ETHYL ACETATE

Ethyl acetate is used in artificial fruit essences, and as a solvent for nitrocellulose, varnishes, lacquers, food processing, airplane dopes, as well as in the manufacture of smokeless powder, artificial leather, photographic film and plates, artificial silk, perfumes, pharmaceutical preparations, and also for cleaning textiles (S Sweetman , 2002; Budavari, 1996).

FORMS

Commercial Grades (Sax & Lewis, 1987):

85% to 88%
95% to 98%
99%
NF (99%)
FCC

The major constituent other than ethyl acetate in the 85% to 88% grade is ethyl alcohol (HSDB , 2002).

SOURCES

Ethyl acetate occurs naturally in yeast and sugar cane.

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

Ethyl acetate is low in toxicity. It is a mild mucous membrane irritant, but is not caustic. In high concentrations it may be a CNS depressant. Animal studies have demonstrated pulmonary edema, decreased cardiac contractility, seizures and hepatic damage, but these have NOT been reported in humans.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin.
Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

Ethyl acetate is a primary irritant in acute exposure. Inhalation exposure can cause irritation of the eye, nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract. It can produce mild CNS depression (HSDB; (ILO, 1983). With inhalation exposure to greater than 2,000 ppm of ethyl acetate, it acts as an anesthetic (HSDB).

Ethyl acetate is metabolized to ETHYL ALCOHOL and acetaldehyde in laboratory animals (Fateev, 1983). The concentration in alveolar air in humans is a function of the exposure concentration rather than the duration of exposure (Fernandez & Droz, 1974). Ethyl acetate is excreted in expired air less rapidly than other solvents (Nomiyama & Nomiyama, 1975). In acutely exposed rats TOLUENE enhanced the toxicity of ethyl acetate (Kojima, 1977).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Workers chronically exposed to 34 to 78 ppm had lower platelet counts than controls (Beving, 1984). Ethyl acetate may cause corneal damage (Schmid, 1956), may contribute to liver damage (Sotaniemi, 1982), and may impair the sense of smell (Szmeja & Szyfter, 1984). Prolonged skin contact with ethyl acetate may cause defatting dermatitis (ILO, 1983). Prolonged inhalation may cause lung, heart, liver, kidney damage, secondary anemia, and leukocytosis (HSDB).

Workers exposed to ethyl acetate and other solvents had chronic bronchitis and reduced lung function (Sykut, 1981). Workers regularly exposed to airborne levels of 375 to 1,500 ppm for several months had no unusual symptoms (HSDB).

In a subchronic study in rats and mice, ethyl acetate had no effect at an airborne concentration of 2 mg/m(3), but increased the leukocyte count at 10 and 43 mg/m(3) (Solomin, 1975).

-FIRST AID

FIRST AID AND PREHOSPITAL TREATMENT

SUMMARY

Activated charcoal is unlikely to be necessary due to the low toxicity of these compounds.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL -

PREHOSPITAL ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ADMINISTRATION

Consider prehospital administration of activated charcoal as an aqueous slurry in patients with a potentially toxic ingestion who are awake and able to protect their airway. Activated charcoal is most effective when administered within one hour of ingestion. Administration in the prehospital setting has the potential to significantly decrease the time from toxin ingestion to activated charcoal administration, although it has not been shown to affect outcome (Alaspaa et al, 2005; Thakore & Murphy, 2002; Spiller & Rogers, 2002).

In patients who are at risk for the abrupt onset of seizures or mental status depression, activated charcoal should not be administered in the prehospital setting, due to the risk of aspiration in the event of spontaneous emesis.
The addition of flavoring agents (cola drinks, chocolate milk, cherry syrup) to activated charcoal improves the palatability for children and may facilitate successful administration (Guenther Skokan et al, 2001; Dagnone et al, 2002).

CHARCOAL DOSE

Use a minimum of 240 milliliters of water per 30 grams charcoal (FDA, 1985). Optimum dose not established; usual dose is 25 to 100 grams in adults and adolescents; 25 to 50 grams in children aged 1 to 12 years (or 0.5 to 1 gram/kilogram body weight) ; and 0.5 to 1 gram/kilogram in infants up to 1 year old (Chyka et al, 2005).

Routine use of a cathartic with activated charcoal is NOT recommended as there is no evidence that cathartics reduce drug absorption and cathartics are known to cause adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, electrolyte imbalances and occasionally hypotension (None Listed, 2004).

ADVERSE EFFECTS/CONTRAINDICATIONS

Complications: emesis, aspiration (Chyka et al, 2005). Aspiration may be complicated by acute respiratory failure, ARDS, bronchiolitis obliterans or chronic lung disease (Golej et al, 2001; Graff et al, 2002; Pollack et al, 1981; Harris & Filandrinos, 1993; Elliot et al, 1989; Rau et al, 1988; Golej et al, 2001; Graff et al, 2002). Refer to the ACTIVATED CHARCOAL/TREATMENT management for further information.
Contraindications: unprotected airway (increases risk/severity of aspiration) , nonfunctioning gastrointestinal tract, uncontrolled vomiting, and ingestion of most hydrocarbons (Chyka et al, 2005).

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Wash skin with soap and water.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

GENERAL

Because of rapid hydrolysis and low toxicity, inhalation, or ingestion of ethyl acetate seldom requires treatment. Patients should be monitored for CNS depression if large amounts have been ingested.

INHALATION EXPOSURE

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).

EYE EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE

Activated charcoal is unlikely to be necessary due to the low toxicity of this compound.
No specific antidotes or treatments are available. Monitor patients ingesting large amounts for CNS depression, respiratory depression, and decreased cardiac contractility.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE

There is a single case report of a death ascribed to inhalation of ethyl acetate in a tank painter (Lehmann & Flury, 1943).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

CASE REPORTS

No adverse symptoms were noted in workers exposed to 375 to 1500 parts per million for several months (Clayton & Clayton, 1982).

ACUTE

TCLo - (INHL) HUMAN: 400 ppm (RTECS , 1998)

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS141-78-6 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed ; Listed as: Ethyl acetate
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Assessed under the IRIS program. ; Listed as: Ethyl acetate
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed ; Listed as: Ethyl acetate
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Oral:

Slope Factor:
RfD: 9x10(-1) mg/kg-day

Inhalation:

Unit Risk:
RfC:

Drinking Water:

Unit Risk:

TOXICITY VALUES

References: RTECS, 2002 Budavari, 1996 Sax & Lewis, 1989
- LC50- (INHALATION)MOUSE:
- LC50- (INHALATION)RAT:
- LCLo- (INHALATION)CAT:
- LCLo- (INHALATION)GUINEA_PIG:
- LCLo- (INHALATION)MOUSE:
- LD50- (SUBCUTANEOUS)CAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (SUBCUTANEOUS)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)RAT:
- TCLo- (INHALATION)HUMAN:

CALCULATIONS

AMBIENT CONVERSIONS

CONVERSION FACTORS

1 milligram/Liter = 278 parts per million (Clayton & Clayton, 1982)

1 part per million = 3.60 milligrams/cubic meter (Clayton & Clayton, 1982)

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS141-78-6 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

Ethyl acetate

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 400 ppm
TLV-STEL:
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: Not Listed
Codes: Not Listed
Definitions: Not Listed

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s): URT and eye irr
Molecular Weight: 88.1

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS141-78-6 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS141-78-6 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Listed as: Ethyl acetate
REL:

TWA: 400 ppm (1400 mg/m(3))
STEL:
Ceiling:
Carcinogen Listing: (Not Listed) Not Listed
Skin Designation: Not Listed
Note(s):

IDLH:

IDLH: 2000 ppm
Note(s): [10%LEL]

[10%LEL]: The 10%LEL designation is provided where the IDLH was based on 10% of the lower explosive limit. This is used for safety purposes in some cases even though toxicity is not indicative of irreversible health effects or impairment of escape exists only at higher concentrations.

OSHA PEL Values for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Listed as: Ethyl acetate
Table Z-1 for Ethyl acetate:

8-hour TWA:

ppm: 400

Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25 degrees C and 760 torr.

mg/m3: 1400

Milligrams of substances per cubic meter of air. When entry is in this column only, the value is exact; when listed with a ppm entry, it is approximate.

Ceiling Value:
Skin Designation: No
Notation(s): Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Ethyl acetate
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

5000 (2270)

Additional Information: The following spent non-halogenated solvents and the still bottoms from the recovery of these solvents. (F003)
Listed as: Acetic acid, ethyl ester
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

5000 (2270)

Additional Information:
Listed as: Ethyl acetate
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

5000 (2270)

Additional Information:

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Listed as: Acetic acid ethyl ester
P or U series number: U112
Footnote:
Listed as: Ethyl acetate
P or U series number: U112
Footnote:
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS141-78-6 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS141-78-6 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS141-78-6 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Acetic acid ethyl ester

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1173 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Ethyl acetate

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 3

3: Flammable and combustible liquid. See 49 CFR section 173.120 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1173
Packing Group: II

II: Packing Group II - indicates the degree of danger presented by the material is medium.

Label(s) required (if not excepted): 3

3: Flammable Liquid.

Special Provisions: IB2, T4, TP1

IB2: Authorized IBCs: Metal (31A, 31B and 31N); Rigid plastics (31H1 and 31H2); Composite (31HZ1). Additional Requirement: Only liquids with a vapor pressure less than or equal to 110 kPa at 50 °C (1.1 bar at 122 °F), or 130kPa at 55 °C (1.3 bar at 131 °F) are authorized.
T4: Minimum test pressure (bar): 2.65; Minimum shell thickness (in mm-reference steel) (See sxn.178.274(d)): sxn.178.274(d)(2); Pressure-relief requirements (See sxn.178.275(g)): Normal; Bottom opening requirements (See sxn.178.275(d)): sxn.178.275(d)(3).
TP1: The maximum degree of filling must not exceed the degree of filling determined by the following: [Degree of filling = 97/1+alpha(tr - tf)], where tr is the maximum mean bulk temperature during transport, and tf is the temperature in degrees celsius of the liquid during filling.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: 150
Non-bulk packaging: 202
Bulk packaging: 242

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: 5 L
Cargo aircraft only: 60 L

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: B

B: (i) The material may be stowed "on deck" or "under deck" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers, or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length; and (ii) "On deck only" on passenger vessels in which the number of passengers specified in paragraph (k)(2)(i) of this section is exceeded.

Vessel stowage other: Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1173 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Ethyl acetate
UN Number: 1173

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS141-78-6 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Ethyl Acetate
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 1

(1) Slightly toxic material. May cause irritation, but only minor residual injury even without treatment. Recognized innocuous materials when used with responsible care.

Flammability Rating (Red): 3

(3) Flammable. Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Including liquids with a flash point below 73 degrees F and a boiling point above 100 degrees F, solid materials which form coarse dusts that burn rapidly without becoming explosive, materials which burn rapidly by reason of self-contained oxygen (ie, organic peroxides), and materials which ignite spontaneously when exposed to air.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

(0) Materials which are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

SUMMARY

INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

Wear appropriate clothing to prevent prolonged or repeated skin exposure (Sittig, 1991).
Eye protection should be worn if at risk for eye contact exposure (Sittig, 1991).
Selection of respirator based on estimated exposure concentration is listed below (Sittig, 1991).

1000 ppm: Chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s) with dust and mist filter and full facepiece
5000 ppm: Gas mask with organic vapor canister (chin-style)
10000 ppm: Gas mask with organic vapor canister (front- or back-mounted)/Supplied-air respirator with full facepiece, helmet, or hood/Self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece
Escape: Gas mask with organic vapor canister/Self-contained breathing apparatus

STORAGE

ROOM/CABINET RECOMMENDATIONS

Keep tightly closed in a cool place and away from fire (Budavari, 1996).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 141-78-6.

All data are compiled from published sources and are NOT recommended specifically by Truven Health Analytics. The appearance of specific manufacturers or products in this section does not represent an endorsement by Truven Health Analytics. No attempt has been made to verify the data presented. All product recommendations should be confirmed with the specific manufacturer for verification of product performance.
CLOTHING

Neoprene+Latex

Neese Industries, Inc.

Neoprene splash suits

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not reported
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Neese Industries, Inc., 2003)

Plastic Laminate

DuPont Personal Protection

Tychem F

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.001
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (DuPont, 2003)

Tychem LV

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.001
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (DuPont, 2003)

Tychem ThermoPro

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480 (none detected)
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <0.01
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (DuPont, 2003)

Kimberly-Clark Professional

Hazard-Gard II

Degradation Rating: PASS
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 18
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 0.82
Notes: liquid
Citation: (Kimberly-Clark, 2002)

Polyurethane

Neese Industries, Inc.

Polyurethane splash suits

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not reported
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Neese Industries, Inc., 2003)

Polyvinyl Chloride

Neese Industries, Inc.

PVC splash suits

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not reported
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Neese Industries, Inc., 2003)

Viton/Butyl

Trelleborg-Viking, Inc.

Super

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >240
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: liquid
Citation: (Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2001)

FOOTWEAR

Neoprene

North -- Safety 4H

Neoprene series - specific style not specified

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

Polyvinyl Chloride

North -- Safety 4H

PVC Series - specific style not specified

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

Rubber

North -- Safety 4H

Rubber Series - specific style not specified

Degradation Rating: Fair
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

GLOVES

Butyl

Best Manufacturing

Butyl 878

Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Excellent (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 212
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 8
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

North Safety Products

Butyl Series

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 456
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 3400
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 456
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 3400
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

Butyl/Neoprene

Comasec Safety, Inc

Butyl+Plus

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 230
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 37.2
Notes: tested in accordance with ASTM F739
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)
Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 120
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Latex

Memphis Glove Company

5290 Series Flock-Lined Latex

Degradation Rating: 0 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 6
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Natural Rubber

Ansell

Conform

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): <10
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): <900
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Ansell-Edmont, 2001)

Best Manufacturing

Original Nitty Gritty

Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 126
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 37
Notes: Tested under limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 72
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 284
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Comasec Safety, Inc

Astro-Flex

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 11
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 54
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Black Max

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 30
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 48
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Flexigum

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): non measured
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Jelly Fish

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 11
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 54
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Neoprene

Best Manufacturing

N5 Series

Degradation Rating: Fair (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 40
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 226
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Comasec Safety, Inc

Astro-Prene

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 12
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 48
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

MAPA Spontex, Inc.

Chem-ply/N-440

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 37
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 433
Notes: 99.50%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Stanzoil/NL-34

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 8
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 443
Notes: 99.5+%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Memphis Glove Company

5410S Series Flock-Lined Neoprene

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

6912 Neomax Neoprene

Degradation Rating: 1 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 18
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Neoprene/Natural Rubber

MAPA Spontex, Inc.

Technic/NS-420

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 8
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 950.6
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Two-Tone/NS-53

Degradation Rating: Good
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 8
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 408.1
Notes: 99.50%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Nitrile

Ansell

Touch N Tuff

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Ansell-Edmont, 2001)

Best Manufacturing

N-DEX 7005

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Ultimate N-Dex 9905

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Not Recommended (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 14
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 81
Notes: Tested with Limited Exposure Method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Ultraflex Nitrile 22R

Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 9
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Good (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): None Detected
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 5
Notes: Tested through limited exposure method (ATSM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

Comasec Safety, Inc

Comatril

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 10
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Flexiproof

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 10
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Marigold Industrial

315F

Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 11
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): >1,000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

326Y

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

368R

Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 48
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): >1,000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

CO7B

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

CR30

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

G12T

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

ME104

Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 22
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): >1,000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

U263B/G

Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 18
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): >1,000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

US:173 / CAN:459

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 7
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): >1,000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

US:414 / CAN:454

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Marigold Industrial, 2003)

Memphis Glove Company

5320 Series Flock-Lined Nitrile

Degradation Rating: No Degradation Rating provided
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

9750 Series Predator Nitrile

Degradation Rating: 1 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 22
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

North Safety Products

Nitrile Series

Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 8
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 145000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 8
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 145000
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

Nitrile/Natural Rubber

MAPA Spontex, Inc.

Protector/AFR-282

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 8
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): >35
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2004)

Nitrile+Neoprene+Natural Rubber

Perfect Fit Glove Co, LLC

Trilites/994 Bag

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

Trilites/994 Box

Degradation Rating: Not Tested
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: 99%
Citation: (MAPA Professional, 2003)

Plastic Laminate

North Safety Products

Silver Shield

Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Excellent
Breakthrough Time (minutes): >480
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): None Detected
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

Polyvinyl Chloride

Ansell

Dura-Touch

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Listed
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Listed
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Ansell-Edmont, 2001)

Comasec Safety, Inc

Blockbuster LP

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 19
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 78
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Comastar

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): non measured
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Lion Paw

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 19
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 78
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Normal

Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): non measured
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Presti

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 19
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 78
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Yellow Jacket

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 19
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 78
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Yellow Submarine

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 19
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 78
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)

Memphis Glove Company

6400 Actifresh Green PVC

Degradation Rating: 1 (on a scale of 0 to 6, with 0 offering the least chemical resistance)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 13
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Reported
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Memphis Glove Company, 2001)

Polyvinyl Chloride/Nitrile

Comasec Safety, Inc

Multi+plus

Degradation Rating: Not Listed
Breakthrough Time (minutes): 29
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): 54
Notes: tested in accordance with ASTM F739
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)
Degradation Rating: Not reported
Breakthrough Time (minutes): < 10
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not reported
Notes: tested in conformity with the standard EN 374-3
Citation: (Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)

Viton

North Safety Products

Viton Series

Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Insufficient Data
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Insufficient Data
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)
Degradation Rating: Poor
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Insufficient Data
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Insufficient Data
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (North, 2002)

Viton over Butyl

Best Manufacturing

Viton #890

Degradation Rating: Not Recommended (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Recommended
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Recommended
Notes: Not Listed
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)
Degradation Rating: Not Recommended (after 60 minutes of testing)
Breakthrough Time (minutes): Not Tested
Permeation Rate (mcg/cm2/min): Not Tested
Notes: Tested with limited exposure method (ASTM F 1383)
Citation: (Best Manufacturing, 2004)

GENERAL INFORMATION

This section provides a compilation of chemical resistance information and test data for specific protective clothing products. Chemical resistance information includes both degradation resistance ratings and permeation resistance data. This information is designed to assist in the selection of appropriate protective clothing. Only data on specific products and manufacturers are included. Generic information or recommendations are not provided since significant differences can exist in the chemical resistance for apparent similar product types.
Specific product information is organized by general product type (gloves, garments, and footwear), material type, and manufacturer. The category 'garments' may include totally encapsulating suits, splash suits, as well as other items (e.g., coveralls, jackets, and aprons). Specific manufacturers should be contacted to determine the features of available styles/models.
In addition to chemical resistance information, there are many critical variables in the selection of protective clothing which cannot be represented in this summary of the literature. Some factors to be considered in choosing protective clothing include, but are not limited to: overall clothing integrity, physical hazard resistance, durability, human factors, ease of decontamination, and cost. Overall clothing integrity refers to a specific design's ability to offer consistent protection for all clothing-covered areas of the body. Physical hazards include resisting the effects of abrasion, cuts, tears, and punctures. Human factors entail effects on wearer mobility, visibility, and hearing for garments; dexterity, tactility, and grip for gloves; ankle support and weight for footwear; and, any effect of the clothing on the function of the wearer. There are several variations in the design for gloves, garments, and footwear that affect these factors. Protective clothing must properly be sized and correctly fit the wearer to ensure its proper use and function.
As required in the U.S.A., protective clothing should be selected based on a risk assessment of the workplace. This risk assessment must account for the identification of existing as well as potential hazards and involve the recommendation of protective clothing appropriate for the identified hazards. Therefore, the recommendations in this section should not be used as the sole basis for decisions on choice of protective clothing, but rather should be used as a tool by qualified occupational health and safety professionals or other technically qualified persons in conjunction with a review of all mitigating factors. Consult the OSHA PPE Standard (29 CFR 1910.132 - 1910.138) for regulations and additional guidance regarding the selection and use of protective clothing and equipment. For general information on protective clothing selection, refer to the "PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - OSHA PUB 3077" document.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING SELECTION

Determine the type of protective clothing item needed based on a risk assessment (e.g., gloves, garments, footwear).
For high risk situations, choose clothing that covers all parts of the body that may be exposed. In many cases, multiple clothing items will be required. Low risk situations may permit partial body protective clothing. Select protective clothing products that have reported chemical resistance data. High risk situations involving full body clothing or extended chemical contact often require permeation resistance data to determine the barrier effectiveness of materials used in the construction of clothing. Relatively low risk situations, where only splash or incidental exposure occur, may allow use of protective clothing based on degradation or penetration resistance data. Specifics on the interpretation of chemical resistance data are presented below.
Other factors must be considered in addition to chemical resistance. The selected chemical protective clothing item should offer the optimal combination of protection against identified hazards while allowing maximum function and comfort.

INTERPRETATION OF DEGRADATION RATINGS

Degradation refers to physical changes in a material as the result of chemical exposure. Degradation may become evident in visible changes, such as discoloration, swelling, delamination, deterioration, or disintegration. Degradation effects may also be measured by weight change or other changes in a material's physical properties (e.g., strength, elasticity, hardness).
Degradation resistance ratings are provided by manufacturers to rate the amount of degradation that occurs for a particular protective clothing material when contacted by a chemical. All degradation ratings are qualitative and include ratings, such as "EXCELLENT," "GOOD," "FAIR," "POOR," and "NOT RECOMMENDED." There is no standard test method for the measurement of chemical degradation resistance; therefore, manufacturer ratings may be based on different testing approaches. This makes comparison of degradation ratings between manufacturers unreliable.
The use of degradation resistance ratings alone to recommend protective clothing, particularly for high hazard situations, should be avoided. Degradation resistance testing does not directly assess the barrier quality of protective clothing, since materials can show relatively little degradation but still allow either permeation or penetration by a chemical. Degradation resistance ratings can be used to exclude protective clothing materials from consideration. Protective clothing materials with a "NOT RECOMMENDED" degradation resistance rating should never be used.
For some products, the rating "NO PENETRATION" is provided. This refers to penetration resistance test results that are based on a different procedure (American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 903). Penetration resistance testing involves placing a material sample in a test cell, exposing the exterior side of the material to a chemical, and then observing the interior side of the material for visible signs of liquid penetration. Part of the test is conducted at an elevated pressure. Test results are reported as pass (no penetration) or fail (penetration detected). Unlike degradation testing, penetration testing provides an assessment of protective clothing material barrier performance. Since penetration resistance testing examines only observable amounts of liquid penetration, permeation may still occur. The use of penetration resistance data must be restricted to liquid chemicals, and should be limited to scenarios where there is no reasonable vapor exposure hazard under the conditions of exposure.

INTERPRETATION OF PERMEATION DATA

Permeation is the process of chemical movement through a material on a molecular level. Permeation resistance refers to the ability of a material to retard or prevent chemical movement through it. Permeation may occur without any visible signs of degradation.
Permeation resistance is measured using a test cell which is divided into two halves by a protective clothing specimen. Chemical is placed on the challenge side, while the collection side is periodically monitored for permeating chemical. Permeation data were obtained in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method F 739 (Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Permeation by Liquids and Gases), unless stated otherwise. In the case of chemicals that are classified as warfare agents, the data were obtained in accordance with the Military Standard 282 (MIL-STD-282) (Military Standard, Filter Units, Protective Clothing, Gas-Mask Components, and Related Products: Performance Test Methods).
Permeation rate is the amount of chemical that passes through a material for a measured surface area per unit time. In this section, permeation rate is expressed in micrograms per square centimeter per minute (mcg/cm(2)/min). The reported permeation rate is either the steady-state rate or the maximum rate observed during testing. In some cases, very large permeation rates exceed measurement techniques and are reported as ">" (greater than) or "HIGH."
Breakthrough time is the elapsed time, in minutes, from the time the chemical comes in contact with the material exterior surface, to the time that chemical is detected on the interior surface. When no breakthrough is detected, the breakthrough time is report as ">" the testing period. If permeation breakthrough is rapid, results are reported as "<" (less than) the earlier sampling time or as "IMMEDIATELY" (which usually means breakthrough in less than 4 minutes).
The breakthrough time should exceed the expected use period of the selected protective clothing. Additionally, there are several other factors that must be taken into account to provide appropriate protection.
Permeation testing is usually conducted with full strength, undiluted chemical for the duration of the test period. Actual exposures may involve diluted chemical for short or intermittent exposure periods.
Permeation testing is usually conducted at room temperature. Permeation occurs faster at elevated temperatures (short breakthrough times and higher permeation rates) and slower at reduced temperatures (long breakthrough times and lower permeation rates).
Permeation resistance of mixtures cannot usually be determined on the basis of the individual chemicals making up the mixture. Synergistic effects may occur and result in more rapid permeation than accounted for by the individual mixture chemicals.
Permeation rates may be used to calculate potential wearer exposure; however, several assumptions must be made about the extent of exposure and condition of clothing wear. Furthermore, there are few chemicals with dermal exposure limits, making it difficult to determine an acceptable skin exposure level.

COMPANY INFORMATION

Ansell 200 Schulz Drive Red Bank, NJ 07701 USA Phone: (732) 345-5400 Fax: (800) 800-0445 Toll-Free: (800) 800-0444 Website: http://www.ansellpro.com Email: info@ansell.com
Best Manufacturing 579 Edison Street Menlo, GA 30731 USA Phone: (706) 862-2302 Fax: (706) 862-6000 Toll-Free: (800) 241-0323 Website: http://www.bestglove.com Email: USA@bestglove.com
Comasec Safety, Inc 8 Niblick Road Box 1219 Enfield, CT 06083-1219 USA Phone: (860) 741-2207 Fax: (860) 741-0881 Toll-Free: (800) 333-0219 Website: http://www.comasecsafety.com Email: info@comasecsafety.com
DuPont Personal Protection P. O. Box 80705 Wilmington, DE 19880-0705 USA Phone: (302) 774-1000 Toll-Free: (800) 931-3456 Website: http://personalprotection.dupont.com Email: personalprotection@usa.dupont.com
Kimberly-Clark Professional 1400 Holcomb Bridge Road Roswell, GA 30076 Phone: (800) 255-6401 Fax: (800) 579-3555 Toll-Free: (800) 255-6401 Website: http://www.kcprofessional.com/us/ Email: kcpinfo@kcc.com
MAPA Spontex, Inc. 100 Spontex Dr. Columbia, TN 38401 USA Phone: (800) 537--2897 Fax: (800) 537--3299 Website: http://www.mapaglove.com Email: sales@mapaglove.com
Marigold Industrial 3585 Engineering Drive Suite 200 Box 926090 Norcross, GA 30092 USA Phone: (800) 733-0987 Fax: (800) 786-4564 Toll-Free: (800) 733-0987 Website: http://www.marigoldindustrial.com
Memphis Glove Company 5321 East Shelby Dr. Memphis, TN 38188 USA Phone: (901) 795-0672 Fax: (901) 794-7622 Toll-Free: (800) 955-6887 Website: http://www.memphisglove.com
Neese Industries, Inc. 10646 Airline Hwy Gonzales, LA 70737 USA Phone: (225) 647-6553 Fax: (225) 644-3517 Toll-Free: (800) 535-8042 Website: http://www.neeseind.com Email: customerservice@neeseind.com
North -- Safety 4H 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.safety4.com
North Safety Products 2000 Plainfield Pike Cranston, RI 02921 USA Phone: (800) 430-4110 Fax: (800) 572-6346 Toll-Free: (800) 430-4110 Website: http://www.northsafety.com Email: marketing@northsafety.com
Perfect Fit Glove Co, LLC 85 Innsbruck Dr. Buffalo, NY 14227 USA Phone: (800) 245-6837 Fax: (716) 668-3224 Toll-Free: (800) 245-6837 Website: http://www.perfectfitglove.com Email: perfectfitglove@perfectfitglove.com
Trelleborg-Viking, Inc. 170 West Road Suite 1 Portsmouth, NH 03801 USA Phone: (603) 436-1236 Fax: (603) 436-1392 Toll-Free: (800) 344-4458 Website: http://www.trelleborg.com/protective/ Email: protective@trelleborg.com

REFERENCES

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING CITATIONS

The following sources were consulted for chemical protective clothing data:

(Ansell-Edmont, 2001)
(Bata Shoe Company, 1995)
(Best Manufacturing, 2002)
(Best Manufacturing, 2004)
(Boss Manufacturing Company, 1998)
(ChemFab Corporation, 1993)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003)
(Comasec Safety, Inc., 2003a)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2002)
(DuPont, 2003)
(Guardian Manufacturing Group, 2001)
(ILC Dover, Inc., 1998)
(Kappler Inc., 2001)
(Kimberly-Clark, 2002)
(LaCrosse-Rainfair, 1997)
(MAPA Professional, 2003)
(MAPA Professional, 2004)
(Mar-Mac Manufacturing, Inc, 1995)
(Marigold Industrial, 2003)
(Memphis Glove Company, 2001)
(Montgomery Safety Products, 1995)
(Nat-Wear, 2001)
(Neese Industries, Inc., 2003)
(North, 2002)
(North, 2002)
(Playtex, 1995)
(River City, 1995)
(Safety 4, 2002)
(Servus, 1995)
(Standard Safety Equipment, 1995)
(Tingley, 2002)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2001)
(Trelleborg-Viking, Inc., 2002)
(Wells Lamont Industrial, 2002)
(Workrite, 1997)

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
- Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
- Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
- Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.
- Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire.
- Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Many liquids are lighter than water.
Ethyl acetate is a very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. It can react vigorously with oxidizing materials (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS141-78-6 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Ethyl Acetate
Flammability Rating: 3

(3) Flammable. Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Including liquids with a flash point below 73 degrees F and a boiling point above 100 degrees F, solid materials which form coarse dusts that burn rapidly without becoming explosive, materials which burn rapidly by reason of self-contained oxygen (ie, organic peroxides), and materials which ignite spontaneously when exposed to air.

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.
Do not use dry chemical extinguishers to control fires involving nitromethane or nitroethane.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.
Do not use straight streams.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS141-78-6 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Ethyl Acetate
Extinguishing Method(s): 1, 5

1: "Water may be ineffective" applies to a situation where materials with a flash point below 100 degrees F (37.8 degrees C) are burning. Water will only be effective if used by experienced fire fighters under favorable conditions. Even though water may not put the fire out, it can be used to protect equipment and structures.
5: Flammable liquid fires can be extinguished using carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam, and vaporizing liquid extinguishers, as long as the fires are small to moderate in size and the flammable liquid reservoir is shallow. Use of foam to form a blanket over a flammable liquid is not effective when the liquid is water-soluble. Certain alcohol resistant foams are effective extinguishing agents for polar, non-polar, and water-soluble liquid fires. These foams are preferred for fighting flammable liquid fires except those that involve water reactive flammable liquids.

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

When heated to decomposition, ethyl acetate emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

Ethyl acetate is a moderate explosion hazard when exposed to flame (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

Ethyl acetate forms potentially explosive reactions with lithium tetrahydroaluminate. It ignites on contact with potassium tert-butoxide. It forms a violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid; (lithium aluminum hydride + 2-chloromethyl furan); and oleum (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

When heated to decomposition, ethyl acetate emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Ethyl acetate poses a moderate explosion hazard when exposed to flame (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

Ethyl acetate forms potentially explosive reactions with lithium tetrahydroaluminate. It ignites on contact with potassium tert-butoxide. It forms a violent reaction with chlorosulfonic acid; (lithium aluminum hydride + 2-chloromethyl furan); and oleum (Sax & Lewis, 1989).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

LARGE SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet).

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS141-78-6 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS141-78-6 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Ethyl acetate
TEEL-0 (units = ppm): 400
TEEL-1 (units = ppm): 400
TEEL-2 (units = ppm): 400
TEEL-3 (units = ppm): 2,000
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS141-78-6 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS141-78-6 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

IDLH: 2000 ppm
Note(s): [10%LEL]

([10%LEL]) The 10%LEL designation is provided where the IDLH was based on 10% of the lower explosive limit. This is used for safety purposes in some cases even though toxicity is not indicative of irreversible health effects or impairment of escape exists only at higher concentrations.

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
- Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
- Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.
For small quantities of ethyl acetate, absorb on paper towels. Evaporate in a safe place (such as a fume hood). Allow sufficient time for evaporating vapors to completely clear the hood ductwork. Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. Large quantities can be collected and atomized in a suitable combustion chamber. Ethyl acetate should not be allowed to enter a confined space, such as a sewer, because of the possibility of an explosion (HSDB , 1991).
Ethyl acetate is a good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 degrees C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. It is a good candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 degrees C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. It is a good candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 degrees C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids (HSDB , 1991).
Ethyl acetate will float in slick and dissolve at a moderate rate. It slowly hydrolyzes to acetic acid and ethanol (OHM/TADS , 1991).

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

LARGE SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 129 (ERG, 2004)
- Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
- Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

Ethyl acetate is emitted to the air and discharged into wastewater during its production and use as an industrial solvent and in organic synthesis. It is also released into the air during the formation of whiskey and beer. Humans will be exposed to ethyl acetate in the workplace, by ingesting certain food items (e.g., beer) of which it is a natural component, and while using consumer products such as airplane dopes and nailpolish remover (HSDB , 1991).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

OTHER

OTHER
- TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released on land, ethyl acetate will be lost by evaporation and leaching into groundwater. Biodegradation should also occur because it is readily biodegradable in both aerobic and anaerobic systems, but rates for these processes in natural systems are lacking (HSDB , 1991).
- AQUATIC FATE: If released in water, ethyl acetate will primarily be lost by volatilization (half-life 10 hours from a typical river). Biodegradation should also occur, but rates of biodegradation relevant to natural waters are lacking. Ethyl acetate would not be expected to adsorb to sediment or particulate matter. Bioconcentration in fish would be insignificant (HSDB , 1991).
- ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Ethyl acetate will react with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals (half-life 8.3 days). Under photochemical smog conditions 1.9 to 3.4 percent of the ethyl acetate is lost per hour (HSDB , 1991).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

Ecotoxicity Values (HSDB , 1991):

LC50 Heteropneustes fossilis (common Indian catfish), 212.5 ppm/96 L h/conditions of bioassay not specified

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

88.11 (Budavari, 1996)

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Ethyl acetate is a clear, volatile, flammable liquid with an ether-like, fruity odor and a bittersweet, wine-like burning taste. It has a pleasant taste when diluted (Budavari, 1996) NIOSH, 1990; (HSDB , 1991).

Clear, volatile, fragrant liquid with pleasant taste when diluted (Sax & Lewis, 1987)

No information found at the time of this review.

VAPOR PRESSURE

100 mmHg (at 27.0 degrees C) (Sax & Lewis, 1989)

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

NORMAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

(25 degrees C; 77 degrees F and 760 mmHg)
LIQUID: 0.898 (at 25/25 degrees C) (Budavari, 1989)

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

LIQUID: 0.902 (at 20/4 degrees C) (Budavari, 1989)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

MELTING POINT

-83 degrees C (Budavari, 1989)

BOILING POINT

77 degrees C (Budavari, 1989)

FLASH POINT

7.2 degrees C; 45 degrees F (open cup) (Budavari, 1989) ACGIH, 1986)

-4.44 degrees C; 24 degrees F (closed cup) (ACGIH, 1986)

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE

800 degrees F (Budavari, 1989)

EXPLOSIVE LIMITS

LOWER

2.2% (Budavari, 1989)

UPPER

11.5% (Budavari, 1989; NFPA, 1991) ACGIH, 1986)
9% (Sax & Lewis, 1987; HSDB , 1991; CHRIS , 1991)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

One mL ethyl acetate dissolves in 10 mL water at 25 degrees C. It is more soluble at lower and less soluble at higher temperatures (Budavari, 1989).
64 g/L (at 25 degrees C) (HSDB , 1991)

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Ethyl acetate is miscible with alcohol, acetone, chloroform and ether (Budavari, 1989).
It is soluble in benzene and is miscible in fixed and volatile oils (HSDB , 1991).

OTHER/PHYSICAL

ODOR THRESHOLD

1 ppm (CHRIS , 2002).

SURFACE TENSION

24 dynes/cm (at 20 degrees C) (CHRIS , 1990)

CRITICAL PRESSURE

3.8 MN/m(2) (CHRIS , 1990)

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

250 degrees C (CHRIS , 1990)

HEAT OF COMBUSTION

-5616 cal/g (CHRIS , 1990)

VISCOSITY

0.44 cP (at 25 degrees C) (Weast, 1988-89)

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ETHYL ACETATE

Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents