METHOXYETHOXY ETHANOL
HAZARDTEXT ®
Information to help in the initial response for evaluating chemical incidents
 -IDENTIFICATION
SYNONYMS
2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-ethanol 2,2'-oxybis-ethanol Diglycol monomethyl ether Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether DGME Methoxydiglycol Monomethyl ether Methyl Carbitol(R) Methyl digol Molecular Formula: C5-H12-O3 CAS 111-77-3 NIOSH/RTECS KL 6125000 Diethylne glycol methyl ether Diglycol (methoxyethoxy ethanol)
IDENTIFIERS
USES/FORMS/SOURCES
Methoxyethoxy ethanol (diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) is used when a solvent with a higher boiling point is required. It is used in lacquer thinners, quick drying varnishes, non-grain raising wood stains, latex paints, stamp pad inks, textile dye pastes, hydraulic brake fluids and anti-icing agent in aviation fuel. It is also used as a disinfectant and an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations (B'hymer et al, 2012; HSDB , 2002; Bingham et al, 2001). This glycol ether is an excellent coupling agent for preparing miscible organic-aqueous systems (HSDB , 2002; Bingham et al, 2001).
-CLINICAL EFFECTS
GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS
- USES: Methoxyethoxy ethanol (diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) is used when a solvent with a higher boiling point is required. It is used in lacquer thinners, quick drying varnishes, non-grain raising wood stains, latex paints, stamp pad inks, textile dye pastes, hydraulic brake fluids and anti-icing agent in aviation fuel. It is also used as a disinfectant and an inert ingredient in pesticide formulations.
- TOXICOLOGY: 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethanol is metabolized via alcohol dehydrogenase to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) acetaldehyde then to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) acetic acid (MEAA) via aldehyde dehydrogenase. MEAA is postulated to metabolize to diglycolic acid, which has been shown to cause human proximal tubule cell death in vitro.
- EPIDEMIOLOGY: Exposure is uncommon and serious human toxicity has not been reported.
MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: Moderately irritating to the eyes, causing transient corneal injury. Teratogenic in animal studies. SEVERE TOXICITY: No methoxyethoxy ethanol human exposure information was available. However, large and intentional exposures to other diglycol ethers have resulted in reports of CNS depression, metabolic acidosis, renal injury, and acute lung injury.
- Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.
ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS
TOXICOLOGY: 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethanol is metabolized via alcohol dehydrogenase to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) acetaldehyde then to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) acetic acid (MEAA) via aldehyde dehydrogenase. MEAA is postulated to metabolize to diglycolic acid, which has been shown to cause human proximal tubule cell death in vitro. EPIDEMIOLOGY: Exposure is uncommon and serious human toxicity has not been reported. MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: Moderately irritating to the eyes, causing transient corneal injury. Teratogenic in animal studies. SEVERE TOXICITY: No human methoxyethoxy ethanol exposure information was available. However, large and intentional exposures to other diglycol ethers have resulted in reports of CNS depression, metabolic acidosis, renal injury, and acute lung injury.
- Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether is a painful eye irritant, but does not cause permanent damage (Clayton & Clayton, 1982). It is not a skin irritant and has low oral toxicity in experimental animals (Clayton & Clayton, 1982). It can be absorbed through intact skin in harmful amounts, however, this should not be a problem except in extremely high-dose exposures (Clayton & Clayton, 1982).
- One source stated that it can cause severe CNS, metabolic, heart, lung, kidney, and liver effects, similar to those of DIETHYLENE GLYCOL (HSDB), but recent literature is not consistent with these observations.
CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS
- Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether was not a skin irritant or sensitizer in patch tests in humans (Clayton & Clayton, 1982). In a 30-day drinking water exposure study in rats, the no-effect dose was 0.19 gm/kg (Clayton & Clayton, 1982).
- When applied to the skin of guinea pigs at 0 to 1 gm/day for 13 weeks, it caused only slightly decreased spleen weight and mild histological changes in the testes (Hobson, 1986). Rats inhaling a saturated atmosphere for 13 weeks suffered no ill effects (Miller et al, 1985).
-FIRST AID
FIRST AID AND PREHOSPITAL TREATMENT
- Prehospital gastrointestinal decontamination is not recommended after ingestion because of the risk of CNS and respiratory depression and aspiration. Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If present, carefully remove contact lens.
-RANGE OF TOXICITY
MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE
ORAL EXPOSURE NO EFFECT: No tissue abnormalities were noted on microscopic examination of rats exposed for 30 days to 0.19 gram/kilogram diethylene glycol monomethyl ether in their drinking water (Bingham et al, 2001). Rats survived exposures up to 1.83 grams/kilogram of diethylene glycol methyl ether for 30 days in their drinking (Bingham et al, 2001).
INHALATION EXPOSURE NO EFFECT: Was noted in body weights, organ weights, hematological analyses, clinical chemistry analyses, urinalyses, and gross and histopathological examinations following a 13-week vapor inhalation toxicity study in 344 rats exposed to up to 216 parts per million of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (Miller et al, 1985).
- Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS111-77-3 :
ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed
TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES
- EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):
-STANDARDS AND LABELS
WORKPLACE STANDARDS
- ACGIH TLV Values for CAS111-77-3 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):
- AIHA WEEL Values for CAS111-77-3 (AIHA, 2006):
- NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS111-77-3 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):
- OSHA PEL Values for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):
- OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):
ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS
- EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):
- EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):
- EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):
- EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):
- EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS111-77-3 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):
- DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS111-77-3 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):
- EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS111-77-3 (EPA, 2005):
LABELS
- NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS111-77-3 (NFPA, 2002):
-PERSONAL PROTECTION
SUMMARY
- Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
- CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 111-77-3.
-PHYSICAL HAZARDS
FIRE HAZARD
- FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION
- NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS111-77-3 (NFPA, 2002):
- FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
- Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.
- NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS111-77-3 (NFPA, 2002):
EVACUATION PROCEDURES
- Editor's Note: An ERG guide with information appropriate to this material does not exist.
- AIHA ERPG Values for CAS111-77-3 (AIHA, 2006):
- DOE TEEL Values for CAS111-77-3 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):
Listed as Methoxyethoxy)-ethanol, 2-(2- (Diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) TEEL-0 (units = ppm): 1.5 TEEL-1 (units = ppm): 4 TEEL-2 (units = ppm): 20 TEEL-3 (units = ppm): 20 Definitions: TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects. TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure. TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape. TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.
- AEGL Values for CAS111-77-3 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):
- NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS111-77-3 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):
CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS
-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE
- Colorless, hygroscopic liquid with mild, pleasant (ether-like) odor and bitter taste (HSDB , 2002).
VAPOR PRESSURE
- 0.2 mmHg (at 20 degrees C) (Sax & Lewis, 1989)
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
- OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE
1.0211 (at 20/4 degrees C) (Sax & Lewis, 1987) 1.035 (at 20/4 degrees C) (Budavari, 1989)
DENSITY
- OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE
FREEZING/MELTING POINT
BOILING POINT
- 193 degrees C (HSDB , 2002)
FLASH POINT
- 93.3 degrees C (open cup) (Sax & Lewis, 1987; Budavari, 1989)
SOLUBILITY
ACETONE: Miscible (HSDB , 2002) ALCOHOL: Miscible (HSDB , 2002) BENZENE: Soluble in all proportions (HSDB , 2002) DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE: Miscible (HSDB , 2002) ETHER: Miscible (HSDB , 2002) GLYCEROL: Miscible (HSDB , 2002)
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