KETENE

CARBOMETHANE

CARBOMETHENE

ETHENONE

KETEN

KETO-ETHYLENE

463-51-4

OA 7700000

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

C2-H2-O

CH2=CO

H2C=C=O

131-FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC

Polymerization Hazard (ERG, 2004)

Ketene is utilized for acetylation in the production of aspirin, cellulose acetate, acetate esters, as well as acetic anhydride, and in the conversion of higher acids into their anhydrous form (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1989; Hathaway et al, 1991; Lewis, 1993).

Ketene is a colorless gas with a penetrating, disagreeable odor (Budavari, 1989; Lewis, 1993) NIOSH, 1995).

TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin.

Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes.

Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.

Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Move victim to fresh air.

Call 911 or emergency medical service.

Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.

Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.

Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.

Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.

In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.

Wash skin with soap and water.

Keep victim warm and quiet.

In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.

Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.

Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

GENERAL

INHALATION EXPOSURE

DERMAL EXPOSURE

EYE EXPOSURE

The minimum lethal human dose to this agent has not been delineated.

This compound's level of toxicity is equivalent to that of PHOSGENE (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1989).

The maximum tolerated human exposure to this agent has not been delineated.

Several species of animals tolerated 1 ppm for 6 hours a day, 5 days a week for 6 months without noted chronic injury (ACGIH, 1991; Hathaway et al, 1991).

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed ; Listed as: Ketene

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed

IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed

NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed ; Listed as: Ketene

MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed

NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

Not Listed

References: HSDB, 2003; RTECS, 2003. Values are from RTECS (2003) unless otherwise indicated

CONVERSION FACTORS

1 ppm = 1.7 mg/m(3) (Clayton & Clayton, 1993)

1 mg/L = 582 ppm (Clayton & Clayton, 1993)

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Not Listed

Listed as: Ketene

REL:

IDLH:

Listed as: Ketene

Table Z-1 for Ketene:

Threshold Quantity, in pounds:100

Not Listed

Not Listed

Not Listed

Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

Not Listed

Not Listed

Not Listed

Listed as: Ethenone

Not Listed

Not Listed

Not Listed

Outside or detached storage is optimal; standard combustible liquid cabinet or storeroom is acceptable for indoor storage (ITI, 1988).

Protect against shock or physical damage (ITI, 1988).

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Wear chemical protective that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.

Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Ketene is a flammable gas (NIOSH, 1995).

Acrid smoke and fumes are produced when ketene is heated to decomposition (Lewis, 1992).

Ketene is incompatible with water (it forms acetic acid when in contact with water) (NIOSH, 1995).

This compound can readily polymerize (ACGIH, 1991; Lewis, 1993) NIOSH, 1995).

Not Listed

CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.

Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.

Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.

Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.

Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.

ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Not Listed

Data presented from the Emergency Response Guidebook Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances are for use when a spill has occurred and there is no fire. If there is a fire, or if a fire is involved, evacuation information presented under FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES should be used.

Generally, a small spill is one that involves a single, small package such as a drum containing up to approximately 200 liters, a small cylinder, or a small leak from a large package. A large spill is one that involves a spill from a large package, or multiple spills from many small packages.

Suggested distances to protect from vapors of toxic-by-inhalation and/or water-reactive materials during the first 30 minutes following the spill.

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

In case of a leak, ensure adequate ventilation, forced if necessary, so that gas concentration is below the explosive range. Move the leaking container/cylinder to an open area and let dissipate into the atmosphere (ITI, 1988).

SMALL SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

LARGE SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Ketene should be piped into a furnace or pit and burned carefully (ITI, 1988).

Waste management activities associated with material disposition are unique to individual situations. Proper waste characterization and decisions regarding waste management should be coordinated with the appropriate local, state, or federal authorities to ensure compliance with all applicable rules and regulations.

-238 degrees F (NIOSH, 1995)

-150 degrees C (Budavari, 1989; Lewis, 1992)

-151 degrees C (ACGIH, 1991; Lewis, 1993)

This compound decomposes in water; it reacts with water to produce acetic acid (ACGIH, 1991) NIOSH, 1995).

It decomposes in ammonia and alcohol (Lewis, 1992; HSDB , 1995).

It is slightly soluble in ether and fairly soluble in acetone (ACGIH, 1991; Lewis, 1992).

3591 (Documentation of Molecular Spectroscopy Collection) (HSDB , 1995)

3978 (National Bureau of Standards EPA-NIH Mass Spectra Data Base) (HSDB , 1995)

1025.4 kJ/mol (gas) (HSDB , 1995)

9.61 eV (NIOSH, 1995)