MAGNESIUM

1869-Magnesium
1869-Magnesium, in pellets, turning or ribbons
1869-Magnesium alloys, with more than 50% Magnesium, in pellets, turnings or ribbons
1418-Magnesium powder

MOLECULAR FORMULA

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

138-SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE (EMITTING FLAMMABLE GASES)(for UN/NA Numbers1869and1418)

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

Magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) is one of the most commonly employed household purgatives. Hypermagnesemia has occurred following irrigation of the renal pelvis with magnesium-containing urologic solutions for dissolution of struvite urinary stones (Jenny et al, 1978; Cato & Tulloch, 1974; Wilson et al, 1986).

FORMS

Several "non absorbed" antacids contain magnesium including Maalox(R), Camalox(R), Ducon(R), Milk of Magnesia, Mylanta(R), Digel(R), Gelusil(R). See content below.

Table 1. Magnesium Content of Pharmaceuticals (1 mEq = 12 mg)
Product	Magnesium (mg)	Magnesium (mEq)
Gelusil susp	82/5 mL	6.8/5 mL
Gelusil M susp	82/5 mL	6.8/5 mL
Maalox susp	82/5 mL	6.8/5 mL
Maalox Plus	82/5 mL	6.8/5 mL
Maalox TC	124/5 mL	10.3/5 mL
Magnesium gluconate tablet	27/500 mg	2.25/tab
Chelated Magnesium tablet	100 mg/500 mg	8.3/tab
Mg plus Protein	133 mg/tablet	11.1/tab
Magnesium sulfate	2880/30 g	240/30 g
Magnesium sulfate inj 10%	97.56/10 mL	8.1/10 mL
Magnesium sulfate inj 50%	97.56/2 mL	8.1/2 mL
Mylanta	82/5 mL	6.8/5 mL
Mylanta II	164/5 mL	13.7/5 mL
Suby G	228/100 mL	19/100 mL
Magnesium citrate	2,880/300 mL	240/300 mL
Magnesium hydroxide	408/g	34/g
Milk of Magnesia	995/30 mL	83/30 mL

Renacidin contains magnesium hydroxycarbonate 75-87 grams and magnesium acid citrate 9 to 15 grams per 300 gram bottle. Urogate (Suby G) solution contains 0.38% magnesium oxide.
DOLOMITE, a natural source of magnesium and calcium, was reported by Roberts (1981) to contain the following minerals and toxic metals
SUBSTANCE CONCENTRATION (ppm)
Aluminum 187.1
Arsenic 24.0
Cadmium 2.3
Chromium 76.7
Iron 305.7
Lead 34.9
Manganese 91.3
Mercury 11.6
Nickel 12.9
Phosphorus 92.0
Silicon 41.8
Zinc 10.6
Hypermagnesemia with hypercalcemia occurred following ingestion of Dead Sea water while bathing. Dead Sea water contains high concentrations of bromide, calcium, magnesium, and sodium (Oren et al, 1987).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

USES: Magnesium is available in many forms and has many different medical uses, including as an antacid and laxative, anticonvulsant, treatment of torsades de pointes, pre-eclampsia, management of acute asthma exacerbation, hydrofluoric acid ingestion, enema, and electrolyte supplement. Magnesium is an essential electrolyte in the body and is a cofactor in many enzyme systems. Industrially, magnesium is used as a component of aluminum alloys, in die-casting alloyed with zinc, to remove sulfur in the production of iron and steel, and for the production of titanium.

PHARMACOLOGY: When taken orally, magnesium promotes bowel evacuation by osmotic retention of fluid which distends the colon and increases peristaltic activity. Parenteral magnesium decreases acetylcholine in motor nerve terminals and acts on myocardium by slowing rate of S-A node impulse formation and prolonging conduction time as well as stabilizing excitable membranes. Magnesium is also necessary for the movement of other electrolytes (calcium, sodium and potassium) in and out of cell.

TOXICOLOGY: In overdose, magnesium impairs neuromuscular transmission, manifested as weakness and hyporeflexia.

EPIDEMIOLOGY: Thousands of exposures occur every year, but severe manifestations are very rare. Severe toxicity is most common after intravenous infusion over multiple hours (usually for pre-eclampsia), and can occur after chronic excessive doses, especially in the setting of renal insufficiency. Severe toxicity has been reported after acute ingestion but is very rare.

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: Nausea and vomiting are common with oral exposure. Flushing can occur most often with intravenous administration. Magnesium dust can irritate the eye and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract causing an atrophic nasopharyngitis. Metal fume fever can result from inhalation of magnesium fumes.
SEVERE TOXICITY: Severe toxicity occurs most often after intravenous infusions. It can also occur after chronic excessive oral doses, often in patients with renal insufficiency. Early manifestations are lethargy, hyporeflexia, followed by weakness, paralysis, hypotension, ECG changes (prolonged PR and QRS intervals), CNS depression, seizures, and respiratory depression.

WITH THERAPEUTIC USE

Adverse effects seen with magnesium sulfate include adverse effects on neuromuscular function and flushing (IV, dose-related), hypotension (IV, rate-related), and vasodilation (IV, rare-related). Magnesium sulfate may also cause diarrhea. Magnesium hydroxide has many drug interactions secondary to its antacid effect.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Inhalation or contact with vapors, substance or decomposition products may cause severe injury or death.
May produce corrosive solutions on contact with water.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

Powdered or splintered magnesium metal can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Spicules can penetrate eyes or wounds and retard healing (Clayton & Clayton, 1994). Magnesium OXIDE is formed in WELDING fume and can cause metal fume fever with flu-like symptoms which generally subside in one or two days (Clayton & Clayton, 1994).
Magnesium salts are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. If injected intravenously, magnesium ion can cause TETANUS. When injected subcutaneously, magnesium causes a unique gas gangrene-like condition.

WITH THERAPEUTIC USE

Magnesium sulfate infusion prolonged bleeding time by 48% in human volunteers and significantly inhibited platelet aggregation, which might be responsible for the beneficial effects of magnesium salts when given to patients with myocardial infarction (Ravn et al, 1996).
Magnesium may decrease the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias when ischemia is present because it renders the myocardium less sensitive to high potassium and catecholamine levels (Horner, 1996). It also suppresses thrombus formation and reduces infarct size (Shechter et al, 1996). It appears to be of maximum benefit when administered as early as possible, prior to myocardial reperfusion (Shechter et al, 1996; Woods, 1996). Magnesium sulfate failed to improve the survival rate of patients with acute myocardial infarction in the ISIS-4 trial and sparked an intense debate over its possible benefits in acute myocardial infarction (Teo et al, 1996; Woods, 1996).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

There are no reports of serious industrial poisonings with magnesium (Clayton & Clayton, 1994).
Magnesium deficiency is not known to be detrimental in humans (Shils & Rude, 1996). Lower magnesium levels in monocytes were predictive of higher mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction, and lower serum magnesium levels were present in those patients who had cardiac arrhythmias during myocardial infarction (Horner, 1996).
Odds ratios for deaths from acute myocardial infarction were inversely related to drinking water magnesium levels in a group of 854 Swedish men (Rubenowitz et al, 1996).

ANIMAL STUDIES: In guinea pigs, inhalation of magnesium caused temporary vacuolization in the which did not lead to fibrosis or tumors (Clayton & Clayton, 1994). In a 13 week oral magnesium toxicity study in rats, renal tubular cell vacuolization was noted in males only; weight loss was noted in both sexes (Tanaka et al, 1994).

-FIRST AID

FIRST AID AND PREHOSPITAL TREATMENT

PREHOSPITAL: Gastrointestinal decontamination is not indicated as activated charcoal does not bind to magnesium. Wash exposed skin with soap and water; irrigate exposed eyes.

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, wipe from skin immediately; flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

CASE REPORTS

Death secondary to bowel perforation was reported in a 55-year-old woman following administration of 120 grams of magnesium sulfate and 6 doses of sorbitol for treatment of an aspirin overdose (Brent et al, 1989).
Accidental IV bolus injection of 20 grams of magnesium sulfate instead of 2 grams, for alcohol withdrawal, resulted in cardiac arrest in 2 males. One patient recovered and the other died 3 days later (Vissers & Purssell, 1995).
Fatal hypermagnesemia from mega-mineral and dietary supplements was reported in 2 children. One child was resuscitated from cardiac arrest but then died within 24 hours following persistent bradycardia and heart block (McGuire et al, 2000; Kulkarni et al, 1999).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

Patients in renal failure and patients with metabolic derangements, such as those with anorexia nervosa and IV drug users, may develop magnesium toxicity at lower doses (Gren & Woolf, 1989; Spital & Greenwell, 1991).

ACUTE

MULTIPLE DOSE ACTIVATED CHARCOAL/MAGNESIUM SULFATE

Elevated serum magnesium levels can occur in overdose patients with normal renal function following as few as 3 doses of 30 grams of magnesium sulfate every 4 hours as part of a multiple-dose activated charcoal/cathartic regimen (Smilkstein et al, 1988a).
A single 30 gram magnesium sulfate dose did not produce elevated serum magnesium levels in this same setting (Smilkstein et al, 1988a).
Symptomatic hypermagnesemia has been described in patients with normal renal function receiving magnesium sulfate in combination with multiple-dose activated charcoal.

Doses of 100 grams every 4 hours (total magnesium 90 grams) (Fassler et al, 1985) and 75 g/hr for 6 doses (total magnesium 44.6 grams) (Smilkstein et al, 1988).

Single doses of 30 grams of magnesium sulfate produced no significant elevation in magnesium serum levels in a study of 10 overdose patients.

In 14 patients who received 3 doses at 0, 4, and 8 hours after admission, serum magnesium levels were significantly elevated in 9 patients (2.2 to 5 mEq/L). All had normal baseline renal function (Smilkstein et al, 1988a).

ADULT

CASE REPORT: A 65-year-old man with a history of colon adenocarcinoma who was admitted for management of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia secondary to diarrhea, developed lightheadedness, a heavy feeling in his arms, slurred speech, and a reduced Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12/15 after receiving IV infusions of potassium chloride and magnesium sulfate. No hemorrhage or evidence of acute ischemic injury was observed in a CT scan of the head. Laboratory results revealed an elevated magnesium concentration (3.55 mmol/L). At this time, it was determined that the magnesium infusion was inadvertently prepared using 50 mL (five 10 mL ampoules) of magnesium sulfate 50% (2 mmol/mL) instead of 6 mL of magnesium sulfate 50% (100 mmol [25 g of magnesium IV over about 2 hours instead of the prescribed 12 mmol [3 g]). He recovered gradually over the next 6 hours following supportive care. His magnesium concentrations 10 hours after the overdose and the following day were 1.57 mmol/L and 0.86 mmol/L, respectively (Cavell et al, 2015).
CASE REPORT: A woman developed asystole approximately 6 hours after ingesting 50 grams of Epsom salts (400 mEq magnesium). After resuscitation, prolonged QT and QRS complexes developed. She improved over 7 days with supportive therapy (Qureshi & Melonakos, 1996).
CASE REPORT: Symptomatic hypermagnesemia was reported following ingestion of 3 tablespoonfuls (750 mmol) of magnesium sulfate in an adult with normal renal function (Gerard et al, 1988).
CASE REPORT: A 36-year-old pregnant woman at 32 weeks gestation with a diagnosis of preeclampsia and HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets) syndrome, underwent an emergent cesarean delivery under general anesthesia and delivered a live male infant with Apgar scores of 4 and 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Because of suboptimal uterine tone noted about 10 minutes after delivery, the obstetrician requested an increase in the rate of the oxytocin infusion from 125 mL/hr to 240 mL/hr. However, the anesthetist inadvertently increased the magnesium infusion from 12.5 mL/hr to 240 mL/hr. After surgery was completed, there were no signs of arousal and tidal volume was only 30 mL. At this time, magnesium toxicity was considered and it was estimated that the patient had received about 13 g of magnesium over 40 minutes. An ECG showed markedly peaked T-waves. Following supportive care, including the administration of 10 mL of IV 10% calcium gluconate, her tidal volume increased to about 250 mL and she opened her eyes to command. Since she still had an erratic respiratory pattern and could not move her limbs or fingers, she was re-sedated and given another 10 mL bolus of 10% calcium gluconate, normal saline 1 L, furosemide 20 mg, and a dextrose-insulin infusion (human Actrapid 10 units in 50 mL of 50% glucose over 1 hours). Her condition improved within 30 minutes of the dextrose-insulin infusion as observed by her ECG and normalizing respiratory pattern. Her condition continued to improve over the next few days and she was discharged on day 5. Her infant underwent invasive ventilation, and was discharged after 34 days of hospitalization in good condition (McDonnell et al, 2010).

PEDIATRIC

CASE REPORT: Hypermagnesemia (14.9 mg/dL) was reported in a 14-year-old girl after receiving 18 g/day of a magnesium hydroxide-containing cathartic for 7 days. Following supportive therapy and hemodialysis, she made a full recovery and was discharged without recurrence of hypermagnesemia (Kutsal et al, 2007).
CASE REPORT: Hypermagnesemia with associated lethargy and apneic episodes occurred in a 6-week-old infant following administration of 16 doses of 1/3 of a teaspoon of magnesium hydroxide suspension containing 550 mg/10 mL during a 48 hour period (Alison & Bulugahapitiya, 1990).
CASE REPORT: A 25-day-old infant survived after receiving a total of 1297.4 mg elemental magnesium (381.6 mg/kg/day) (Mofenson & Caraccio, 1991).

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE

RECTAL

Acute magnesium toxicity, (magnesium 7.1 mmol/L) was reported in a 25-month-old female following administration and retention of a single magnesium sulfate enema containing 32.5 grams magnesium sulfate (Ashton et al, 1990).

INTRATHECAL

A 23-year-old woman, 22 weeks pregnant, suffered transient (6 hours) paralysis of her legs after receiving 2 mL of 50% magnesium sulfate intrathecally for insertion of a McDonald stitch for incompetent cervix. Six weeks later the patient miscarried, but it is not known if this was related to her incompetent cervix, the magnesium, or neither event (Lejuste, 1985).

EPIDURAL

A 26-year-old parturient patient inadvertently received up to 3 grams of magnesium sulfate via epidural infusion. She later delivered a normal infant via Cesarean section and seemed to suffer no long-term effects (Dror & Henriksen, 1987).
Two pregnant women in labor who inadvertently received magnesium sulfate in their epidural space, did not develop any evidence of neurological toxicity. One patient received 87 mL (8.7 g) of magnesium sulfate over approximately 1 hour and the second patient received 96 mL (9.6 g) of magnesium sulfate over 6.5 hours (Goodman et al, 2006).

INTRAVENOUS

A 23-year-old parturient patient received approximately 200 grams magnesium sulfate via intravenous infusion over 24 hours, then inadvertently received 20 grams over 15 minutes. The patient required intubation and intensive care, and survived despite a blood magnesium level of 38.7 mg/dL (Bohman & Cotton, 1990).
A pregnant woman with severe pre-eclampsia who required an emergency caesarean section received a loading dose of magnesium sulfate (4 g of 50% solution [8 mL]) followed by an entire syringe (25 g) of magnesium sulfate over approximately 40 minutes. ECG remained normal and she did not develop any symptoms of magnesium toxicity. Another pregnant woman with an eclamptic seizure received a loading dose of magnesium and approximately 13 g of magnesium sulfate. She did not develop any symptoms of magnesium toxicity (Buettner, 2011).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS7439-95-4 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

MAGNESIUM SULFATE
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (SUBCUTANEOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (SUBCUTANEOUS)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS7439-95-4 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Not Listed

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS7439-95-4 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS7439-95-4 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS7439-95-4 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS7439-95-4 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS7439-95-4 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Magnesium

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1869 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Magnesium or Magnesium alloys with more than 50 percent magnesium in pellets, turnings or ribbons

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 4.1

4.1: Flammable solid. See 49 CFR section 173.124 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1869
Packing Group: III

III: Packing Group III - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is minor.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 4.1

4.1: Flammable Solid.

Special Provisions: A1, IB8, IP3

A1: Single packagings are not permitted on passenger aircraft.
IB8: Authorized IBCs: Metal (11A, 11B, 11N, 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (11H1, 11H2, 21H1, 21H2, 31H1 and 31H2); Composite (11HZ1, 11HZ2, 21HZ1, 21HZ2, 31HZ1 and 31HZ2); Fiberboard (11G); Wooden (11C, 11D and 11F); Flexible (13H1, 13H2, 13H3, 13H4, 13H5, 13L1, 13L2, 13L3, 13L4, 13M1 or 13M2).
IP3: Flexible IBCs must be sift-proof and water-resistant or must be fitted with a sift-proof and water-resistant liner.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 151
Non-bulk packaging: 213
Bulk packaging: 240

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 25 kg
Cargo aircraft only: 100 kg

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: A

A: The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel.

Vessel stowage other: 39, 52, 53, 74, 101

39: Stow "away from" liquid halogenated hydrocarbons.
52: Stow "separated from" acids.
53: Stow "separated from" alkaline compounds.
74: Stow "separated from" oxidizers.
101: Stow "separated from" iron oxide.

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1418 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Magnesium, powder or Magnesium alloys, powder

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 4.3

4.3: Dangerous when wet material. See 49 CFR section 173.124 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1418
Packing Group: I

I: Packing Group I - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is great.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 4.3, 4.2

4.3: Dangerous When Wet.
4.2: Spontaneously Combustible.

Special Provisions: A19, B56

A19: Combination packagings consisting of outer fiber drums or plywood drums, with inner plastic packagings, are not authorized for transportation by aircraft.
B56: Water-tight, sift-proof, closed-top, metal-covered hopper cars are also authorized if the particle size of the hazardous material is not less than 149 microns.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: None
Non-bulk packaging: 211
Bulk packaging: 244

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: Forbidden
Cargo aircraft only: 15 kg

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: A

A: The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel.

Vessel stowage other: 39, 52

39: Stow "away from" liquid halogenated hydrocarbons.
52: Stow "separated from" acids.

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Magnesium, powder or Magnesium alloys, powder

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 4.3

4.3: Dangerous when wet material. See 49 CFR section 173.124 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1418
Packing Group: II

II: Packing Group II - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is medium.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 4.3, 4.2

4.3: Dangerous When Wet.
4.2: Spontaneously Combustible.

Special Provisions: A19, B56, IB5, IP2, T3, TP33

A19: Combination packagings consisting of outer fiber drums or plywood drums, with inner plastic packagings, are not authorized for transportation by aircraft.
B56: Water-tight, sift-proof, closed-top, metal-covered hopper cars are also authorized if the particle size of the hazardous material is not less than 149 microns.
IB5: Authorized IBCs: Metal (11A, 11B, 11N, 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (11H1, 11H2, 21H1, 21H2, 31H1 and 31H2); Composite (11HZ1, 21HZ1 and 31HZ1).
IP2: When IBCs other than metal or rigid plastics IBCs are used, they must be offered for transportation in a closed freight container or a closed transport vehicle.
T3: Minimum test pressure (bar): 2.65; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(2).
TP33: The portable tank instruction assigned for this substance applies for granular and powdered solids and for solids which are filled and discharged at temperatures above their melting point which are cooled and transported as a solid mass. Solid substances transported or offered for transport above their melting point are authorized for transportation in portable tanks conforming to the provisions of portable tank instruction T4 for solid substances of packing group III or T7 for solid substances of packing group II, unless a tank with more stringent requirements for minimum shell thickness, maximum allowable working pressure, pressure-relief devices or bottom outlets are assigned in which case the more stringent tank instruction and special provisions shall apply. Filling limits must be in accordance with portable tank special provision TP3. Solids meeting the defnintion of an elevated temperature material must be transported in accordance with the applicable requirements of this subchapter.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: None
Non-bulk packaging: 212
Bulk packaging: 241

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 15 kg
Cargo aircraft only: 50 kg

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: A

A: The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel.

Vessel stowage other: 39, 52

39: Stow "away from" liquid halogenated hydrocarbons.
52: Stow "separated from" acids.

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Magnesium, powder or Magnesium alloys, powder

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 4.3

4.3: Dangerous when wet material. See 49 CFR section 173.124 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1418
Packing Group: III

III: Packing Group III - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is minor.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 4.3, 4.2

4.3: Dangerous When Wet.
4.2: Spontaneously Combustible.

Special Provisions: A19, B56, IB8, IP4, T1, TP33

A19: Combination packagings consisting of outer fiber drums or plywood drums, with inner plastic packagings, are not authorized for transportation by aircraft.
B56: Water-tight, sift-proof, closed-top, metal-covered hopper cars are also authorized if the particle size of the hazardous material is not less than 149 microns.
IB8: Authorized IBCs: Metal (11A, 11B, 11N, 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (11H1, 11H2, 21H1, 21H2, 31H1 and 31H2); Composite (11HZ1, 11HZ2, 21HZ1, 21HZ2, 31HZ1 and 31HZ2); Fiberboard (11G); Wooden (11C, 11D and 11F); Flexible (13H1, 13H2, 13H3, 13H4, 13H5, 13L1, 13L2, 13L3, 13L4, 13M1 or 13M2).
IP4: Flexible, fiberboard or wooden IBCs must be sift-proof and water-resistant or be fitted with a sift-proof and water-resistant liner.
T1: Minimum test pressure (bar): 1.5; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(2).
TP33: The portable tank instruction assigned for this substance applies for granular and powdered solids and for solids which are filled and discharged at temperatures above their melting point which are cooled and transported as a solid mass. Solid substances transported or offered for transport above their melting point are authorized for transportation in portable tanks conforming to the provisions of portable tank instruction T4 for solid substances of packing group III or T7 for solid substances of packing group II, unless a tank with more stringent requirements for minimum shell thickness, maximum allowable working pressure, pressure-relief devices or bottom outlets are assigned in which case the more stringent tank instruction and special provisions shall apply. Filling limits must be in accordance with portable tank special provision TP3. Solids meeting the defnintion of an elevated temperature material must be transported in accordance with the applicable requirements of this subchapter.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: None
Non-bulk packaging: 213
Bulk packaging: 241

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 25 kg
Cargo aircraft only: 100 kg

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: A

A: The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel.

Vessel stowage other: 39, 52

39: Stow "away from" liquid halogenated hydrocarbons.
52: Stow "separated from" acids.

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1869 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Magnesium in pellets, turnings or ribbons
UN Number: 1869
Proper Shipping Name: Magnesium alloys with more than 50% magnesium in pellets, turnings or ribbons
UN Number: 1869

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1418 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Magnesium alloys powder
UN Number: 1418
Proper Shipping Name: Magnesium powder
UN Number: 1418

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS7439-95-4 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 7439-95-4.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Produce flammable gases on contact with water.
- May ignite on contact with water or moist air.
- Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water.
- May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- May re-ignite after fire is extinguished.
- Some are transported in highly flammable liquids.
- Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS7439-95-4 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

DO NOT USE WATER or FOAM.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, soda ash, lime or sand.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

DRY sand, dry chemical, soda ash or lime or withdraw from area and let fire burn.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

LITHIUM OR MAGNESIUM FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Magnesium Fires:

DRY sand, sodium chloride powder, graphite powder or Met-L-X® powder.

Lithium Fires:

DRY sand, sodium chloride powder, graphite powder, copper powder or Lith-X® powder.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS7439-95-4 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

LARGE SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and 25 meters (75 feet) for solids in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate the area before entry.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS7439-95-4 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS7439-95-4 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Magnesium
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 1.25
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 4
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 30
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 150
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS7439-95-4 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS7439-95-4 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.
- DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers.
POWDER SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading and keep powder dry.
- DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

SMALL SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 138 (ERG, 2004)
- Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain.
- Dike for later disposal; do not apply water unless directed to do so.

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

24.305

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Silvery-white metal

DENSITY

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

1.738 g/cm(3) (at 20 degrees C)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

MELTING POINT

651 degrees C (Budavari, 1989)

BOILING POINT

1100 degrees C (Budavari, 1989)

OTHER/PHYSICAL

ODOR THRESHOLD

Odorless (CHRIS , 2002)

-REFERENCES

GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

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40 CFR 372.65: Environmental Protection Agency - Toxic Chemical Release Reporting, Community Right-To-Know, Chemicals and Chemical Categories to which this part applies. National Archives and Records Association (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Apr 3, 2006.

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62 FR 58840: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 1997.

65 FR 14186: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

65 FR 39264: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

65 FR 77866: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

66 FR 21940: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2001.

67 FR 7164: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2002.

68 FR 42710: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2003.

69 FR 54144: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2004.

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Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents