MAGNESIUM OXIDE

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

MOLECULAR FORMULA

Mg-O

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

138-SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE (EMITTING FLAMMABLE GASES)

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

Magnesium oxide is used in ceramics, pharmaceuticals, as an acid neutralizing agent, laxative, white color standard, and in food additives and casein glue (ACGIH, 1986; Budavari, 1996). It is also used in refractories, electrical insulation, and cosmetics, as a rubber accelerator, in paper manufacturing, in fertilizers, semiconductors, adsorption media, and catalysis, and in scrubbing sulfur dioxide from effluent gases (Lewis, 1993).

FORMS

MAGNESIUM OXIDE is a white, very fine, odorless powder solid which is slightly soluble in water and readily dissolved by acids (ACGIH, 1992; Budavari, 1996; Lewis, 1993). It occurs in nature as the mineral periclase (HSDB).
Magnesium oxide can occur in a light, fluffy, or dense form (ACGIH, 1992; Lewis, 1993). It forms magnesium hydroxide upon reaction with water (ACGIH, 1992). Magnesium oxide hydrates slowly when in contact with moisture and evolves into a cement-like hardness (HSDB).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Inhalation or contact with vapors, substance or decomposition products may cause severe injury or death.
May produce corrosive solutions on contact with water.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

Approximately 5 to 10 percent of an oral dose of magnesium oxide can be systemically absorbed (ACGIH, 1992). Exposure to magnesium oxide dust or fume has been reported to produce slight irritation of the eyes and nose (Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Hathaway et al, 1991).

In a group of 95 exposed workers, serum magnesium levels were above the normal upper limit, indicating that magnesium oxide can be systemically absorbed by the inhalation exposure route (Clayton & Clayton, 1994; Hathaway et al, 1991).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Inhalation of magnesium oxide FUME can result in METAL FUME FEVER (Drinker, 1927). Metal fume fever is a flu-like condition consisting of fever, chills, sweating, aches and pains, cough, weakness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and breathing difficulty. Symptoms typically begin within a few hours after exposure and resolve within 24-48 hours with no permanent sequelae. Metal fume fever resulting from magnesium oxide fumes has reportedly occurred in foundry workers (Hartmann, 1983).

Metal fume fever has been produced in rats; the no-effect level following chronic exposure up to 120 days was an airborne concentration of at least 1 mg/m(3) (Pazynic & Cincevic, 1983; Pazynich, 1984).

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, wipe from skin immediately; flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

INHALATION EXPOSURE -

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.

DERMAL EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).

EYE EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE -

Persons who ingest large amounts of magnesium oxide should be given milk or water to dilute the substance, and medical help should be sought.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

A probable oral lethal dose for humans is 0.5 to 5 g/kg, or between 1 ounce and one pint (or 1 pound) for a 70-kg person (HSDB , 1993).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE

Experiments with humans indicate that inhalational exposure to magnesium oxide fume at a concentration of approximately 400 to 600 mg/m(3) for 10 minutes will cause mild reactions. Based on these and other experiments, signs would probably appear in a dose-related manner (ACGIH, 1986).
Human volunteers taking 400 mg magnesium oxide orally twice daily for 60 days showed no change in weight, height, blood pressure, serum potassium, serum magnesium, or lipid profile (HSDB , 1993).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS1309-48-4 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): A4 ; Listed as: Magnesium oxide

A4 :Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen: Agents which cause concern that they could be carcinogenic for humans but which cannot be assessed conclusively because of a lack of data. In vitro or animal studies do not provide indications of carcinogenicity which are sufficient to classify the agent into one of the other categories.

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed ; Listed as: Magnesium oxide fume
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

References: Lewis, 1992 RTECS, 1993
- TCLo- (INHALATION)HUMAN:
- TDLo- (INTRATRACHEAL)HAMSTER:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS1309-48-4 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

Magnesium oxide

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 10 mg/m(3)
TLV-STEL:
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: A4
Codes: I
Definitions:

A4: Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen: Agents which cause concern that they could be carcinogenic for humans but which cannot be assessed conclusively because of a lack of data. In vitro or animal studies do not provide indications of carcinogenicity which are sufficient to classify the agent into one of the other categories.
I: Inhalable fraction; see Appendix C, paragraph A (of TLV booklet).

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s):
Molecular Weight: 40.32

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS1309-48-4 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS1309-48-4 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Listed as: Magnesium oxide fume
REL:

TWA:
STEL:
Ceiling:
Carcinogen Listing: (Not Listed) Not Listed
Skin Designation: Not Listed
Note(s): See Appendix D

IDLH:

IDLH: 750 mg/m3
Note(s): Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Listed as: Magnesium oxide fume (Total particulate)
Table Z-1 for Magnesium oxide fume (Total particulate):

8-hour TWA:

ppm:

Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25 degrees C and 760 torr.

mg/m3: 15

Milligrams of substances per cubic meter of air. When entry is in this column only, the value is exact; when listed with a ppm entry, it is approximate.

Ceiling Value:
Skin Designation: No
Notation(s): Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS1309-48-4 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS1309-48-4 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS1309-48-4 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Magnesium oxide (MgO)

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS1309-48-4 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

STORAGE

CONTAINER

Store magnesium oxide in containers sealed against exposure to air and water (HSDB , 1993).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 1309-48-4.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Produce flammable gases on contact with water.
- May ignite on contact with water or moist air.
- Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water.
- May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- May re-ignite after fire is extinguished.
- Some are transported in highly flammable liquids.
- Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.
Magnesium oxide alone is non-combustible (Sax & Lewis, 1987).
It reacts violently with interhalogens (bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride), and produces flame. When combined with phosphorus pentachloride, it incandesces (Lewis, 1992; Bretherick, 1990; NFPA, 1991; HSDB , 1993).
Magnesium oxide may ignite and explode when heated with sublimed sulfur, magnesium powder, or aluminum powder (ITI, 1988).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS1309-48-4 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

DO NOT USE WATER or FOAM.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, soda ash, lime or sand.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

DRY sand, dry chemical, soda ash or lime or withdraw from area and let fire burn.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

LITHIUM OR MAGNESIUM FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Magnesium Fires:

DRY sand, sodium chloride powder, graphite powder or Met-L-X® powder.

Lithium Fires:

DRY sand, sodium chloride powder, graphite powder, copper powder or Lith-X® powder.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS1309-48-4 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

Magnesium oxide is non-combustible (Sax & Lewis, 1987) AAR, 1987).

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

Magnesium oxide alone is non-combustible (Sax & Lewis, 1987) AAR, 1987). However, whenever magnesium is heated, including in a fire, magnesium oxide fume is produced. This fume can cause metal fume fever, a flu-like illness with fever and leukocytosis (ACGIH, 1986).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

Magnesium oxide may ignite and explode when heated with sublimed sulfur, magnesium powder, or aluminum powder (ITI, 1988).

It reacts violently with interhalogens (bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride), and produces flame. When combined with phosphorus pentachloride, it incandesces (Lewis, 1992; Bretherick, 1990; NFPA, 1991; HSDB , 1993).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

Magnesium oxide dust may irritate the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes (Lewis, 1992).

The fumes of burning magnesium may cause a metal fume fever syndrome, including flu-like symptoms, fever, and leukocytosis (Hathaway et al, 1991; Lewis, 1992).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Magnesium oxide may ignite and explode when heated with sublimed sulfur, magnesium powder, or aluminum powder (ITI, 1988).

It reacts violently with interhalogens (bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride), and produces flame. When combined with phosphorus pentachloride, it incandesces (Lewis, 1992; Bretherick, 1990; NFPA, 1991; HSDB , 1993).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

LARGE SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and 25 meters (75 feet) for solids in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate the area before entry.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS1309-48-4 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS1309-48-4 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Magnesium oxide
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 15
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 30
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 50
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 500
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS1309-48-4 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS1309-48-4 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

IDLH: 750 mg/m3
Note(s): Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.
- DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers.
POWDER SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading and keep powder dry.
- DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
Powdered magnesium oxide may be dumped into a landfill site (ITI, 1988).

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

SMALL SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.
- Dike for later disposal; do not apply water unless directed to do so.

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

WATER: Magnesium oxide may cause alkalinization of water, rendering it inhospitable to aquatic life. Try to keep magnesium oxide away from waterways.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

OTHER

OTHER
- At the time of this review, there was no information in the literature on the environmental kinetics this compound.

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

At the time of this review, there was no information in the literature on the environmental toxicity of this compound.

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

40.32 (Budavari, 1989)

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Magnesium oxide is an odorless, white, bulky, very fine powder. Two forms are produced, "light" and "heavy" powders (Sax & Lewis, 1987; Lewis, 1992).

Approximately 10.3 (saturated aqueous solution) (Budavari, 1989).

DENSITY

NORMAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

(25 degrees C; 77 degrees F and 760 mmHg)
3.58 g/cm(3) (HSDB , 1993)

TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE NOT LISTED

Approximately 0.36 g/cm(3)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

MELTING POINT

2800 degrees C (Budavari, 1989)

FLASH POINT

3600 degrees C (Sax & Lewis, 1987)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Very slightly soluble in pure water (Budavari, 1989; Sax & Lewis, 1987).

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Insoluble in alcohol (Budavari, 1989; Sax & Lewis, 1987).

OTHER

Soluble in dilute acids and ammonium salt solutions. Solubility is increased by the presence of CO2 (Budavari, 1989; Sax & Lewis, 1987).

OTHER/PHYSICAL

INDEX OF REFRACTION

1.736 degrees C/D

-REFERENCES

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Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents