in the manufacture of magnesium and its alloys; in purifying, cleansing and brightening various parts of dairy and beer processing equipment; as a metal cleaner, as an herbicide enhancer; in the porcelain and glass industries; and as a mordant in aluminum.

TOXICOLOGY: Ammonium bifluoride dissolves in water and forms a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid. Ingested ammonium bifluoride probably reacts in the stomach to release hydrogen fluoride and fluoride ions. Highly electronegative fluoride ion penetrates tissues deeply and binds calcium leading to hypocalcemia (and hypomagnesemia), tissue burns, and cell death.

EPIDEMIOLOGY: Poisoning is uncommon and is usually dermal, with mostly minor and moderate outcomes. Dermal exposure of a large surface area and/or to a high concentration product may be life-threatening. Ingestion of even a small amount is life threatening. Ocular and inhalational exposure are rare.

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: DERMAL: Exposure can result in delayed, unrelenting, severe pain without visible signs of injury. OCULAR: Exposure can cause mucosal irritation. INHALATION: Inhalation of low concentrations may cause prompt mucosal irritation, dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. INGESTION: Gastrointestinal irritation (ie, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, abdominal pain) may be expected following ingestion.
SEVERE TOXICITY: DERMAL: Tissue destruction or necrosis may be caused by dermal exposures to large amounts of or highly concentrated solutions of HF, and may result in systemic poisoning. OCULAR: Exposure may cause corneal erosion, scarring and opacification. INHALATION/INGESTION: Ingestion or inhalation may cause systemic poisoning with hypocalcemia, ventricular dysrhythmias (prolonged QTc, torsade de pointe), hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, acidosis, and cardiac arrest. Ingestion of more than 30 mL of a 5% solution can be fatal.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death.
Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Avoid any skin contact.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

SUMMARY

TOXICOLOGY: Ammonium bifluoride dissolves in water and forms a weak solution of hydrofluoric acid. Ingested ammonium bifluoride probably reacts in the stomach to release hydrogen fluoride and fluoride ions. Highly electronegative fluoride ion penetrates tissues deeply and binds calcium leading to hypocalcemia (and hypomagnesemia), tissue burns, and cell death.
EPIDEMIOLOGY: Poisoning is uncommon and is usually dermal, with mostly minor and moderate outcomes. Dermal exposure of a large surface area and/or to a high concentration product may be life-threatening. Ingestion of even a small amount is life threatening. Ocular and inhalational exposure are rare.
MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: DERMAL: Exposure can result in delayed, unrelenting, severe pain without visible signs of injury. OCULAR: Exposure can cause mucosal irritation. INHALATION: Inhalation of low concentrations may cause prompt mucosal irritation, dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. INGESTION: Gastrointestinal irritation (ie, nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, abdominal pain) may be expected following ingestion.
SEVERE TOXICITY: DERMAL: Tissue destruction or necrosis may be caused by dermal exposures to large amounts of or highly concentrated solutions, and may result in systemic poisoning. OCULAR: Exposure may cause corneal erosion, scarring and opacification. INHALATION/INGESTION: Ingestion or inhalation may cause systemic poisoning with hypocalcemia, ventricular dysrhythmias (prolonged QTc, torsades de pointe), hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, acidosis, and cardiac arrest. Ingestion of more than 30 mL of a 5% solution can be fatal.

Ammonium bifluoride is a CORROSIVE and can cause burns to any tissue with which it comes in contact, due to the liberation of HYDROGEN FLUORIDE. It may be systemically absorbed in lethal amounts through intact skin.

If ingested, ammonium bifluoride can cause salivation, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, burning pain or cramps, muscle weakness, convulsions, CNS depression, shock, muscle spasms or paralysis, and death (HSDB).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Chronic exposure to inorganic fluorides can lead to fluorosis, an excess of fluoride in the body, and also to osteosclerosis, an increased density in the bones and calcification of ligaments due to accumulation of fluoride.

Ammonium bifluoride can cause a unique large, pustular skin rash, which is apparently not either an irritant or allergic dermatitis (Fisher, 1959).

When given to rabbits in repeated doses, it decreased the red blood cell and hemoglobin counts (Bogacheva, 1971).

-FIRST AID

FIRST AID AND PREHOSPITAL TREATMENT

PREHOSPITAL: For DERMAL exposure, remove clothing and irrigate skin thoroughly with water. Remove from INHALATION source and administer oxygen. Irrigate EYES with copious saline or water. For INGESTION, immediately give a substance containing calcium (milk, calcium carbonate antacids) or magnesium (magnesium containing antacids or laxatives). No activated charcoal. Do NOT induce emesis.

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

FIRST AID

EYE EXPOSURE: Immediately irrigate the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.
DERMAL EXPOSURE: Immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.
ORAL EXPOSURE: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.
INHALATION EXPOSURE: Move the patient to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007).

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

Data are limited. Ammonium bifluoride is 66.6% fluoride ion. To determine the amount of fluoride, multiply the amount of ammonium bifluoride by 0.666.

Ingestion of 32 to 64 mg/kg of fluoride is considered certain to be fatal if untreated (Heifetz & Horowitz, 1986).

PEDIATRIC

Death has been reported following ingestion of 200 mg (16 mg/kg) of fluoride in a 3-year-old boy (Eichler et al, 1982).
CASE REPORT: After ingesting ammonium bifluoride in Armor All Quicksilver Wheel Cleaner (Clorox), a 3-year-old girl experienced bradycardia, a bradysystolic arrest, and hypoxemia. She died approximately 90 minutes postingestion. Severe pulmonary hemorrhage, and hemorrhagic necrosis of the pharynx, esophagus, and stomach were noted on postmortem examination (Mullins et al, 1998).
CASE REPORT: An 18-month-old infant developed hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and dysrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation and torsades de pointes after ingesting and/or aspirating a solution (Rust Bust'R; Core Products) containing less than 30% ammonium bifluoride. Despite supportive care, she died approximately 4 hours postingestion (Klasner et al, 1998).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

PEDIATRIC

CASE REPORT: Two children developed mental status changes, systemic fluorosis, severe hypocalcemia, and ventricular fibrillation after ingesting a solution (Armor All Quicksilver Wheel Cleaner; Clorox) containing 15.9% ammonium bifluoride. One child also developed a gastric ulcer and profound hypomagnesemia (serum magnesium 0.3 mg/dL; normal 1.5 to 2.1 mg/dL) (Klasner et al, 1996).

ADULT

CASE REPORT: Following inhalation of fumes from a glass etching cream for approximately one hour, a 41-year-old man presented to the emergency department with throat irritation, burning chest pain, and dyspnea. The glass etching cream, that the patient was using to remove scratches from his glasses, was found to contain 28% to 39% ammonium bifluoride and sodium bifluoride. At presentation his vital signs were normal, oxygen saturation was 100%, laboratory data (ie, CBC, electrolytes, renal and hepatic function) were within normal limits, there were no ECG abnormalities (QRS 84, QTc 440), and a chest x-ray indicated clear lungs. Physical exam revealed pharyngeal erythema. Treatment was initiated with 2.5% nebulized calcium gluconate resulting in immediate improvement in symptoms; however, continued recurrence of pain and dyspnea necessitated a total of 4 rounds of therapy over a 12-hour period. During therapy, the patient's QTc interval peaked at 458; however, he became asymptomatic, with normal ECG intervals, and was discharged (Kessler et al, 2015).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS1341-49-7 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS1341-49-7 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Not Listed

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS1341-49-7 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS1341-49-7 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Ammonium bifluoride
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

100 (45.4)

Additional Information:

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS1341-49-7 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS1341-49-7 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS1341-49-7 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Ammonium fluoride ((NH4)(HF2))

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1727 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Ammonium hydrogendifluoride, solid

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 8

8: Corrosive material. See 49 CFR section 173.136 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1727
Packing Group: II

II: Packing Group II - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is medium.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 8

8: Corrosive.

Special Provisions: IB8, IP2, IP4, N34, T3, TP33

IB8: Authorized IBCs: Metal (11A, 11B, 11N, 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (11H1, 11H2, 21H1, 21H2, 31H1 and 31H2); Composite (11HZ1, 11HZ2, 21HZ1, 21HZ2, 31HZ1 and 31HZ2); Fiberboard (11G); Wooden (11C, 11D and 11F); Flexible (13H1, 13H2, 13H3, 13H4, 13H5, 13L1, 13L2, 13L3, 13L4, 13M1 or 13M2).
IP2: When IBCs other than metal or rigid plastics IBCs are used, they must be offered for transportation in a closed freight container or a closed transport vehicle.
IP4: Flexible, fiberboard or wooden IBCs must be sift-proof and water-resistant or be fitted with a sift-proof and water-resistant liner.
N34: Aluminum construction materials are not authorized for any part of a packaging which is normally in contact with the hazardous material.
T3: Minimum test pressure (bar): 2.65; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(2).
TP33: The portable tank instruction assigned for this substance applies for granular and powdered solids and for solids which are filled and discharged at temperatures above their melting point which are cooled and transported as a solid mass. Solid substances transported or offered for transport above their melting point are authorized for transportation in portable tanks conforming to the provisions of portable tank instruction T4 for solid substances of packing group III or T7 for solid substances of packing group II, unless a tank with more stringent requirements for minimum shell thickness, maximum allowable working pressure, pressure-relief devices or bottom outlets are assigned in which case the more stringent tank instruction and special provisions shall apply. Filling limits must be in accordance with portable tank special provision TP3. Solids meeting the defnintion of an elevated temperature material must be transported in accordance with the applicable requirements of this subchapter.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 154
Non-bulk packaging: 212
Bulk packaging: 240

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 15 kg
Cargo aircraft only: 50 kg

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: A

A: The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel.

Vessel stowage other: 25, 40, 52

25: Shade from radiant heat.
40: Stow "clear of living quarters".
52: Stow "separated from" acids.

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 2817 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Ammonium hydrogendifluoride, solution

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 8

8: Corrosive material. See 49 CFR section 173.136 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN2817
Packing Group: II

II: Packing Group II - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is medium.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 8, 6.1

8: Corrosive.
6.1: Poison Inhalation Hazard (inhalation hazard, Zone A or B) or Poison (other than inhalation hazard, Zone A or B; the packing group for a material is indicated in column 5 of the table.).

Special Provisions: IB2, N3, N34, T8, TP2, TP12, TP13

IB2: Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1). Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized.
N3: Glass inner packagings are permitted in combination or composite packagings only if the hazardous material is free from hydrofluoric acid.
N34: Aluminum construction materials are not authorized for any part of a packaging which is normally in contact with the hazardous material.
T8: Minimum test pressure (bar): 4; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): Prohibited.
TP2: a. The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: [Degree of filling = 95/1+alpha(tr - tf)], where tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling, and alpha is the mean coefficient of cubical expansion of the liquid between the mean temperature of the liquid during filling (tf) and the maximum mean bulk temperature during transportation (tr) both in degrees celsius; and b. For liquids transported under ambient conditions a may be calculated using the formula: [alpha = (d15-d50)/(35 x d50)], where d15 and d50 are the densities (in units of mass per unit volume) of the liquid at 15 degrees C (59 degrees F) and 50 degrees C (122 degrees F), respectively.
TP12: This material is considered highly corrosive to steel.
TP13: Self-contained breathing apparatus must be provided when this hazardous material is transported by sea.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 154
Non-bulk packaging: 202
Bulk packaging: 243

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 1 L
Cargo aircraft only: 30 L

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: B

B: (i) The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length; and (ii) "On deck only" on passenger vessels in which the number of passengers specified in paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section is exceeded.

Vessel stowage other: 40

40: Stow "clear of living quarters".

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Ammonium hydrogendifluoride, solution

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 8

8: Corrosive material. See 49 CFR section 173.136 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN2817
Packing Group: III

III: Packing Group III - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is minor.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 8, 6.1

8: Corrosive.
6.1: Poison Inhalation Hazard (inhalation hazard, Zone A or B) or Poison (other than inhalation hazard, Zone A or B; the packing group for a material is indicated in column 5 of the table.).

Special Provisions: IB3, T4, TP1, TP12, N3, TP13

IB3: Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1 and 31HA2, 31HB2, 31HN2, 31HD2 and 31HH2). Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130 kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized, except for UN2672 (also see Special Provision IP8 in Table 3 for UN2672).
T4: Minimum test pressure (bar): 2.65; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(3).
TP1: The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: [Degree of filling = 97/1+alpha(tr - tf)], where tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, and tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling.
TP12: This material is considered highly corrosive to steel.
N3: Glass inner packagings are permitted in combination or composite packagings only if the hazardous material is free from hydrofluoric acid.
TP13: Self-contained breathing apparatus must be provided when this hazardous material is transported by sea.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 154
Non-bulk packaging: 203
Bulk packaging: 241

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 5 L
Cargo aircraft only: 60 L

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: B

B: (i) The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length; and (ii) "On deck only" on passenger vessels in which the number of passengers specified in paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section is exceeded.

Vessel stowage other: 40, 95

40: Stow "clear of living quarters".
95: Stow "separated from" foodstuffs.

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1727 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Ammonium hydrogendifluoride, solid
UN Number: 1727

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN2817 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Ammonium hydrogendifluoride solution
UN Number: 2817

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS1341-49-7 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 1341-49-7.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)
- Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
- Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.).
- Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas.
- Containers may explode when heated.

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS1341-49-7 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS1341-49-7 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Readily etches glass, should be kept in plastic, rubber, or paraffined containers. Should be kept well closed (Budavari, 1989).

Ammonium bifluoride and moisture may produce hydrofluoric acid (HSDB, 1991).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate enclosed areas.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS1341-49-7 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS1341-49-7 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Ammonium hydrogen fluoride; (Ammonium bifluoride)
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 3.75
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 10
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 75
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 375
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS1341-49-7 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS1341-49-7 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
- DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 154 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

57.04 (Budavari, 1996)

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

This compound exists as orthorhombic crystals (which etch glass) (Budavari, 1996).

3.5 (5% Solution) (HSDB , 2001)

DENSITY

TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE NOT LISTED

1.5 g/cm(3) (Budavari, 1996)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

MELTING POINT

124.6 degrees C (Budavari, 1996)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

freely soluble in water (Budavari, 1996)

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65 FR 39264: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

65 FR 77866: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

66 FR 21940: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2001.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Germane (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2008j. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480963906&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

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AMMONIUM BIFLUORIDE

Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents