ETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is used in cleaners and surface coatings, as a solvent in household cleaners and aerosols, and as a chemical intermediate (HSDB , 2000).
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is also found in agricultural chemicals and nonvolatile herbicides (HSDB , 2000).
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is used as a solvent for paints, printing inks, dyestuffs, and dry cleaning; agricultural chemicals; nonvolatile herbicides; brake oils; detergents for automobile industry; penetrants and softeners (ITI, 1988).
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, resins, albumen (Budavari, 1996).

FORMS

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is a mobile colorless liquid with a mild ethereal odor (CHRIS , 1991).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

USES: Ethylene glycol butyl ether (EGBE) is a glycol ether. They are used and found in many solvent mixtures. These solvents are commonly used as cleaning products, automotive fluids, lacquers, varnish removers, and dyeing and printing textiles.

TOXICOLOGY: Toxic effects are likely due to both the parent compound and metabolites, but the mechanisms of toxicity are unknown.

EPIDEMIOLOGY: It is a common unintentional exposure in children and adults, and usually does not cause toxicity. Life-threatening effects are rare, but have been reported following large, deliberate ingestion.

WITH POISONING/EXPOSURE

MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: Most inadvertent ingestions of household products containing EGBE are asymptomatic.
SEVERE TOXICITY: In large and intentional exposures, central nervous system depression, metabolic acidosis, renal injury, hypotension, seizures, acute lung injury, mild elevations in liver enzymes, hemolytic anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation have been reported.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin.
Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes.
Avoid any skin contact.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

SUMMARY

USES: Ethylene glycol butyl ether (EGBE) is a glycol ether. They are used and found in many solvent mixtures. These solvents are commonly used as cleaning products, automotive fluids, lacquers, varnish removers, and dyeing and printing textiles.
TOXICOLOGY: Toxic effects are likely due to both the parent compound and metabolites, but the mechanisms of toxicity are unknown.
EPIDEMIOLOGY: It is a common unintentional exposure in children and adults, and usually does not cause toxicity. Life-threatening effects are rare, but have been reported following large, deliberate ingestion.
MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: Most inadvertent ingestions of household products containing EGBE are asymptomatic.
SEVERE TOXICITY: In large and intentional exposures, central nervous system depression, metabolic acidosis, renal injury, hypotension, seizures, acute lung injury, mild elevations in liver enzymes, hemolytic anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation have been reported.

ACID-BASE

METABOLIC ACIDOSIS: Metabolic acidosis has been described after large ingestions (250 to 500 mL of solutions containing 6.5% to 22% EGBE) (Rambourg-Schepens et al, 1988; Gijsenbergh et al, 1989; Litovitz et al, 1990; Bauer et al, 1992; Gualtieri et al, 2003; Burkhart & Donovan, 1998; McKinney et al, 2000).

CARDIOVASCULAR

HYPOTENSION: Large ingestions have been reported to result in severe systolic hypotension requiring vasoactive amines and intravenous fluids (Burkhart & Donovan, 1998; McKinney et al, 2000; Gijsenbergh et al, 1989; Bauer et al, 1992).
VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA: CASE REPORT: Ventricular tachycardia and hypotension were reported complications prior to death from cardiac arrest in an 87-year-old woman who ingested an unknown amount of 6.5% EGBE (Litovitz et al, 1990).

DERMATOLOGIC

ABSORPTION: EGBE is not significantly irritating to the skin but absorbed through the skin in toxic amounts (Clayton & Clayton, 1981; Johanson & Boman, 1991)

FLUID-ELECTROLYTES

HYPOKALEMIA: Hypokalemia was described in two overdoses (Rambourg-Schepens et al, 1988; Bauer et al, 1992).

GENITOURINARY

HEMOGLOBINURIA: CASE REPORT: Hemoglobinuria was described 3 days after overdose in a 50-year-old woman (Rambourg-Schepens et al, 1988), and 2 days after overdose in a 23-year-old woman. The occurrence of this effect coincided with peak urinary butoxyacetic acid levels (Gijsenbergh et al, 1989).
OXALURIA: Urinary excretion of oxalate crystals has been reported after oral ingestion (Rambourg-Schepens et al, 1988), but was absent in a similar case (Gijsenbergh et al, 1989).
RENAL FAILURE: CASE REPORT: Renal failure was reported in an elderly woman who ingested an unknown amount of 6.5% EGBE (Litovitz et al, 1990).
ALBUMINURIA: CASE REPORT: Slight albuminuria developed in a 53-year-old man after ingestion of 500 mL of a 9.1% solution of EGBE (Bauer et al, 1992).

HEENT

CONJUNCTIVITIS: Drops applied to rabbit eyes have produced redness, conjunctivitis, and slight corneal clouding, with complete recovery in 4 days (Grant & Schuman, 1993). Exposure to vapors has caused mild eye irritation (Carpenter et al, 1956).
IRRITATION: Nasal irritation has been noted during industrial exposures to vapors (Carpenter et al, 1956).

HEMATOLOGIC

HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA: Hemolytic anemia has been observed in animals (Carpenter et al, 1956; Ghanayem et al, 1987) 1989, 1990), and in two reported human overdoses (Rambourg-Schepens et al, 1988; Gijsenbergh et al, 1989).
In vitro studies have shown that human erythrocytes are comparatively insensitive to the hemolytic effects of butoxyacetic acid, a metabolite of butyl ethers, given at concentrations several-fold higher than required to cause hemolysis of rat erythrocytes (Ghanayem, 1989; Ghanayem & Sullivan, 1993).
DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) may occur following large ingestions (Burkhart & Donovan, 1998; Litovitz et al, 1990).
CASE REPORT: Thrombocytopenia and non-hemolytic hypochromic anemia and mild prolongation of PT (15.5 seconds) were noted in one case of massive overdose (Bauer et al, 1992).

HEPATIC

ELEVATED LIVER ENZYMES: CASE REPORT: Mild elevations in liver function tests were reported in one massive overdose by a chronic alcoholic (Bauer et al, 1992).

CASE REPORT: Mild elevations in liver function tests developed in an 18-year-old man after ingestion of 360 to 480 milliliters of a glass cleaner containing 22% EGBE (Gualtieri et al, 2003).

NEUROLOGIC

CNS DEPRESSION: CNS depression, from lethargy to coma, may commonly occur following significant ingestions (Burkhart & Donovan, 1998; McKinney et al, 2000).
SEIZURES: One study reported tonic-clonic seizures in an adult following the ingestion of 20 to 30 ounces of a product containing EGBE 25% to 35%, propylene glycol 15% to 25%, and monoethanolamine 5% to 10%. Seizures were controlled with lorazepam and phenytoin (Burkhart & Donovan, 1998).

RESPIRATORY

ACUTE LUNG INJURY: CASE REPORT: ARDS developed in a 53-year-old man after ingestion of 500 milliliters of a solution containing 9.1% ethylene glycol butyl ether (45.5 mL of EGBE); he recovered after initiation of PEEP and supportive care (Bauer et al, 1992).
ASPIRATION: Aspiration may occur following large ingestions (Burkhart & Donovan, 1998).
HYPERVENTILATION: CASE REPORT: Hyperventilation has been reported in a case of ingestion of one liter of window cleaner over a 3 day period (Felgenhauer et al, 1993).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

EGBE has no tendency to accumulate in humans or animals (Clayton & Clayton, 1994). Little is known about the potential long-term or delayed effects of low-level chronic EGBE exposure. There is only one report of possible injury from industrial EGBE use: a man had two isolated episodes of hematuria 5 months apart. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether was also present in the work environment; EGBE alone may not have been responsible (Clayton & Clayton, 1982). Two women experienced irritation of the mucous membranes and headache while working on a process in which EGBE was used (Clayton & Clayton, 1982).

In mice, treatment with doses of 500 or 1,000 mg/kg/day for 4 days induced atrophy of the thymus and lymphocytopenia, indicative of potential depression of the immune system. Hemolytic anemia was also produced (Grant, 1985). Anemia has also been produced in rats. Male rates given EGBE at a concentration of 2000 ppm in the drinking water for 21 days, or female rats given 1600 ppm, showed enhanced NK (natural killer) cell immune activity, but otherwise did not exhibit the immunological effects seen with ETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOMETHYL ETHER.

-FIRST AID

FIRST AID AND PREHOSPITAL TREATMENT

PREHOSPITAL: Gastrointestinal decontamination is not indicated due to rapid absorption and the risk of CNS depression after large ingestion. Irrigate exposed eyes after ocular exposure. Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed skin. Remove patients with inhalational exposure to fresh air. Administer oxygen if respiratory irritation develops.

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

FIRST AID

The following first aid measures are suggested (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

EYE EXPOSURE: Immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Primary eye protection (spectacles or goggles), as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), should be used when working with this chemical. Face shields should only be worn over primary eye protection.

Contact lens use is not recommended when working with this chemical. If contact lenses are worn, then appropriate eye and face protection devices must be used. OSHA emphasizes that dusty and/or chemical environments may represent an additional hazard to contact lens wearers.

DERMAL EXPOSURE: Immediately wash the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and wash the skin with water. If symptoms occur after washing, get medical attention immediately.
INHALATION EXPOSURE: Move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respirations. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.
ORAL EXPOSURE: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.
TARGET ORGANS: Eyes, skin, respiratory system and CNS.

INHALATION EXPOSURE

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).

EYE EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE

There is no role for prehospital gastrointestinal decontamination following oral exposure.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

The threshold limit value weighted average for an 8 hour shift (TLV-TWA) is 20 ppm (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010); 700 ppm is considered immediately dangerous to life and health (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007).

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE

INHALATION

No clinical signs of adverse effects nor subjective complaints occurred among 7 male volunteers exposed to 20 parts per million for 2 hours (Johanson et al, 1986).
Exposure of human beings to high concentrations of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether vapors, in the range of 300 to 600 parts per million, for several hours, would be expected to cause respiratory and eye irritation, narcosis, and possibly damage to the kidney and liver (Clayton & Clayton, 1981).
Deaths that occur promptly from inhalation in animals are generally attributed to narcosis, but if death is delayed several days, it is likely to be caused by pneumonitis, pulmonary congestion, and/or kidney injury (Clayton & Clayton, 1981; Hathaway et al, 1996).

ORAL

ADULT TOXICITY

Severe toxicity (coma, acidosis) was noted in a 50-year-old woman who ingested 250 to 500 milliliters of a 12 percent solution, equivalent to 30 to 60 milliliters of pure EGBE (Rambourg-Schepens et al, 1988).
Severe toxicity (coma, acidosis, anemia, hematuria) was reported in a 23-year-old woman following ingestion of 500 milliliters of a window cleaner containing 12.7% EGBE. The total dose ingested was estimated to be 63.5 milliliters of pure EGBE or 0.89 gram/kilogram. Due to prompt gastric lavage, the authors estimated that one-half of this amount was actually absorbed (Gijsenbergh et al, 1989).
Severe toxicity (coma, acidosis, hypotension, acute lung injury/ARDS) was reported in a 53-year-old man following ingestion of 500 milliliters of a 9.1 percent solution (equivalent to 45.5 milliliters of pure EGBE) (Bauer et al, 1992).

PEDIATRIC TOXICITY

No symptoms developed in 24 children ingesting 5 to 300 milliliters of glass cleaner (0.5 to 9.9% ethylene glycol butyl ether). The 2 children ingesting more than 15 milliliters (approximately 3 milliliters EGBE in a 14-month-old and 24 milliliters in a 2-year-old) were treated with gastric emptying. All others were followed at home following simple dilution (Dean & Krenzelok, 1992).

Toxic hazard rating is between classes 3 & 4 with probable oral lethal dose of at least 50 to 500 milligrams per kilogram or the equivalent of 1 mL/kg or 1 ounce of pure EGBE for a 70 kilogram person (HSDB , 2000).

DERMAL

Prolonged and repeated contact of EGBE with the skin of rabbits failed to cause more than a very mild simple irritation (Clayton & Clayton, 1981).
In guinea pigs, the percutaneous absorption of aqueous solutions of EGBE was greater than percutaneous absorption of undiluted EGBE(Johanson & Ferstrom, 1988) .
The percutaneous absorption of EGBE was investigated in 12 exposure experiments with five male volunteers. Exposure of four fingers to liquid butoxyethanol corresponds roughly to being exposed to butoxyethanol vapor at 20 parts per million (Johanson & Ferstrom, 1988).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS111-76-2 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): A3 ; Listed as: 2-Butoxyethanol (EGBE)

A3 :Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans: The agent is carcinogenic in experimental animals at a relatively high dose, by route(s) of administration, at site(s), of histologic type(s), or by mechanism(s) that may not be relevant to worker exposure. Available epidemiologic studies do not confirm an increased risk of cancer in exposed humans. Available evidence does not suggest that the agent is likely to cause cancer in humans except under uncommon or unlikely routes or levels of exposure.

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not likely to be carcinogenic to humans ; Listed as: Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) (2-Butoxyethanol)
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): 3 ; Listed as: 2-Butoxyethanol

3 : The agent (mixture or exposure circumstance) is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. This category is used most commonly for agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans and inadequate or limited in experimental animals. Exceptionally, agents (mixtures) for which the evidence of carcinogenicity is inadequate in humans but sufficient in experimental animals may be placed in this category when there is strong evidence that the mechanism of carcinogenicity in experimental animals does not operate in humans. Agents, mixtures and exposure circumstances that do not fall into any other group are also placed in this category.

NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed ; Listed as: 2-Butoxyethanol
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Oral:

Slope Factor:
RfD: 1x10(-1) mg/kg-day

Inhalation:

Unit Risk: Information reviewed but value not estimated.
RfC: 1.6 mg/m3

Drinking Water:

Unit Risk:

TOXICITY VALUES

References: RTECS, 2000 OHM/TADS, 1991 Lewis, 1996
- LC50- (INHALATION)MOUSE:
- LC50- (INHALATION)RAT:
- LCLo- (INHALATION)HUMAN:
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (SKIN)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (SKIN)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INHALATION)RAT:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- TDLo- (INHALATION)HUMAN:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS111-76-2 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

2-Butoxyethanol (EGBE)

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 20 ppm
TLV-STEL:
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: A3
Codes: Not Listed
Definitions:

A3: Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans: The agent is carcinogenic in experimental animals at a relatively high dose, by route(s) of administration, at site(s), of histologic type(s), or by mechanism(s) that may not be relevant to worker exposure. Available epidemiologic studies do not confirm an increased risk of cancer in exposed humans. Available evidence does not suggest that the agent is likely to cause cancer in humans except under uncommon or unlikely routes or levels of exposure.

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s): Eye and URT irr
Molecular Weight: 118.17

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS111-76-2 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS111-76-2 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Listed as: 2-Butoxyethanol
REL:

TWA: 5 ppm (24 mg/m(3))
STEL:
Ceiling:
Carcinogen Listing: (Not Listed) Not Listed
Skin Designation: [skin]

Indicates the potential for dermal absorption; skin exposure should be prevented as necessary through the use of good work practices and gloves, coveralls, goggles, and other appropriate equipment.

Note(s):

IDLH:

IDLH: 700 ppm
Note(s): Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Listed as: 2-Butoxyethanol
Table Z-1 for 2-Butoxyethanol:

8-hour TWA:

ppm: 50

Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25 degrees C and 760 torr.

mg/m3: 240

Milligrams of substances per cubic meter of air. When entry is in this column only, the value is exact; when listed with a ppm entry, it is approximate.

Ceiling Value:
Skin Designation: Yes
Notation(s): Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS111-76-2 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS111-76-2 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS111-76-2 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Ethanol, 2-butoxy-

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 2369 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN2369 (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS111-76-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Ethylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 3

(3) Seriously toxic material. Short term exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical treatment is given. Includes known or suspect small animal carcinogens, mutagens, or teratogens.

Flammability Rating (Red): 2

(2) Combustible. Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition can occur. Including liquids having a flash point above 100 degrees F, and solids that readily give off flammable vapors.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

(0) Materials which are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

Listed as: Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 3

(3) Seriously toxic material. Short term exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical treatment is given. Includes known or suspect small animal carcinogens, mutagens, or teratogens.

Flammability Rating (Red): 2

(2) Combustible. Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition can occur. Including liquids having a flash point above 100 degrees F, and solids that readily give off flammable vapors.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

(0) Materials which are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 111-76-2.

All data are compiled from published sources and are NOT recommended specifically by Truven Health Analytics. The appearance of specific manufacturers or products in this section does not represent an endorsement by Truven Health Analytics. No attempt has been made to verify the data presented. All product recommendations should be confirmed with the specific manufacturer for verification of product performance.
CLOTHING

Neoprene

River City

Neoprene splash suits

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (River City, 1995)

Plastic Laminate

DuPont Personal Protection

Tychem 10,000

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem 7500

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem 9400

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem QC

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem SL

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.003
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.003
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Tychem TK

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid
Citation: (DuPont, 2002)

Kimberly-Clark Professional

Hazard-Gard I

Degradation Rating: not tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: liquid
Citation: (Kimberly-Clark, 2002)

Hazard-Gard II

Degradation Rating: PASS
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.02
Notes: liquid
Citation: (Kimberly-Clark, 2002)

Polyvinyl Chloride

River City

PVC splash suits

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (River City, 1995)

FOOTWEAR

Specific recommendations and test data for this product type were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature.

GLOVES

Butyl

Best Manufacturing

Butyl 878

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Butyl/Neoprene

Comasec Safety, Inc

Butyl+Plus

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Latex

Memphis Glove Company

5290 Series Flock-Lined Latex

Degradation Rating: 3 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 68
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Natural Rubber

Ansell

Conform

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): <10
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <900
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Ansell-Edmont, 2001)

Best Manufacturing

Original Nitty Gritty

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Tested under limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 64
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.4
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 67
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 4
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 67
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.4
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested under limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested under limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Comasec Safety, Inc

Flexigum

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 30
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

MAPA Spontex, Inc.

Classics/L-210

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 25
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 77.7
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Sure-Grip/LF-128

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 21
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 80.2
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Montgomery Safety Products

Natural Rubber

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 45
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <100
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)

North Safety Products

Natural Rubber Canners

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 23
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 75000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

Neoprene

Best Manufacturing

Chloroflex 1823

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 30 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 90
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Chloroflex 723

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 74
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 26
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 55
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 61
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Neoprene 6780 Series

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 228
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 15
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Ultraflex Neoprene 32

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 229
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.1
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 57
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 30
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 46
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 34
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 229
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.1
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 229
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.1
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

MAPA Spontex, Inc.

Chem-ply/N-440

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Memphis Glove Company

5410S Series Flock-Lined Neoprene

Degradation Rating: 2 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 48
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

6912 Neomax Neoprene

Degradation Rating: 6 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Montgomery Safety Products

Neoprene

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 90
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <10
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)

Perfect Fit Glove Co, LLC

Stanzoil 531

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >360
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

Neoprene+NatR

Best Manufacturing

Chem Master CHM

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 52
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 23
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 31
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 93
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Nitrile

Ansell

Touch N Tuff

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Ansell-Edmont, 2001)

Best Manufacturing

N-DEX 8005

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Not Recommended (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 9
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 179
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Nitri-Solve 727

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Poor (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 47
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 66
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Poor (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 109
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 26
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Ultimate N-Dex 9905

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Ultraflex Nitrile 22R

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Comasec Safety, Inc

Comatril

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Flexiproof

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

MAPA Spontex, Inc.

Stansolv/A-14

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: 99%; non-normalized breakthrough
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Stansolv/AF-18

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 474.1
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Memphis Glove Company

5320 Series Flock-Lined Nitrile

Degradation Rating: 6 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

9750 Series Predator Nitrile

Degradation Rating: 6 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Montgomery Safety Products

M-Tech

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 90
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <10
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)

Nitrile+Neoprene+Natural Rubber

Perfect Fit Glove Co, LLC

TRIonic 521

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 53
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 22.8
Notes: 0.99
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

TRIonic 522

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 53
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 22.8
Notes: 0.99
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

TRIonic E-194

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 53
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 22.8
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

TRIonic E-194BPK

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 53
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 22.8
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

TRIonic E-204

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 53
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 22.8
Notes: 0.99
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

TRIonic O-240

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 53
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 22.8
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

Nitrile+PVC

Best Manufacturing

Hustler 725R

Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 64
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 152
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 67
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.4
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 79
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 26
Notes: tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Plastic Laminate

North -- Safety 4H

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested at 35 degrees C; 95 degrees F
Citation: (Safety 4, 2002)
Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested at 21 degrees C; 70 degrees F
Citation: (Safety 4, 2002)

Polyvinyl Chloride

Ansell

Dura-Touch

Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Ansell-Edmont, 2001)

Best Manufacturing

Black Knight 7712R

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2002)

Comasec Safety, Inc

Comastar

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 120
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Normal

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 120
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Memphis Glove Company

6400 Actifresh Green PVC

Degradation Rating: 6 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Polyvinyl Chloride/Nitrile

Comasec Safety, Inc

Multi+plus

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Viton over Butyl

Best Manufacturing

Viton #890

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Tested with limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

GENERAL INFORMATION

This section provides a compilation of chemical resistance information and test data for specific protective clothing products. Chemical resistance information includes both degradation resistance ratings and permeation resistance data. This information is designed to assist in the selection of appropriate protective clothing. Only data on specific products and manufacturers are included. Generic information or recommendations are not provided since significant differences can exist in the chemical resistance for apparent similar product types.
Specific product information is organized by general product type (gloves, garments, and footwear), material type, and manufacturer. The category 'garments' may include totally encapsulating suits, splash suits, as well as other items (e.g., coveralls, jackets, and aprons). Specific manufacturers should be contacted to determine the features of available styles/models.
In addition to chemical resistance information, there are many critical variables in the selection of protective clothing which cannot be represented in this summary of the literature. Some factors to be considered in choosing protective clothing include, but are not limited to: overall clothing integrity, physical hazard resistance, durability, human factors, ease of decontamination, and cost. Overall clothing integrity refers to a specific design's ability to offer consistent protection for all clothing-covered areas of the body. Physical hazards include resisting the effects of abrasion, cuts, tears, and punctures. Human factors entail effects on wearer mobility, visibility, and hearing for garments; dexterity, tactility, and grip for gloves; ankle support and weight for footwear; and, any effect of the clothing on the function of the wearer. There are several variations in the design for gloves, garments, and footwear that affect these factors. Protective clothing must properly be sized and correctly fit the wearer to ensure its proper use and function.
As required in the U.S.A., protective clothing should be selected based on a risk assessment of the workplace. This risk assessment must account for the identification of existing as well as potential hazards and involve the recommendation of protective clothing appropriate for the identified hazards. Therefore, the recommendations in this section should not be used as the sole basis for decisions on choice of protective clothing, but rather should be used as a tool by qualified occupational health and safety professionals or other technically qualified persons in conjunction with a review of all mitigating factors. Consult the OSHA PPE Standard (29 CFR 1910.132 - 1910.138) for regulations and additional guidance regarding the selection and use of protective clothing and equipment. For general information on protective clothing selection, refer to the "PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - OSHA PUB 3077" document.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING SELECTION

Determine the type of protective clothing item needed based on a risk assessment (e.g., gloves, garments, footwear).
For high risk situations, choose clothing that covers all parts of the body that may be exposed. In many cases, multiple clothing items will be required. Low risk situations may permit partial body protective clothing. Select protective clothing products that have reported chemical resistance data. High risk situations involving full body clothing or extended chemical contact often require permeation resistance data to determine the barrier effectiveness of materials used in the construction of clothing. Relatively low risk situations, where only splash or incidental exposure occur, may allow use of protective clothing based on degradation or penetration resistance data. Specifics on the interpretation of chemical resistance data are presented below.
Other factors must be considered in addition to chemical resistance. The selected chemical protective clothing item should offer the optimal combination of protection against identified hazards while allowing maximum function and comfort.

INTERPRETATION OF DEGRADATION RATINGS

Degradation refers to physical changes in a material as the result of chemical exposure. Degradation may become evident in visible changes, such as discoloration, swelling, delamination, deterioration, or disintegration. Degradation effects may also be measured by weight change or other changes in a material's physical properties (e.g., strength, elasticity, hardness).
Degradation resistance ratings are provided by manufacturers to rate the amount of degradation that occurs for a particular protective clothing material when contacted by a chemical. All degradation ratings are qualitative and include ratings, such as "EXCELLENT," "GOOD," "FAIR," "POOR," and "NOT RECOMMENDED." There is no standard test method for the measurement of chemical degradation resistance; therefore, manufacturer ratings may be based on different testing approaches. This makes comparison of degradation ratings between manufacturers unreliable.
The use of degradation resistance ratings alone to recommend protective clothing, particularly for high hazard situations, should be avoided. Degradation resistance testing does not directly assess the barrier quality of protective clothing, since materials can show relatively little degradation but still allow either permeation or penetration by a chemical. Degradation resistance ratings can be used to exclude protective clothing materials from consideration. Protective clothing materials with a "NOT RECOMMENDED" degradation resistance rating should never be used.
For some products, the rating "NO PENETRATION" is provided. This refers to penetration resistance test results that are based on a different procedure (American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 903). Penetration resistance testing involves placing a material sample in a test cell, exposing the exterior side of the material to a chemical, and then observing the interior side of the material for visible signs of liquid penetration. Part of the test is conducted at an elevated pressure. Test results are reported as pass (no penetration) or fail (penetration detected). Unlike degradation testing, penetration testing provides an assessment of protective clothing material barrier performance. Since penetration resistance testing examines only observable amounts of liquid penetration, permeation may still occur. The use of penetration resistance data must be restricted to liquid chemicals, and should be limited to scenarios where there is no reasonable vapor exposure hazard under the conditions of exposure.

INTERPRETATION OF PERMEATION DATA

Permeation is the process of chemical movement through a material on a molecular level. Permeation resistance refers to the ability of a material to retard or prevent chemical movement through it. Permeation may occur without any visible signs of degradation.
Permeation resistance is measured using a test cell which is divided into two halves by a protective clothing specimen. Chemical is placed on the challenge side, while the collection side is periodically monitored for permeating chemical. Permeation data were obtained in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 739 (Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Permeation by Liquids and Gases), unless stated otherwise. In the case of chemicals that are classified as warfare agents, the data were obtained in accordance with the Military Standard 282 (MIL-STD-282) (Military Standard, Filter Units, Protective Clothing, Gas-Mask Components, and Related Products: Performance Test Methods).
Permeation rate is the amount of chemical that passes through a material for a measured surface area per unit time. In this section, permeation rate is expressed in micrograms per square centimeter per minute (mcg/cm(2)/min). The reported permeation rate is either the steady-state rate or the maximum rate observed during testing. In some cases, very large permeation rates exceed measurement techniques and are reported as ">" (greater than) or "HIGH."
Breakthrough time is the elapsed time, in minutes, from the time the chemical comes in contact with the material exterior surface, to the time that chemical is detected on the interior surface. When no breakthrough is detected, the breakthrough time is report as ">" the testing period. If permeation breakthrough is rapid, results are reported as "<" (less than) the earlier sampling time or as "IMMEDIATELY" (which usually means breakthrough in less than 4 minutes).
The breakthrough time should exceed the expected use period of the selected protective clothing. Additionally, there are several other factors that must be taken into account to provide appropriate protection.
Permeation testing is usually conducted with full strength, undiluted chemical for the duration of the test period. Actual exposures may involve diluted chemical for short or intermittent exposure periods.
Permeation testing is usually conducted at room temperature. Permeation occurs faster at elevated temperatures (short breakthrough times and higher permeation rates) and slower at reduced temperatures (long breakthrough times and lower permeation rates).
Permeation resistance of mixtures cannot usually be determined on the basis of the individual chemicals making up the mixture. Synergistic effects may occur and result in more rapid permeation than accounted for by the individual mixture chemicals.
Permeation rates may be used to calculate potential wearer exposure; however, several assumptions must be made about the extent of exposure and condition of clothing wear. Furthermore, there are few chemicals with dermal exposure limits, making it difficult to determine an acceptable skin exposure level.

COMPANY INFORMATION

Ansell 200 Schulz Drive Red Bank, NJ 07701 USA Phone: (732) 345-5400 Fax: (800) 800-0445 Toll-Free: (800) 800-0444 Website: http://www.ansellpro.com Email: info@ansell.com
Best Manufacturing 579 Edison Street Menlo, GA 30731 USA Phone: (706) 862-2302 Fax: (706) 862-6000 Toll-Free: (800) 241-0323 Website: http://www.bestglove.com Email: USA@bestglove.com
Comasec Safety, Inc 8 Niblick Road Box 1219 Enfield, CT 06083-1219 USA Phone: (860) 741-2207 Fax: (860) 741-0881 Toll-Free: (800) 333-0219 Website: http://www.comasecsafety.com Email: info@comasecsafety.com
DuPont Personal Protection P. O. Box 80705 Wilmington, DE 19880-0705 USA Phone: (302) 774-1000 Toll-Free: (800) 931-3456 Website: http://personalprotection.dupont.com Email: personalprotection@usa.dupont.com
Kimberly-Clark Professional 1400 Holcomb Bridge Road Roswell, GA 30076 Phone: (800) 255-6401 Fax: (800) 579-3555 Toll-Free: (800) 255-6401 Website: http://www.kcprofessional.com/us/ Email: kcpinfo@kcc.com
MAPA Spontex, Inc. 100 Spontex Dr. Columbia, TN 38401 USA Phone: (800) 537--2897 Fax: (800) 537--3299 Website: http://www.mapaglove.com Email: sales@mapaglove.com
Memphis Glove Company 5321 East Shelby Dr. Memphis, TN 38188 USA Phone: (901) 795-0672 Fax: (901) 794-7622 Toll-Free: (800) 955-6887 Website: http://www.memphisglove.com
Montgomery Safety Products 1117 Marion Avenue, SW Canton, OH 44707 USA Phone: (800) 562-0600 Toll-Free: (800) 562-0600 Website: http://www.montgomerysafety.com Email: gloves@montgomerysafety.com
North -- Safety 4H 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.safety4.com
North Safety Products 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.northsafety.com Email: marketing@northsafety.com
Perfect Fit Glove Co, LLC 85 Innsbruck Dr. Buffalo, NY 14227 USA Phone: (800) 245-6837 Fax: (716) 668-3224 Toll-Free: (800) 245-6837 Website: http://www.perfectfitglove.com Email: perfectfitglove@perfectfitglove.com
River City 5321 East Shelby Dr. Memphis, TN 38188 USA Phone: (800) 888-0347 Fax: (901) 795-3815 Toll-Free: (800) 888-0347 Website: http://www.protectivewear.com Email: support@protectivewear.com

REFERENCES

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING CITATIONS

The following sources were consulted for chemical protective clothing data:

(Ansell-Edmont, 2001)
(Bata Shoe Company, 1995)
(Best Manufacturing, 2002)
(Best Manufacturing, 2004)
(Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)
(ChemFab Corporation, 1993)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2003)
(Guardian Manufacturing Group, 2001)
(ILC Dover, Inc., 1998)
(Kappler Inc., 2001)
(Kimberly-Clark, 2002)
(LaCrosse-Rainfair, 1997)
(MAPA Professional, 2003)
(MAPA Professional, 2004)
(Mar-Mac Manufacturing, Inc, 1995)
(Marigold Industrial, 2003)
(Memphis Glove Company, 2001)
(Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)
(Nat-Wear, 2001)
(Neese Industries, Inc., 2003)
(North, 2002)
(North, 2002)
(Playtex, 1995)
(River City, 1995)
(Safety 4, 2002)
(Servus, 1995)
(Standard Safety Equipment, 1995)
(Tingley, 2002)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2001)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2002)
(Wells Lamont Industrial, 2002)
(Workrite, 1997)

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)
- Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Runoff may pollute waterways.
- Substance may be transported in a molten form.
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is incompatible with oxidizing materials, heat or flames (Sax & Lewis, 1989).
When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Sax & Lewis, 1989).
To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemicals (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS111-76-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Ethylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether
Flammability Rating: 2

(2) Combustible. Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition can occur. Including liquids having a flash point above 100 degrees F, and solids that readily give off flammable vapors.

Listed as: Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether
Flammability Rating: 2

(2) Combustible. Materials that must be moderately heated before ignition can occur. Including liquids having a flash point above 100 degrees F, and solids that readily give off flammable vapors.

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS111-76-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Ethylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether
Extinguishing Method(s): 5

5: Flammable liquid fires can be extinguished using carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and vaporizing liquid extinguishers, as long as the fires are small to moderate in size and the flammable liquid reservoir is shallow. Use of foam to form a blanket over a flammable liquid is not effective when the liquid is water-soluble. Certain alcohol resistant foams are effective extinguishing agents for polar, non-polar, and water-soluble liquid fires. These foams are preferred for fighting flammable liquid fires except those that involve water reactive flammable liquids.

Listed as: Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether
Extinguishing Method(s): 5

5: Flammable liquid fires can be extinguished using carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and vaporizing liquid extinguishers, as long as the fires are small to moderate in size and the flammable liquid reservoir is shallow. Use of foam to form a blanket over a flammable liquid is not effective when the liquid is water-soluble. Certain alcohol resistant foams are effective extinguishing agents for polar, non-polar, and water-soluble liquid fires. These foams are preferred for fighting flammable liquid fires except those that involve water reactive flammable liquids.

To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemicals (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is incompatible with oxidizing materials, heat or flames (Sax & Lewis, 1989).
When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is incompatible with oxidizing materials, heat or flames (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is incompatible with oxidizing materials, heat or flames (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS111-76-2 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS111-76-2 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Butoxyethanol, 2- (Glycol ether EB)
TEEL-0 (units = ppm): 50
TEEL-1 (units = ppm): 50
TEEL-2 (units = ppm): 100
TEEL-3 (units = ppm): 700
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS111-76-2 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS111-76-2 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

IDLH: 700 ppm
Note(s): Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
- Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
- DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 152 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether should be atomized into an incinerator, and combustion may be improved by mixing with a more flammable solvent (HSDB , 1991).

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

Food Chain concentration potential: None (CHRIS , 1991)

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD): 26% of theoretical in 5 days, fresh water (CHRIS , 1991).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

OTHER

OTHER
- Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether may biodegrade at a moderately fast rate (OHM/TADS , 1991).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

ECOTOXICITY PUBLISHED VALUES (OHM/TADS , 1991)

1. TL50 BLUEGILL: 1300 mg/L/96h
2. TLm BRINE SHRIMP: 100 mg/L/24h
3. TL50 ATLANTIC SILVERSIDE: 2000 mg/L/96h

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

118.18 (ITI, 1988)

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is a mobile colorless liquid with a mild ethereal odor (CHRIS , 1991; HSDB , 2000).

VAPOR PRESSURE

300 mmHg (at 140 degrees C) (Lewis, 1996)

0.76 mmHg (at 20 degrees C) (Budavari, 1996)

DENSITY

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

LIQUID: 0.9 g/mL (at 20 degrees C) (NFPA, 1991)
LIQUID: 0.9012 g/mL (at 20 degrees C) (Lewis, 1996)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

MELTING POINT

-74.8 degrees C (Lewis, 1996)

BOILING POINT

171.2 degrees C (Budavari, 1996)

FLASH POINT

61 degrees C (closed cup) (ITI, 1988)

74 degrees C (open cup) (ITI, 1988)

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE

244 degrees C (ITI, 1988)

238 degrees C; 460 degrees F (NFPA, 1991)

EXPLOSIVE LIMITS

LOWER

1.1% (at 93 degrees C) (NFPA, 1991)

UPPER

12.7% (at 135 degrees C)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is soluble in 20 parts water (Budavari, 1996).

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

It is soluble in most organic solvents and mineral oil (Budavari, 1996).
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is soluble in all proportions in alcohol and ether (HSDB , 2000).

OTHER/PHYSICAL

INDEX OF REFRACTION

1.4196 (at 20 degrees C) (Sax & Lewis, 1987)

-REFERENCES

GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

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ETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER

Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents