METHYLAMINE

Methylamine is used in the tanning and dying industries, as a fuel additive, as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, rubber chemicals, surfactants, explosives, and accelerators, as a polymerization inhibitor, and as a component of paint removers, solvents, photographic developers and rocket propellant (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1996; CGA, 1990; Hathaway et al, 1996; Lewis, 1997).

FORMS

Methylamine is available as a compressed gas and as a 30%-50% aqueous solution. Anhydrous methylamine is available in grades of 98% purity and above. (ACGIH, 1991; Ashford, 1994; CGA, 1990; Lewis, 1997).

SOURCES

Methylamine is coproduced with trimethylamine and dimethylamine in amine formation by the interaction of methanol and ammonia over a catalyst at high temperature (Ashford, 1994; Lewis, 1997).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

Methylamine is a moderate to severe irritant of the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Corneal damage may occur with direct eye contact.

Coughing, nausea, and pulmonary edema may occur following inhalation.
Olfactory fatigue occurs rapidly with inhalation exposure.

Chemical or allergic bronchitis has followed inhalation exposure to methylamine. Contact with the liquid may cause frostbite.

Methylamine has not been associated with long-term effects, systemic adverse effects, or dermal sensitization in humans. Hepatotoxicity has been seen in experimental animals.

Mutation data exists for methylamine. No carcinogenicity data were available for methylamine at the time of this review.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

May cause toxic effects if inhaled.
Vapors are extremely irritating.
Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed.
Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water.
In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Keep victim under observation.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

FIRST AID

EYE EXPOSURE - If solution containing the contaminant contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.

If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.

DERMAL EXPOSURE - If solution containing the contaminant contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.

If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush them with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas. If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water.

INHALATION EXPOSURE - Move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.
ORAL EXPOSURE - If solution containing the contaminant has been swallowed, get medical attention as soon as possible.
TARGET ORGANS - Eyes, skin, and respiratory system (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007).

GENERAL -

Move victims of inhalation exposure from the toxic environment and administer 100% humidified supplemental oxygen with assisted ventilation as required. Exposed skin and eyes should be copiously flushed with water. Ingestion may result in significant esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns, and EMESIS SHOULD NOT BE INDUCED. Cautious gastric lavage followed by administration of activated charcoal may be of benefit if the patient is seen soon after the exposure.

INHALATION EXPOSURE -

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.
If bronchospasm and wheezing occur, consider treatment with inhaled sympathomimetic agents.
ACUTE LUNG INJURY: Maintain ventilation and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial blood gases and/or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.
This agent may cause hepatotoxicity. Monitor liver function tests in patients with significant exposure.

DERMAL EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and irrigate exposed areas with copious amounts of water. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists.
Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical therapy. Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity reactions may require treatment with systemic or topical corticosteroids or antihistamines.

EYE EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

INGESTION EXPOSURE -

Because of the potential for severe gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns, do not induce emesis.
Significant esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns may occur following ingestion. The possible benefit of early removal of some ingested material by cautious gastric lavage must be weighed against potential complications of bleeding or perforation.
GASTRIC LAVAGE: Consider after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). Protect airway by placement in the head down left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal intubation. Control any seizures first.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Loss of airway protective reflexes or decreased level of consciousness in unintubated patients; following ingestion of corrosives; hydrocarbons (high aspiration potential); patients at risk of hemorrhage or gastrointestinal perforation; and trivial or non-toxic ingestion.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12 years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.
Observe patients with ingestion carefully for the possible development of esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns. If signs or symptoms of esophageal irritation or burns are present, consider endoscopy to determine the extent of injury.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

The minimum lethal human dose to this agent has not been delineated.

ANIMAL DATA

The approximate oral LD50 for rats given a 40% amine base solution of methylamine ranges from 100 to 200 mg/kg body weight. When given the hydrochloride salt of methylamine, the approximate oral LD50 for rats ranges from 1600 to 3200 mg/kg body weight (ACGIH, 1991).
"Five rats given three, daily, oral doses of 200 mg/kg methylamine died within 5 days" (ACGIH, 1991).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE

Methylamine is a severe irritant of the eyes and skin; brief exposures to 20-100 ppm produce transient eye, nose, and throat irritation. Exposure to higher concentrations or a liquid splash of methylamine may be as damaging to the eye as ammonia. Inhalation of higher concentrations results in violent sneezing, a burning sensation of the throat with laryngeal constriction, difficulty in breathing with chest congestion, eye inflammation, and may cause pulmonary edema. Skin contact with methylamine causes dermatitis. There were no accounts of long-term effects, systemic reactions, or skin sensitization found in the literature (ACGIH, 1991; CGA, 1990; Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Grant, 1993; Hathaway et al, 1996; Harbison, 1998; Snyder et al, 1990).

ANIMAL DATA

Necrosis occurred after 0.1 mL of a 40% aqueous solution of methylamine was applied to the skin of a guinea pig. Hemorrage and necrosis also occurred after an application of liquified methylamine to the skin of guinea pig (ACGIH, 1991).
One drop of a 40% aqueous solution of methylamine base caused immediate and severe irritation to the eye of a rabbit. One drop of a 40% aqueous solution of methylamine hydrochloride caused only mild irritation to a rabbit's eye, which returned to normal within 24 hours (ACGIH, 1991).

"In another study with rabbits, a 5% aqueous solution of methylamine was reported to cause conjunctival hemorrhage, superficial corneal opacities, and edema" (ACGIH, 1991).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS74-89-5 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed ; Listed as: Methylamine
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed ; Listed as: Methylamine
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

References: Lewis, 1996 RTECS, 1999
- LC50- (INHALATION)MOUSE:
- LC50- (INHALATION)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)GUINEA_PIG:
- LDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)MOUSE:
- LDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)RAT:

CALCULATIONS

AMBIENT CONVERSIONS

1 mg/L = 783 ppm (Clayton & Clayton, 1994)
1 ppm = 1.27 mg/m(3) (Clayton & Clayton, 1994)

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS74-89-5 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

Methylamine

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 5 ppm
TLV-STEL: 15 ppm
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: Not Listed
Codes: Not Listed
Definitions: Not Listed

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s): Eye, skin, and URT irr
Molecular Weight: 31.06

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS74-89-5 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS74-89-5 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Listed as: Methylamine
REL:

TWA: 10 ppm (12 mg/m(3))
STEL:
Ceiling:
Carcinogen Listing: (Not Listed) Not Listed
Skin Designation: Not Listed
Note(s):

IDLH:

IDLH: 100 ppm
Note(s): Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Listed as: Methylamine
Table Z-1 for Methylamine:

8-hour TWA:

ppm: 10

Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25 degrees C and 760 torr.

mg/m3: 12

Milligrams of substances per cubic meter of air. When entry is in this column only, the value is exact; when listed with a ppm entry, it is approximate.

Ceiling Value:
Skin Designation: No
Notation(s): Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Threshold Quantity, in pounds:1000

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Monomethylamine
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

100 (45.4)

Additional Information:

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS74-89-5 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS74-89-5 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS74-89-5 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Methanamine

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1061 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Methylamine, anhydrous

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 2.1

2.1: Flammable gas. See 49 CFR section 173.115 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1061
Packing Group: Not Listed
Label(s) required (if not excepted): 2.1

2.1: Flammable Gas.

Special Provisions: T50

T50: Applicable liquefied compressed gases are authorized to be transported in portable tanks in accordance with the requirements of sxn. 173.313 of this subchapter.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 306
Non-bulk packaging: 304
Bulk packaging: 314, 315

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: Forbidden
Cargo aircraft only: 150 kg

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: B

B: (i) The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length; and (ii) "On deck only" on passenger vessels in which the number of passengers specified in paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section is exceeded.

Vessel stowage other: 40

40: Stow "clear of living quarters".

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1235 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Methylamine, aqueous solution

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 3

3: Flammable and combustible liquid. See 49 CFR section 173.120 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1235
Packing Group: II

II: Packing Group II - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is medium.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 3, 8

3: Flammable Liquid.
8: Corrosive.

Special Provisions: B1, IB2, T7, TP1

B1: If the material has a flash point at or above 38 °C (100 °F) and below 93 °C (200 °F), then the bulk packaging requirements of sxn. 173.241 of this subchapter are applicable. If the material has a flash point of less than 38 °C (100 °F), then the bulk packaging requirements of sxn. 173.242 of this subchapter are applicable.
IB2: Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1). Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized.
T7: Minimum test pressure (bar): 4; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(3).
TP1: The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: [Degree of filling = 97/1+alpha(tr - tf)], where tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, and tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 150
Non-bulk packaging: 202
Bulk packaging: 243

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 1 L
Cargo aircraft only: 5 L

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: E

E: The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length, but is prohibited from carriage on passenger vessels in which the limiting number of passengers is exceeded.

Vessel stowage other: 41

41: Stow "away from" mercury and its compounds.

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1061 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Methylamine, anhydrous
UN Number: 1061

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1235 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Methylamine, aqueous solution
UN Number: 1235

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS74-89-5 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Methylamine
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 3

(3) Seriously toxic material. Short term exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical treatment is given. Includes known or suspect small animal carcinogens, mutagens, or teratogens.

Flammability Rating (Red): 4

(4) Extremely flammable. Materials which will rapidly vaporize at normal pressure and temperature and will burn readily. Including: gases, cryogenic materials, any liquid or gaseous material having a flash point below 73 degrees F and a boiling point below 100 degrees F, and materials which can form explosive mixtures with air.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

(0) Materials which are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

SUMMARY

INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

Methylamine is moderately toxic by inhalation and is a severe skin irritant. Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent any possibility of skin contact. Wash immediately if skin becomes wet or contaminated; remove clothing immediately if it becomes wet or contaminated to avoid fire hazard. Methylamine is a very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Sources of ignition are prohibited wherever methylamine is handled, used, or stored. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of methylamine. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings wherever methylamine is manufactured, handled, used, or stored (Harbison, 1998; Lewis, 1996; Sittig, 1991).

HANDLING

Sources of ignition are prohibited wherever methylamine is handled, used, or stored. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of methylamine. Use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings wherever methylamine is manufactured, handled, used, or stored (Sittig, 1991).

STORAGE

CONTAINER

Store methylamine in tightly closed containers; protect the containers from physical damage. Storage tanks should be made of steel and include proper dual pressure relief valves, a vapor absorption system, liquid level and pressure gauges, liquid and vapor transfer valves, and an adequate electrical ground. Ground and bond metal containers used to transfer 5 gallons or more of methylamine. Pipes, fittings, pumps, gauges, and other equipment should be made of steel, iron, or other material not subject to corrosion by methylamine. Methylamine is usually shipped in glass bottles, cans, drums, and tank cars (CGA, 1990; ITI, 1995; NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991).

ROOM/CABINET RECOMMENDATIONS

Outdoor or detached storage is preferred for liquid methylamine. If liquid methylamine must be stored indoors, store in a standard combustible liquid storage room. Methylamine in gas form can be stored indoors if kept away from all sources of ignition or heat and kept in a cool, well-ventilated, and dry location (ITI, 1995; NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991).

INCOMPATIBILITIES

References: (Pohanish & Greene, 1997; NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991)
- Acids
- Acrylates
- Alcohols
- Aldehydes
- Alkylene oxides
- Caprolactam solution
- Chlorine
- Cresols
- Epichlorohydrin
- Glycols
- Halogenated compounds
- Hypochlorite
- Isocyanates
- Ketones
- Mercury
- Nitrosating compounds
- Organic anhydrides
- Oxidizing materials
- Reactive organic compounds
- Substituted allyls
- Vinyl acetate
Mehtylamine may attack metals (aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, lead) and their alloys as well as rubber, some plastics and coatings (Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

Methylamine is moderately toxic by inhalation and a severe skin and eye irritant. Avoid breathing vapors; keep upwind. Wear appropriate chemical protective clothing to prevent any possibility of skin contact. Do not handle broken or leaking containers unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Avoid bodily contact with methylamine; wash away any methylamine which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Remove any clothing which becomes wet or contaminated with methylamine to avoid flammability hazard. Wear a positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus to fight fires (AAR, 1998; (Lewis, 1996; NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991).

EYE/FACE PROTECTION

Wear eye protection to prevent any possibility of eye contact (Sittig, 1991).

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 74-89-5.

All data are compiled from published sources and are NOT recommended specifically by Truven Health Analytics. The appearance of specific manufacturers or products in this section does not represent an endorsement by Truven Health Analytics. No attempt has been made to verify the data presented. All product recommendations should be confirmed with the specific manufacturer for verification of product performance.
CLOTHING

Microporous Fabric

Workrite

CSP Garments

Degradation Rating: Penetrates
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Workrite, 1997)

Neoprene

River City

Neoprene splash suits

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (River City, 1995)

Plastic Laminate

DuPont Personal Protection

CPF 3

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 140
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 8.03
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

CPF 4

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.89
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Responder

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Responder Plus

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem 10,000

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid, 50%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.001
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid, 40%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem 7500

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid, 50%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid, 40%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem 9400

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 105
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 40
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 261
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 1.8
Notes: liquid, 40%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 232
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 2.2
Notes: liquid, 50%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem BR

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 232
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 2.2
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 261
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 1.8
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 105
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 40
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem LV

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 232
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 2.2
Notes: 50%
Citation: (DuPont, 2003)
Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 261
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 1.8
Notes: 40% solution
Citation: (DuPont, 2003)
Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 105
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 40
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (DuPont, 2003)

Tychem QC

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 50%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 40% solution
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem SL

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid, 40%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid, 50%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem ThermoPro

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.05
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (DuPont, 2003)

Tychem TK

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.06
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 232
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 2.2
Notes: liquid, 50%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 232
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 2.2
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 261
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 1.8
Notes: liquid, 40%
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 261
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 1.8
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.06
Notes: gas
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Polyvinyl Chloride

River City

PVC splash suits

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (River City, 1995)

Teflon Laminate

Mar-Mac Manufacturing, Inc.

Commander Ultrapro

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >180
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.1
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Mar-Mac Manufacturing, Inc, 1995)

FOOTWEAR

Specific recommendations and test data for this product type were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature.

GLOVES

Butyl

Best Manufacturing

Butyl 878

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

North Safety Products

Butyl Series

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >900
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: 40% in water
Citation: (North, 2002)

Latex

Memphis Glove Company

5290 Series Flock-Lined Latex

Degradation Rating: 4 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 126
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Natural Rubber

Best Manufacturing

Original Nitty Gritty

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Tested under limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 119
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 4
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Boss Manufacturing Company

Not specified

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)

Montgomery Safety Products

Natural Rubber

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 25
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <100
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)

Neoprene

Best Manufacturing

Chloroflex 1823

Degradation Rating: Good (after 30 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 270
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Chloroflex 723

Degradation Rating: Poor (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 40%, tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Poor (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 16
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 149
Notes: 40%
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Neoprene 6780 Series

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: 40%, tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: 40%
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Ultraflex Neoprene 32

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 26
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 4
Notes: 40%
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 40%, tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Boss Manufacturing Company

Not specified

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)

MAPA Spontex, Inc.

Stanzoil/NL-34

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 390.5
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: 40%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Memphis Glove Company

5410S Series Flock-Lined Neoprene

Degradation Rating: 3 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 77
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

6912 Neomax Neoprene

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Neoprene+NatR

Best Manufacturing

Chem Master CHM

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 40%, tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 26
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 4
Notes: 40%
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Nitrile

Best Manufacturing

N-DEX 7005

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

N-DEX 8005

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: 40%, tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: 40%
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Nitri-Solve 727

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: 40%, tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: 40%
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Ultimate N-Dex 9905

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Ultraflex Nitrile 22R

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 169
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Boss Manufacturing Company

Not specified

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)

Memphis Glove Company

5320 Series Flock-Lined Nitrile

Degradation Rating: 6 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

9750 Series Predator Nitrile

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Montgomery Safety Products

M-Tech

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.1
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)

North Safety Products

Nitrile Series

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: 40% in water
Citation: (North, 2002)

Nitrile+PVC

Best Manufacturing

Hustler 725R

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 40%, tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 119
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 4
Notes: 40%
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Plastic Laminate

North -- Safety 4H

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: 40%, tested at 21 degrees C; 70 degrees F
Citation: (Safety 4, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 80
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: 40%, tested at 35 degrees C; 95 degrees F
Citation: (Safety 4, 2002)

North Safety Products

Silver Shield

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 46
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 1280
Notes: 40% in water
Citation: (North, 2002)

Polyvinyl Chloride

Boss Manufacturing Company

Not specified

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)

Memphis Glove Company

6400 Actifresh Green PVC

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Viton

North Safety Products

Viton Series

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >960
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: 40% in water
Citation: (North, 2002)

Viton over Butyl

Best Manufacturing

Viton #890

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

GENERAL INFORMATION

This section provides a compilation of chemical resistance information and test data for specific protective clothing products. Chemical resistance information includes both degradation resistance ratings and permeation resistance data. This information is designed to assist in the selection of appropriate protective clothing. Only data on specific products and manufacturers are included. Generic information or recommendations are not provided since significant differences can exist in the chemical resistance for apparent similar product types.
Specific product information is organized by general product type (gloves, garments, and footwear), material type, and manufacturer. The category 'garments' may include totally encapsulating suits, splash suits, as well as other items (e.g., coveralls, jackets, and aprons). Specific manufacturers should be contacted to determine the features of available styles/models.
In addition to chemical resistance information, there are many critical variables in the selection of protective clothing which cannot be represented in this summary of the literature. Some factors to be considered in choosing protective clothing include, but are not limited to: overall clothing integrity, physical hazard resistance, durability, human factors, ease of decontamination, and cost. Overall clothing integrity refers to a specific design's ability to offer consistent protection for all clothing-covered areas of the body. Physical hazards include resisting the effects of abrasion, cuts, tears, and punctures. Human factors entail effects on wearer mobility, visibility, and hearing for garments; dexterity, tactility, and grip for gloves; ankle support and weight for footwear; and, any effect of the clothing on the function of the wearer. There are several variations in the design for gloves, garments, and footwear that affect these factors. Protective clothing must properly be sized and correctly fit the wearer to ensure its proper use and function.
As required in the U.S.A., protective clothing should be selected based on a risk assessment of the workplace. This risk assessment must account for the identification of existing as well as potential hazards and involve the recommendation of protective clothing appropriate for the identified hazards. Therefore, the recommendations in this section should not be used as the sole basis for decisions on choice of protective clothing, but rather should be used as a tool by qualified occupational health and safety professionals or other technically qualified persons in conjunction with a review of all mitigating factors. Consult the OSHA PPE Standard (29 CFR 1910.132 - 1910.138) for regulations and additional guidance regarding the selection and use of protective clothing and equipment. For general information on protective clothing selection, refer to the "PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - OSHA PUB 3077" document.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING SELECTION

Determine the type of protective clothing item needed based on a risk assessment (e.g., gloves, garments, footwear).
For high risk situations, choose clothing that covers all parts of the body that may be exposed. In many cases, multiple clothing items will be required. Low risk situations may permit partial body protective clothing. Select protective clothing products that have reported chemical resistance data. High risk situations involving full body clothing or extended chemical contact often require permeation resistance data to determine the barrier effectiveness of materials used in the construction of clothing. Relatively low risk situations, where only splash or incidental exposure occur, may allow use of protective clothing based on degradation or penetration resistance data. Specifics on the interpretation of chemical resistance data are presented below.
Other factors must be considered in addition to chemical resistance. The selected chemical protective clothing item should offer the optimal combination of protection against identified hazards while allowing maximum function and comfort.

INTERPRETATION OF DEGRADATION RATINGS

Degradation refers to physical changes in a material as the result of chemical exposure. Degradation may become evident in visible changes, such as discoloration, swelling, delamination, deterioration, or disintegration. Degradation effects may also be measured by weight change or other changes in a material's physical properties (e.g., strength, elasticity, hardness).
Degradation resistance ratings are provided by manufacturers to rate the amount of degradation that occurs for a particular protective clothing material when contacted by a chemical. All degradation ratings are qualitative and include ratings, such as "EXCELLENT," "GOOD," "FAIR," "POOR," and "NOT RECOMMENDED." There is no standard test method for the measurement of chemical degradation resistance; therefore, manufacturer ratings may be based on different testing approaches. This makes comparison of degradation ratings between manufacturers unreliable.
The use of degradation resistance ratings alone to recommend protective clothing, particularly for high hazard situations, should be avoided. Degradation resistance testing does not directly assess the barrier quality of protective clothing, since materials can show relatively little degradation but still allow either permeation or penetration by a chemical. Degradation resistance ratings can be used to exclude protective clothing materials from consideration. Protective clothing materials with a "NOT RECOMMENDED" degradation resistance rating should never be used.
For some products, the rating "NO PENETRATION" is provided. This refers to penetration resistance test results that are based on a different procedure (American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 903). Penetration resistance testing involves placing a material sample in a test cell, exposing the exterior side of the material to a chemical, and then observing the interior side of the material for visible signs of liquid penetration. Part of the test is conducted at an elevated pressure. Test results are reported as pass (no penetration) or fail (penetration detected). Unlike degradation testing, penetration testing provides an assessment of protective clothing material barrier performance. Since penetration resistance testing examines only observable amounts of liquid penetration, permeation may still occur. The use of penetration resistance data must be restricted to liquid chemicals, and should be limited to scenarios where there is no reasonable vapor exposure hazard under the conditions of exposure.

INTERPRETATION OF PERMEATION DATA

Permeation is the process of chemical movement through a material on a molecular level. Permeation resistance refers to the ability of a material to retard or prevent chemical movement through it. Permeation may occur without any visible signs of degradation.
Permeation resistance is measured using a test cell which is divided into two halves by a protective clothing specimen. Chemical is placed on the challenge side, while the collection side is periodically monitored for permeating chemical. Permeation data were obtained in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 739 (Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Permeation by Liquids and Gases), unless stated otherwise. In the case of chemicals that are classified as warfare agents, the data were obtained in accordance with the Military Standard 282 (MIL-STD-282) (Military Standard, Filter Units, Protective Clothing, Gas-Mask Components, and Related Products: Performance Test Methods).
Permeation rate is the amount of chemical that passes through a material for a measured surface area per unit time. In this section, permeation rate is expressed in micrograms per square centimeter per minute (mcg/cm(2)/min). The reported permeation rate is either the steady-state rate or the maximum rate observed during testing. In some cases, very large permeation rates exceed measurement techniques and are reported as ">" (greater than) or "HIGH."
Breakthrough time is the elapsed time, in minutes, from the time the chemical comes in contact with the material exterior surface, to the time that chemical is detected on the interior surface. When no breakthrough is detected, the breakthrough time is report as ">" the testing period. If permeation breakthrough is rapid, results are reported as "<" (less than) the earlier sampling time or as "IMMEDIATELY" (which usually means breakthrough in less than 4 minutes).
The breakthrough time should exceed the expected use period of the selected protective clothing. Additionally, there are several other factors that must be taken into account to provide appropriate protection.
Permeation testing is usually conducted with full strength, undiluted chemical for the duration of the test period. Actual exposures may involve diluted chemical for short or intermittent exposure periods.
Permeation testing is usually conducted at room temperature. Permeation occurs faster at elevated temperatures (short breakthrough times and higher permeation rates) and slower at reduced temperatures (long breakthrough times and lower permeation rates).
Permeation resistance of mixtures cannot usually be determined on the basis of the individual chemicals making up the mixture. Synergistic effects may occur and result in more rapid permeation than accounted for by the individual mixture chemicals.
Permeation rates may be used to calculate potential wearer exposure; however, several assumptions must be made about the extent of exposure and condition of clothing wear. Furthermore, there are few chemicals with dermal exposure limits, making it difficult to determine an acceptable skin exposure level.

COMPANY INFORMATION

Best Manufacturing 579 Edison Street Menlo, GA 30731 USA Phone: (706) 862-2302 Fax: (706) 862-6000 Toll-Free: (800) 241-0323 Website: http://www.bestglove.com Email: USA@bestglove.com
Boss Manufacturing Company 221 W. First Street Kewanee, IL 61443 USA Phone: (309) 852-2131 Fax: (309) 852-0848 Toll-Free: (800) 447-4581 Website: http://www.bossgloves.com Email: custserv@bossgloves.com
DuPont Personal Protection P. O. Box 80705 Wilmington, DE 19880-0705 USA Phone: (302) 774-1000 Toll-Free: (800) 931-3456 Website: http://personalprotection.dupont.com Email: personalprotection@usa.dupont.com
MAPA Spontex, Inc. 100 Spontex Dr. Columbia, TN 38401 USA Phone: (800) 537--2897 Fax: (800) 537--3299 Website: http://www.mapaglove.com Email: sales@mapaglove.com
Mar-Mac Manufacturing, Inc. P. O. Box P.O. Box 278 McBee, SC 29101 USA Phone: (843) 335-8211 Fax: (843) 355-8599 Toll-Free: (843) 335-8211 Website: http://www.marmac.com Email: info@marmac.com
Memphis Glove Company 5321 East Shelby Dr. Memphis, TN 38188 USA Phone: (901) 795-0672 Fax: (901) 794-7622 Toll-Free: (800) 955-6887 Website: http://www.memphisglove.com
Montgomery Safety Products 1117 Marion Avenue, SW Canton, OH 44707 USA Phone: (800) 562-0600 Toll-Free: (800) 562-0600 Website: http://www.montgomerysafety.com Email: gloves@montgomerysafety.com
North -- Safety 4H 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.safety4.com
North Safety Products 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.northsafety.com Email: marketing@northsafety.com
River City 5321 East Shelby Dr. Memphis, TN 38188 USA Phone: (800) 888-0347 Fax: (901) 795-3815 Toll-Free: (800) 888-0347 Website: http://www.protectivewear.com Email: support@protectivewear.com
Workrite 500 East Third Street Box 1192 Oxnard, CA 93032 USA Phone: (805) 483-0715 Fax: (805) 483-0678 Toll-Free: (800) 521-1888 Website: http://www.workrite.com Email: info@workrite.com

REFERENCES

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING CITATIONS

The following sources were consulted for chemical protective clothing data:

(Ansell-Edmont, 2001)
(Bata Shoe Company, 1995)
(Best Manufacturing, 2002)
(Best Manufacturing, 2004)
(Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)
(ChemFab Corporation, 1993)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2003)
(Guardian Manufacturing Group, 2001)
(ILC Dover, Inc., 1998)
(Kappler Inc., 2001)
(Kimberly-Clark, 2002)
(LaCrosse-Rainfair, 1997)
(MAPA Professional, 2003)
(MAPA Professional, 2004)
(Mar-Mac Manufacturing, Inc, 1995)
(Marigold Industrial, 2003)
(Memphis Glove Company, 2001)
(Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)
(Nat-Wear, 2001)
(Neese Industries, Inc., 2003)
(North, 2002)
(North, 2002)
(Playtex, 1995)
(River City, 1995)
(Safety 4, 2002)
(Servus, 1995)
(Standard Safety Equipment, 1995)
(Tingley, 2002)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2001)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2002)
(Wells Lamont Industrial, 2002)
(Workrite, 1997)

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: Information from more than one emergency response guide is associated with this material.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)
- EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.
- May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- May form explosive mixtures with air.
- Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.
- Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
- Some of these materials may react violently with water.
- Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)
- Flammable/combustible materials.
- May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
- Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
- Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
- Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.
- Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire.
- Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Many liquids are lighter than water.
If possible, stop any flow of gas before extinguishing a methylamine, anhydrous fire. When flow has been stopped, use flooding quanities of water as fog to extinguish the fire. Containers involved in the fire should also be cooled with flooding quantities of water. When attempting to control or extinguish the fire, move as far from the fire as possible (AAR, 1998; (NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991).
If possible, stop any flow of liquid before extinguishing a liquid methylamine fire. Solid streams of water may be ineffective, however, water can be use in flooding quantities as fog, to knock down vapors and to cool any containers that may have been involved in the fire. It is important to thoroughly dilute liquid methylamine when it's on fire because it will continue to burn if concentrated. Extinguishing attempts should be made from as far from the fire as possible using an "alcohol" foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide extinguisher (AAR, 1998; (NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS74-89-5 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Methylamine
Flammability Rating: 4

(4) Extremely flammable. Materials which will rapidly vaporize at normal pressure and temperature and will burn readily. Including: gases, cryogenic materials, any liquid or gaseous material having a flash point below 73 degrees F and a boiling point below 100 degrees F, and materials which can form explosive mixtures with air.

INITIATING OR CONTRIBUTING PROPERTIES

Methylamine is a flammable gas at ordinary temperature and pressure; it is a very dangerous fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or sparks and is easily ignited under most ambient conditions. Aqueous solutions of methylamine are flammable unless extensively diluted (AAR, 1998; (Lewis, 1996; Lewis, 1997; NFPA, 1994).

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

Some of these materials may react violently with water.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical or CO2.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Do not get water inside containers.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

TANK FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS74-89-5 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Methylamine
Extinguishing Method(s): 6

6: Flammable gas fires are only safe to extinguish once the gas flow has been turned off. Attempting to fight a gas fire without turning off the gas can cause formation of an explosive gas cloud.

NOTE: For fires involving methylamine, anhydrous, the best procedure is to stop the flow of gas before attempting to extinguish the fire. It is extremely dangerous to try to extinguish a fire while the gas is still flowing: an explosive gas/air cloud may form that, if ignited, may cause more damage than the original fire. It may be desirable to extinguish the flame with carbon dioxide or dry chemical to gain immediate access to valves to shut off the gas flow, but this must be done carefully. In many cases, it will be preferable to allow the fire to burn and protect exposures with water spray until the gas flow can be stopped (NFPA, 1994).

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

When heated to decomposition, methylamine emits toxic oxides of nitrogen and toxic amine vapors as well as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons (AAR, 1998; (ILO, 1998; Lewis, 1996; NFPA, 1994).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

Methylamine is a flammable gas at ordinary temperature and pressure; it is a very dangerous explosion hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or sparks, and forms an explosive gas mixture with air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat, containers of methylamine, anhydrous may rupture violently and rocket (AAR, 1998; (Lewis, 1996; NFPA, 1994; Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

Methylamine vapors are heavier than air and may collect in low-lying areas or travel along the ground and cause a distant fire or explosion. Use water spray to cool and disperse vapors (AAR, 1998; (CGA, 1990; ILO, 1998; NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991).

The vapors are toxic and corrosive; they are moderately toxic by inhalation and are a severe skin and eye irritant (CGA, 1990; ILO, 1998; Lewis, 1996; NFPA, 1994).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Methylamine can form an explosive gas mixture when exposed to air (Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

It is incompatible with acids, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, halogenated compounds, acrylates, substituted allyls, alkylene oxides, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, glycols, phenols, cresols, and strong oxidizers (such as chlorine) (Pohanish & Greene, 1997; ILO, 1998; NFPA, 1994; Sittig, 1991; Urben, 1996).

Methylamine is incompatible with epichlorohydrin, caprolactam solution, hypochlorite, and vinyl acetate (Pohanish & Greene, 1997; NFPA, 1994).

It attacks metals and their alloys, and some plastics, rubber, and coatings (Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

Aluminum, copper, copper alloys (including brass and bronze), lead, tin, and zinc (including zinc alloys and galvanized surfaces), are corroded by methylamine (CGA, 1990; Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

Mercury and methylamine react violently on contact resulting in fire and explosion. Instruments containing mercury must never be used with methylamine (CGA, 1990; ILO, 1998; NFPA, 1994).

Methylamine also forms an explosive mixture with nitromethane (Lewis, 1996).

Nitromethane becomes susceptible to initiation by a detonator when a base such as methylamine is added to it (Urben, 1996).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

LARGE SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 800 meters (1/2 mile).

LARGE SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132(ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS74-89-5 (AIHA, 2006):

Listed as Monomethylamine
ERPG-1 (units = ppm): 10
ERPG-2 (units = ppm): 100
ERPG-3 (units = ppm): 500
Under Ballot, Review, or Consideration: No
Definitions:

ERPG-1: The ERPG-1 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing more than mild, transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor.
ERPG-2: The ERPG-2 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could impair an individual's ability to take protective action.
ERPG-3: The ERPG-3 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.

DOE TEEL Values for CAS74-89-5 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Monomethylamine; (Methylamine)
TEEL-0 (units = ppm): 10
TEEL-1 (units = ppm): 15
TEEL-2 (units = ppm): 64
TEEL-3 (units = ppm): 350
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS74-89-5 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Listed as: Monomethylamine
Proposed Value:

AEGL-1

10 min exposure:

ppm: 15 ppm
mg/m3: 19 mg/m(3)

30 min exposure:

ppm: 15 ppm
mg/m3: 19 mg/m(3)

1 hr exposure:

ppm: 15 ppm
mg/m3: 19 mg/m(3)

4 hr exposure:

ppm: 15 ppm
mg/m3: 19 mg/m(3)

8 hr exposure:

ppm: 15 ppm
mg/m3: 19 mg/m(3)

Definitions:

AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling, are transient, and are reversible upon cessation of exposure.

Listed as: Monomethylamine
Proposed Value:

AEGL-2

10 min exposure:

ppm: 160 ppm
mg/m3: 200 mg/m(3)

30 min exposure:

ppm: 92 ppm
mg/m3: 120 mg/m(3)

1 hr exposure:

ppm: 64 ppm
mg/m3: 80 mg/m(3)

4 hr exposure:

ppm: 31 ppm
mg/m3: 39 mg/m(3)

8 hr exposure:

ppm: 21 ppm
mg/m3: 27 mg/m(3)

Definitions:

AEGL-2 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.

Listed as: Monomethylamine
Proposed Value:

AEGL-3

10 min exposure:

ppm: 910 ppm
mg/m3: 1200 mg/m(3)

30 min exposure:

ppm: 510 ppm
mg/m3: 650 mg/m(3)

1 hr exposure:

ppm: 350 ppm
mg/m3: 440 mg/m(3)

4 hr exposure:

ppm: 170 ppm
mg/m3: 220 mg/m(3)

8 hr exposure:

ppm: 110 ppm
mg/m3: 140 mg/m(3)

Definitions:

AEGL-3 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening health effects or death.

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS74-89-5 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

IDLH: 100 ppm
Note(s): Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
- Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.
- Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.
- Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.
- Isolate area until gas has dispersed.
SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)
- Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
- Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers (except for Hydrazine).
- Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 118 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
In the case of a methylamine (anhydrous or aqueous solution) leak, keep all sources of ignition (eg, sparks, flames, smoking) away from the leak area and attempt to stop the leak, if it can be done safely. Approach the leak from upwind. Water spray should be used to knock down vapors, protect personnel and dilute the spill so that it is less flammable. To neutralize diluted pools, use 5% sulfuric acid. Water run-off must be kept out of water sources and sewers and controlled for proper disposal (AAR, 1998; (NFPA, 1994).
If a methylamine (anhydrous or aqueous solution) leak occurs on land attempt to control the leak by digging a pit, pond, lagoon or other holding area for containment. Also, dike leak or run-off with soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane or foamed concrete. Use fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents to absorb bulk liquid and to neutralize the bulk liquid, use sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4). For methylamine, aqueous solutions, a "universal" gelling agents can be used to immobilize the spill (AAR, 1998).
When a methylamine (anhydrous or aqueous solution) leak occurs in water, control the spill using natural barriers or oil control booms. To aid the effectiveness of the booms, solidify the encircled spill using a "universal" gelling agent. An EPA approved surface active agent (eg, detergent, soaps, alcohols) should also be used. For spills in concentrations of 10 ppm or greater, use ten times the spilled amount of activated carbon and neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4). Remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates using mechanical dreges or lifts (AAR, 1998).
If a methylamine (anhydrous or aqueous solution) leak occurs in the air, use water spray to knock down vapors. Dike the run-off for containment and neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

Methylamine system leaks can be detected using moistened, red litmus paper, which will turn blue if methylamine is present in air. Also, an open bottle of muriatic acid will fume if methylamine is in the air. NEVER use flames to test for leaks. If a small leak is discovered, a wet rag placed on the site of the leak will prevent further contamination until repairs can be made (CGA, 1990).
Access to spill or leak area should be restricted to only those employees who are wearing appropriate chemical protective clothing and involved in clean-up effort. Sources of ignition should be removed from the area and the area ventilated. If the leak cannot be stopped in place and it is coming from a cylinder that can be moved, move the cylinder to a safe place in the open air, and repair the leak. If the leak cannot be repaired or stopped, allow the cylinder to empty. Use sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4) to neutralize the leak and add water (ITI, 1995; Sittig, 1991).

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

LARGE SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 132 (ERG, 2004)
- Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
- Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

CHEMICAL TREATMENT

To dispose of methylamine, anhydrous, slowly discharge gas into a scrubber or another suitable container that contains a 10-20% aqueous acid solution (ie, sulfuric, hydrochloric, etc.). The scrubber or container should be equipped with a check valve or reverse flow trap in the line. This will prevent the acid solution from drawing back into the cylinders and reacting with methylamine. The resulting solution should be disposed of according to local, state, and federal regulations (CGA, 1990).
Waste management activities associated with material disposition are unique to individual situations. Proper waste characterization and decisions regarding waste management should be coordinated with the appropriate local, state, or federal authorities to ensure compliance with all applicable rules and regulations.

PHYSICAL TREATMENT

To dispose of methylamine, use controlled incineration in a incinerator equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit, to reduce nitrogen emissions (ITI, 1995; Sittig, 1991).

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE

Environmental release of methylamine may occur through various waste streams associated with its manufacture and use as chemical intermediate for industrial production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, photographic developers, insecticides, and fungicides. It is also used as a fuel additive and rocket propellant and may be introduced to the environment through those uses (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).
Methylamine can occur naturally in herring brine, dog urine, many vegetables and foods, and certain wild plants (e.g., Mentha aquatica) (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

Inhalation and dermal contact are the primary exposure routes for workers at chemical sites where methylamine is produced or used (HSDB, 2005).

POPULATION EXPOSURE

Ingestion of foods containing methylamine is the principal exposure route for the general population (HSDB, 2005).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

Methylamine typically exists solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere, given a vapor pressure of 2650 mm Hg at 25 degrees C (HSDB, 2005).
Methylamine degrades rapidly in the atmosphere through reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals. The half-life for this reaction is about 18 hours (range of 3 to 22 hours), based on a rate constant of 2.2 x 10(-11) cm(3)/molec-sec (26 degrees C) and a hydroxyl radical concentrations of 5 x 10(5) molecules/cm(3) and 4.1 x 10(5) molecules/cm(3) (HSDB, 2005; Verschueren, 2001; Howard, 1990).
Dissolution of methylamine into raindrops is perhaps the most important physical atmospheric removal process (Howard, 1990).
The reaction of methylamine and ozone, or methylamine and oxygen atoms are not important environmental fate processes. The half-life for these two reactions are about 1 and 1.6 years, respectively (Howard, 1990).
Release tests demonstrate atmospheric plume velocities for methylamine range from 0.2087 to 0.4000 m/sec. Test conditions entailed plume release through a 6.35 mm orifice, tank pressures of 99.63-26,854 kPa, a 270-kg storage cylinder pressurized to 150-250 kPa, and tank storage temperatures of -3.72 to 16.32 degrees K (Lantzy et al, 1990).
- Other tests demonstrate that superheats (19 K or higher) can completely atomize methylamine plumes into a dense mist (flash atomization) with no measurable methylamine raining out. Superheats at less than 9 K can create plumes of large droplets (hydraulic atomization) which can rain out virtually all the methylamine (Lantzy et al, 1990).

WATER

SURFACE WATER
- Methylamine typically volatilizes from water surfaces, given a Henry's Law constant of 1.11 x 10(-5) atm-m(3)/mole (HSDB, 2005).
- Hydrolysis is not an important removal process for methylamine in aqueous environments. The estimated hydrolytic half-life of methylamine is 199 years, based on a hydroxyl radical rate constant of 1.1 x 10(7)/M-sec at pH 5 and a hydroxyl radical concentration of 10(-7) M (Verschueren, 2001; Howard, 1990).
- Methylamine's potential to sorb to organic matter in sediment or suspended solids is weak, given its estimated organic carbon partition coefficient (Koc) of 12 (Howard, 1990).
- Biodegradation is considered an important environmental fate process for methylamine in aqueous systems (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).
GROUND WATER
- Methylamine is expected to readily leach through most soils to ground water (Howard, 1990).

SOIL

TERRESTRIAL
- Aqueous methylamine solutions can rapidly volatilize from surface soil. Methylamine can potentially volatilize from dry surface soil given its vapor pressure of 2650 mm Hg (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).
- Methylamine is expected to be moderately mobile in most soils, given organic carbon partition coefficients (Koc) of 389 and 449, observed on Alfisol agricultural soil (1.25% organic C) and Lake Constance subliminic sediment (1.58% organic C), respectively (HSDB, 2005).

ABIOTIC DEGRADATION

If released to the environment, methylamine usually exists solely in its vapor phase, where it rapidly degrades through reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals (half-life of 3 to 22 hours). Dissolution of methylamine into raindrops is an important physical atmospheric removal process. Methylamine can volatilize from surface waters, but this is not an important environmental fate process. Aqueous solutions of methylamine will volatilize from surface soil. Methylamine does not adsorb strongly to organic matter and can leach through soil to groundwater. Methylamine generally biodegrades in water and soil environments (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).

BIODEGRADATION

Biodegradation screening tests show several bacteria species can successfully degrade methylamine under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).

The aerobic bacterium, Pseudomonas sp MA, can grow using methylamine as a sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. Other non-methylotrophic bacteria can grow using methylamine as the sole nitrogen source in the presence of an organic compound mixture, but not with methylamine as the sole carbon source (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).
Mixed cultures from anaerobic marine sediments and pure cultures of Methanosarcina barkeri can degrade methylamine under aerobic conditions (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).

BIOACCUMULATION

FISH

- Methylamine's bioconcentration potential in fish and other aquatic organisms is generally considered low, given an estimated bioconcentration factor (BCF) less than 1 (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).

PLANTS

AQUATIC
- Reported bioaccumulation ratios for the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, range from 141 to 183, given an aqueous methylamine concentration of 2.15-8.14mcM (Howard, 1990).

BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR

Methylamine's bioconcentration potential is generally considered low. Its estimated bioconcentration factor (BCF) is less than 1, based on a log octanol water partition coefficient (log Kow) of -0.57 (HSDB, 2005; Howard, 1990).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

ECOTOXICITY VALUES

EC0 - WATER FLEA (Daphnia): 480 mg/L (Verschueren, 2001)
EC50 - BACTERIA (Photobacterium phosphoreum): 35 mg/L for 5 min (Microtox test) (Verschueren, 2001)
LC0 - ALGAE (Scenedesmus): 4 mg/L (Verschueren, 2001)
LC0 - BACTERIA (E. coli): 1,000 mg/L(Verschueren, 2001)
LC50 - FISH (Creek chub): 10-30 mg/L for 24H (Verschueren, 2001)

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

31.06

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

In its anhydrous form, methylamine is a flammable, colorless, toxic gas at normal temperature and pressure. It is easily liquefied and becomes a fuming liquid when cooled in an ice and salt mixture. Aqueous solutions of methylamine are a solution of the gas in water. Methylamine has a distinct and disagreeable fishy odor below 100 ppm (AAR, 1998; (ACGIH, 1991; Ashford, 1994; Budavari, 1996; CGA, 1990; Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Harbison, 1998; Lewis, 1997; Lewis, 1996; Verschueren, 1983).

Methylamine's distint odor can be detected at 10 ppm. The odor is strong at 20-100 ppm, and is intolerably ammonical at 100-500 ppm (CGA, 1990; Clayton & Clayton, 1994).

Methylamine is a medium strong base and is a slightly stronger base than ammonia (CGA, 1990; ILO, 1998).

pKb = 3.35 (at 25 degrees C) (ACGIH, 1991; Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Budavari, 1996; Snyder et al, 1990)
pKa = 10.65 (Clayton & Clayton, 1994)
pKa = 10.657 (Howard, 1990)

VAPOR PRESSURE

2160 mmHg (at 20 degrees C) (Snyder et al, 1990)

2622 mmHg (at 25 degrees C) (NFPA, 1994)

2650 mmHg (at 25 degrees C) (Howard, 1990)

290 kPa (ILO, 1998)

43.5 psia; 300 kPa abs (at 20 degrees C; 68 degrees F) (CGA, 1990)

3.1 atm (at 20 degrees C) (Verschueren, 1983)

2 atm (at 25 degrees C) (Clayton & Clayton, 1983)

4.3 atm (at 30 degrees C) (Verschueren, 1983)

NOTE: The vapor pressure of aqueous solutions of methylamine will range from 215-500 mmHg (NFPA, 1994).

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

GAS: 0.662 (at 20/4 degrees C) (Lewis, 1996)
LIQUID: 0.699 (at -10.8/4 degrees C) (Budavari, 1996; Lewis, 1996)

DENSITY

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

LIQUID: 0.67 kg/L (at 4 degrees C) (Ashford, 1994)
LIQUID: 663.2 kg/m(3); 41.4 lb/ft(3) (at 21.1 degrees C; 70 degrees F) (CGA, 1990)
LIQUID: 642.3 kg/m(3); 40.1 lb/ft(3) (at 40.5 degrees C; 105 degrees F) (CGA, 1990)
LIQUID: 637.5 kg/m(3); 39.8 lb/ft(3) (at 46.1 degrees C; 115 degrees F) (CGA, 1990)
LIQUID: 627.9 kg/m(3); 39.2 lb/ft(3) (at 54.4 degrees C; 130 degrees F) (CGA, 1990)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

FREEZING POINT

-92.5 degrees C (Lewis, 1997)
-93.5 degrees C; -136.3 degrees F (at 1 atm) (CGA, 1990)
-94 degrees C (Ashford, 1994)

MELTING POINT

-92.5 degrees C (Verschueren, 1983)
-93.5 degrees C (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1996; Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Howard, 1990; Lewis, 1996; Snyder et al, 1990)
-94 degrees C; -136 degrees F (ILO, 1998; NFPA, 1994)

BOILING POINT

-6 degrees C; 21 degrees F (Ashford, 1994; NFPA, 1994)

-6.3 degrees C (at 760 mmHg) (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1996; Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Howard, 1990; ILO, 1998; Lewis, 1996; Snyder et al, 1990)

-6.33 degrees C; 20.6 degrees F (at 1 atm) (CGA, 1990)

-6.5 degrees C (Verschueren, 1983)

-6.79 degrees C (Lewis, 1997)

-19.7 degrees C (at 400 mmHg) (Budavari, 1996)

-32.4 degrees C (at 200 mmHg) (Budavari, 1996)

-43.7 degrees C (at 100 mmHg) (Budavari, 1996)

-73.8 degrees C (at 10 mmHg) (Budavari, 1996)

NOTE: Boiling temperatures for aqueous solutions will be about 18.3-29.4 degrees C (65-85 degrees F) higher than those listed above (NFPA, 1994).

FLASH POINT

32 degrees F (closed cup) (Lewis, 1996)

0 degrees C; 32.5 degrees F (Budavari, 1996)

1.1 degrees C; 34 degrees F (30% solution) (TOC) (Clayton & Clayton, 1994)

-10 degrees C; 14 degrees F (gas) (Lewis, 1997)

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE

430 degrees C; 806 degrees F (CGA, 1990; ILO, 1998; Lewis, 1996; Lewis, 1997; NFPA, 1994)

EXPLOSIVE LIMITS

LOWER

4.9% (NFPA, 1994)
4.95% (Lewis, 1996)

UPPER

20.7% (NFPA, 1994)
20.75% (Lewis, 1996)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Methylamine is very soluble in water (ACGIH, 1991; Ashford, 1994; Clayton & Clayton, 1994; ILO, 1998; Lewis, 1997; NFPA, 1994).

One volume of water dissolves 1154 volumes of methylamine gas at 12.5 degrees C and 959 volumes at 25 degrees C (Budavari, 1996).
The solubility of methylamine in water, wt/wt, is 108% at 25 degrees C (77 degrees F) and 1 atm. This has also been expressed as 1,080,000 mg/L at 25 degrees C (CGA, 1990; Howard, 1990) Synder et al, 1990).

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

It is soluble in alcohol and oxygenated solvents and miscible with ether (ACGIH, 1991; Ashford, 1994; Lewis, 1996; Lewis, 1997) Synder et al, 1990).

100 mL of a saturated benzene solution contains 10.5 g methylamine at 25 degrees C (Budavari, 1996).

OTHER

Methylamine is a good solvent for many organic substances (Budavari, 1996).

OCTANOL/WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT

Log -0.57 (Howard, 1990)

HENRY'S CONSTANT

1.11x10(-5) atm-m(3)/mol (at 25 degrees C) (Howard, 1990)

OTHER/PHYSICAL

CRITICAL PRESSURE

7459.4 kPa abs; 1081.9 psia (CGA, 1990)

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

156.9 degrees C; 314.4 degrees F (CGA, 1990)

DISSOCIATION CONSTANT

pKb = 3.35 (at 25 degrees C) (ACGIH, 1991; Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Snyder et al, 1990)
pKa = 10.65 (Clayton & Clayton, 1994)
pKa = 10.657 (Howard, 1990)

HEAT OF FUSION

197.6 kJ/kg; 84.95 Btu/lb (at freezing point) (CGA, 1990)

INDEX OF REFRACTION

1.351 (at 25 degrees C) (Synder et al, 1990)

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METHYLAMINE

Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents