DIURON

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

STCC NUMBER

4962621 - Diuron (environmentally hazardous substance, solid, not otherwise specified)

DESIGNATIONS

BEILSTEIN HANDBOOK REFERENCE:4-12-00-01263
BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NUMBER:2215168

MOLECULAR FORMULA

C9-H10-Cl2-N2-O

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

151-SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)

SYNONYM REFERENCE

(CHRIS , 2000; HSDB , 2000; Lewis, 2000; NIOSH , 2000; RTECS , 2000; Sittig, 1991)

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

Diuron is used as an herbicide to control the growth of a variety of weeds on numerous crops: field crops, forage crops, fruits, nuts, ornamental crops, and nuts. Diuron is also used for some non-crop applications (AAR, 1998a; EPA, 1988a).

FORMS

Diuron is available as a wettable powder, a suspension concentrate, as pellets/tablets, and a soluble concentrate (EPA, 1988a; Hayes, 1982a).
Grades of purity include a wettable powder at 80%, granular form at 8%, and technical material at 95% (CHRIS, 2000; HSDB, 2000).

SOURCES

Diuron is prepared by the isocyanate addition of 3,4-dichlorophenyl isocyanate with dimethylamine (Ashford, 1994).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

The herbicide diuron is irritating to eyes, nose, throat and skin. It has low acute toxicity, but can be toxic or even fatal by inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion.

In animals, diuron was very toxic, with cumulative effects after repeated dosing, producing anemia and methemoglobinemia when hydrolyzed to dichloroaniline. Symptoms included drowsiness, ataxia, prostration, slowed breathing and death.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin.
Avoid any skin contact.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

Diuron has a low order of acute toxicity in experimental animals. It was not irritating to the skin of guinea pigs (ACGIH, 1986). The primary metabolites found in a woman who had attempted suicide by ingestion of Diuron were 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-urea and 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-methylurea (Geldmacher, 1971).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Diuron was not a skin sensitizer in guinea pigs (ACGIH, 1986). It can contain toxic impurities, such as TETRACHLOROAZOBENZENES, known to cause chloracne, and which may be carcinogens (Taylor, 1979; (Hill, 1981). Chloracne is an extremely refractory form of acne venenata, often accompanied by serious systemic toxicity (Taylor, 1979). Workers engaged in the manufacture of Diuron have developed mild chloracne, and those with chloracne had elevated serum lipids and cholesterol, as well as abnormalities in liver function tests one year later (Scarisbrick & Martin, 1981).

In experimental animal studies, rats developed tolerance to Diuron in relation to the amount of protein in the diet (Boyd & Krupa, 1970). Diuron was an effective inducer of liver microsomal oxidase enzymes, which are often involved in the metabolism of exogenous substances (Schoket & Vincze, 1985); male rats were more sensitive than female rats to enzyme induction (Kinoshita & Dubois, 1970).

Chronic feeding studies in rats and dogs resulted in growth retardation, mild anemia, enlargement of the spleen, sulfhemoglobinemia, and liver enlargement with increased erythropoiesis; female rats were ten times more sensitive than male rats for induction of anemia (Hodge, 1967).

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance;give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

FIRST AID

The following first aid measures are suggested (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

EYE EXPOSURE - Immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Primary eye protection (spectacles or goggles), as defined by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), should be used when working with this chemical. Face shields should only be worn over primary eye protection.

Contact lens use is not recommended when working with this chemical. If contact lenses are worn, then appropriate eye and face protection devices must be used. OSHA emphasizes that dusty and/or chemical environments may represent an additional hazard to contact lens wearers.

DERMAL EXPOSURE - Immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.
INHALATION EXPOSURE - Move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.
ORAL EXPOSURE - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately.
TARGET ORGANS - Eyes, skin, respiratory system and blood.

INHALATION EXPOSURE

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.
METHEMOGLOBINEMIA: Determine the methemoglobin concentration and evaluate the patient for clinical effects of methemoglobinemia (ie, dyspnea, headache, fatigue, CNS depression, tachycardia, metabolic acidosis). Treat patients with symptomatic methemoglobinemia with methylene blue (this usually occurs at methemoglobin concentrations above 20% to 30%, but may occur at lower methemoglobin concentrations in patients with anemia, or underlying pulmonary or cardiovascular disorders). Administer oxygen while preparing for methylene blue therapy.
METHYLENE BLUE: INITIAL DOSE/ADULT OR CHILD: 1 mg/kg IV over 5 to 30 minutes; a repeat dose of up to 1 mg/kg may be given 1 hour after the first dose if methemoglobin levels remain greater than 30% or if signs and symptoms persist. NOTE: Methylene blue is available as follows: 50 mg/10 mL (5 mg/mL or 0.5% solution) single-dose ampules and 10 mg/1 mL (1% solution) vials. Additional doses may sometimes be required. Improvement is usually noted shortly after administration if diagnosis is correct. Consider other diagnoses or treatment options if no improvement has been observed after several doses. If intravenous access cannot be established, methylene blue may also be given by intraosseous infusion. Methylene blue should not be given by subcutaneous or intrathecal injection. NEONATES: DOSE: 0.3 to 1 mg/kg.
Concomitant use of methylene blue with serotonergic drugs, including serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), triptans, and ergot alkaloids may increase the risk of potentially fatal serotonin syndrome.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).
METHEMOGLOBINEMIA: Determine the methemoglobin concentration and evaluate the patient for clinical effects of methemoglobinemia (ie, dyspnea, headache, fatigue, CNS depression, tachycardia, metabolic acidosis). Treat patients with symptomatic methemoglobinemia with methylene blue (this usually occurs at methemoglobin concentrations above 20% to 30%, but may occur at lower methemoglobin concentrations in patients with anemia, or underlying pulmonary or cardiovascular disorders). Administer oxygen while preparing for methylene blue therapy.
METHYLENE BLUE: INITIAL DOSE/ADULT OR CHILD: 1 mg/kg IV over 5 to 30 minutes; a repeat dose of up to 1 mg/kg may be given 1 hour after the first dose if methemoglobin levels remain greater than 30% or if signs and symptoms persist. NOTE: Methylene blue is available as follows: 50 mg/10 mL (5 mg/mL or 0.5% solution) single-dose ampules and 10 mg/1 mL (1% solution) vials. Additional doses may sometimes be required. Improvement is usually noted shortly after administration if diagnosis is correct. Consider other diagnoses or treatment options if no improvement has been observed after several doses. If intravenous access cannot be established, methylene blue may also be given by intraosseous infusion. Methylene blue should not be given by subcutaneous or intrathecal injection. NEONATES: DOSE: 0.3 to 1 mg/kg.
Concomitant use of methylene blue with serotonergic drugs, including serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), triptans, and ergot alkaloids may increase the risk of potentially fatal serotonin syndrome.

EYE EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE

Because of the potential for gastrointestinal irritation and central nervous system depression, DO NOT induce emesis.
Significant esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns may occur following ingestion. The possible benefit of early removal of some ingested material by cautious gastric lavage must be weighed against potential complications of bleeding or perforation.
GASTRIC LAVAGE: Consider after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). Protect airway by placement in the head down left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal intubation. Control any seizures first.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Loss of airway protective reflexes or decreased level of consciousness in unintubated patients; following ingestion of corrosives; hydrocarbons (high aspiration potential); patients at risk of hemorrhage or gastrointestinal perforation; and trivial or non-toxic ingestion.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12 years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.
METHEMOGLOBINEMIA: Determine the methemoglobin concentration and evaluate the patient for clinical effects of methemoglobinemia (ie, dyspnea, headache, fatigue, CNS depression, tachycardia, metabolic acidosis). Treat patients with symptomatic methemoglobinemia with methylene blue (this usually occurs at methemoglobin concentrations above 20% to 30%, but may occur at lower methemoglobin concentrations in patients with anemia, or underlying pulmonary or cardiovascular disorders). Administer oxygen while preparing for methylene blue therapy.
METHYLENE BLUE: INITIAL DOSE/ADULT OR CHILD: 1 mg/kg IV over 5 to 30 minutes; a repeat dose of up to 1 mg/kg may be given 1 hour after the first dose if methemoglobin levels remain greater than 30% or if signs and symptoms persist. NOTE: Methylene blue is available as follows: 50 mg/10 mL (5 mg/mL or 0.5% solution) single-dose ampules and 10 mg/1 mL (1% solution) vials. Additional doses may sometimes be required. Improvement is usually noted shortly after administration if diagnosis is correct. Consider other diagnoses or treatment options if no improvement has been observed after several doses. If intravenous access cannot be established, methylene blue may also be given by intraosseous infusion. Methylene blue should not be given by subcutaneous or intrathecal injection. NEONATES: DOSE: 0.3 to 1 mg/kg.
Concomitant use of methylene blue with serotonergic drugs, including serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs), triptans, and ergot alkaloids may increase the risk of potentially fatal serotonin syndrome.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

The lethal dose to man is approximately 1 cupful (OHM/TADS , 2000)

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS330-54-1 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): A4 ; Listed as: Diuron

A4 :Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen: Agents which cause concern that they could be carcinogenic for humans but which cannot be assessed conclusively because of a lack of data. In vitro or animal studies do not provide indications of carcinogenicity which are sufficient to classify the agent into one of the other categories.

EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Assessed under the IRIS program. ; Listed as: Diuron
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed ; Listed as: Diuron
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Oral:

Slope Factor:
RfD: 2x10(-3) mg/kg-day

Inhalation:

Unit Risk:
RfC:

Drinking Water:

Unit Risk:

TOXICITY VALUES

References: ACGIH, 1991 Budavari, 1996 EPA, 1988 Lewis, 2000 RTECS, 2000
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (SKIN)RABBIT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LD50- (SKIN)RAT:
- LDLo- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- TCLo- (INHALATION)RAT:
- TDLo- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- TDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)MOUSE:
- TDLo- (ORAL)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS330-54-1 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

Diuron

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 10 mg/m(3)
TLV-STEL:
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: A4
Codes: Not Listed
Definitions:

A4: Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen: Agents which cause concern that they could be carcinogenic for humans but which cannot be assessed conclusively because of a lack of data. In vitro or animal studies do not provide indications of carcinogenicity which are sufficient to classify the agent into one of the other categories.

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s): URT irr
Molecular Weight: 233.1

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS330-54-1 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS330-54-1 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Listed as: Diuron
REL:

TWA: 10 mg/m(3)
STEL:
Ceiling:
Carcinogen Listing: (Not Listed) Not Listed
Skin Designation: Not Listed
Note(s):

IDLH: Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: Diuron
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

100 (45.4)

Additional Information:

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS330-54-1 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Listed as: Diuron
Effective Date for Reporting Under 40 CFR 372.30: 1/1/95
Lower Thresholds for Chemicals of Special Concern under 40 CFR 372.28:

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS330-54-1 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS330-54-1 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Urea, N'-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS330-54-1 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

SUMMARY

INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

HSDB (2000) states that under normal storage conditions, dry formulations of diuron are stable.

HANDLING

Contact with eyes, skin and clothing should be avoided, as well as breathing spray mist or dust. Rubber gloves should be used whenever diuron is handled. Contaminated clothing should be washed with soap and hot water before it is re-used (HSDB , 2000) OHM/TADS, 2000).

STORAGE

CONTAINER

Diuron should be stored in tightly closed containers (Sittig, 1991).
Typical storage containers include bags or drums (OHM/TADS , 2000).

ROOM/CABINET RECOMMENDATIONS

Store in a well-ventilated area (OHM/TADS , 2000; Sittig, 1991)

INCOMPATIBILITIES

Diuron is incompatible with strong acids (HSDB , 2000).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

Appropriate chemical clothing, including rubber globes, boots, suits, goggles, and a self-contained breathing apparatus, should be worn to prevent skin contact with diuron. Vapors and dusts should not be breathed in. Use large amounts of water, or soap and water, to wash away material that may have contacted the body. Contaminated clothing and shoes should be removed and isolated at the site. Put on clean, protective clothing before starting work each day (AAR, 1998; CHRIS , 2000; Sittig, 1991).

EYE/FACE PROTECTION

"Eye protection - Wear dust-proof goggles when working with powders or dust, unless full facepiece respiratory protection is worn" (Sittig, 1991).

Do not wear contact lenses when working with diuron (HSDB , 2000).

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

"Respirator Selection - Where the potential exists for exposures over 10 mg/m(3), use a MSHA/NIOSH approved respirator with a pesticide cartridge. More protection is provided by a full facepiece respirator than by a half-mask respirator, and even greater protection is provided by a powered-air purifying respirator. If while wearing a filter, cartridge or canister respirator, you can detect diuron, or in the case of a full facepiece respirator you experience eye irritation, leave the area immediately. Check to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. If it is, replace the filter, cartridge, or canister. If the seal is no longer good, you may need a new respirator. Where the potential for high exposures exists, use an MSHA/NIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in the positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece, hood, or helmet in the continuous flow mode, or use a MSHA/NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode" (Sittig, 1991).

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 330-54-1.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Runoff may pollute waterways.
Although it does not easily ignite, diuron may produce irritating or toxic gases in a fire. This compound decomposes at 180 to 190 degrees C. Individuals fighting fires involving this compound should wear rubber gloves, hats, suits, boots, goggles and a self-contained breathing apparatus (CHRIS , 2000; HSDB , 2000; OHM/TADS , 2000).
At temperatures above 170 degrees C, the production of toxic gases dimethylamine and 3,4-dichlorophenyl isocyanate occurs (Sittig, 1991).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS330-54-1 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS330-54-1 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

As diuron does not burn or burns with difficulty, AAR (1998) suggests using a fire extinguishing agent that is suitable for the surrounding fire type.

Dry chemical, water spray, carbon dioxide, or foam extinguishers should be used to fight fires involving diuron. This compound will not readily ignite (though it may burn) (Sittig, 1991).

HSDB (2000) suggests using fog, foam, or water spray for large fires involving diuron. Because the runoff from water used to control the fire may release poisonous gases or cause water pollution, it should be diked for later disposal.

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

"Toxic combustion products: Chlorides" (OHM/TADS , 2000).
CHRIS (2000) warns that the combustion of diuron produces highly toxic fumes.

EXPLOSION HAZARD

"Explosion Hazard: Explosiveness: Stable" (OHM/TADS , 2000)

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Diuron is hydrolyzed in neutral media at elevated temperatures. Acids and alkalis also cause it to undergo hydrolysis (Hayes, 1982) Pohanish & Green, 1997).

Diuron will decompose at 180 to 190 degrees C (Hayes, 1982).

This compound shows a stability toward moisture and oxidation (is non-corrosive) (Hayes, 1982; Lewis, 1997).

Diuron is incompatible with strong acids (NIOSH , 2000).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 25 to 50 meters (80 to 160 feet) in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS330-54-1 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS330-54-1 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Not Listed

AEGL Values for CAS330-54-1 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS330-54-1 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
- Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
- DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
In case of a spill or leak, area should be evacuated. Inhalation, as well as contact with the solid or dust, should be avoided. Rubber overclothing, gloves, goggles, and a self-contained breathing apparatus should be worn (CHRIS , 2000).
Local health and pollution control agencies should be notified regarding spills of diuron, and water intakes should be protected (CHRIS , 2000)
Land spill - Immediately dike large liquid spills to prevent runoff from entering water sources and sewers. A holding area (pit, pond, lagoon) should be created for the containment of liquid or solid diuron. A plastic sheet can be used to cover solids so that they don't dissolve in rain or water from fire fighting. Absorb bulk liquids with cement powder or fly ash (AAR, 1998; HSDB , 2000)
Water spill - For diuron dissolved in concentrations of 10 ppm or greater, activated carbon should be applied at 10 times the spilled amount; immobilized masses of precipitates and pollutants can be removed through the use of mechanical dredges or lifts (AAR, 1998; HSDB , 2000)
Those individuals not wearing protective equipment should not be allowed near the area of the spill until clean-up is complete. Diuron-containing liquids should be absorbed in dry sand, earth, vermiculite (or other absorbent material), and deposited in a sealed container. Powdered material should be collected and placed in a dry, sealed container (HSDB , 2000; Sittig, 1991)
Because it generates toxic products (3,4-dichloroaniline and dimethylamine), hydrolysis should not be used as a method of disposal. The recommended disposal method for diuron is incineration in a unit with effluent gas scrubbing at a high temperatures (HSDB , 2000; Sittig, 1991).
- Note: Diuron will decompose at 180-190 degrees C into dimethylamine and 3,4-diclorophenylisocyanate. Treating this compound by acid or base at elevated temperatures results in the production of dimethylamine and 3,4-dichloroaniline (Sittig, 1991).
"Spills of pesticides at any stage of their storage or handling should be treated with great care. Liquid formulations may be reduced to solid phase by evaporation. Dry sweeping of solids is always hazardous: These should be removed by vacuum cleaning or by dissolving them in water or other solvent in the factory environment. In the field they may be washed away with water into a suitable soak-hole" (HSDB , 2000).
The National Response Center should be informed when the release or spill of diuron is 100 pounds or greater (HSDB , 2000).

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

Diuron is not known to occur naturally (Howard, 1991).

"Diuron is released to the environment during its use as a pre-emergent herbicide. Releases in wastewater, spills, etc may occur associated with its production, formulation, storage, and transport" (Howard, 1991).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

Appreciable quantities of diuron are not likely to be released to the atmosphere. If, however, this chemical is released, it will be degraded by photolysis with a half-life in hours (Howard, 1991).
In the atmosphere, diuron will undergo a reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals at a half-life of 0.12 days in the vapor phase (Howard, 1991).

WATER

SURFACE WATER
- Diuron will be adsorbed primarily to sediment if released to water; here it may dehalogenate slowly after acclimation. In acclimated organic-rich sediments, degradation occurs at moderate temperatures at a rate of 90% degradation in 8 months. Because biodegradation is surface catalyzed, it is more likely to occur in waters with an abundance of particulate matter. Diuron will likely photolyze within a few days in surface waters. A very low Henry's Law constant prevents diuron from from appreciably volatilizing from water (Howard, 1991).

SOIL

TERRESTRIAL
- A fairly immobile and highly persistent herbicide, diuron has a mean half-life of approximately 330 days when applied to soil. It will not leach below 5 to 10 cm from the surface. 3,4-Dichloroaniline, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) urea, and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea are the metabolites of microbial degradation. Diuron is not expected volatilize significantly from soil given its low vapor pressure and high adsorption to soil. Calculated flux rates from soil are approximately 10(-4) kg/ha/day. 1918 days is the calculated half-life of diuron due to its volatilization from soil when it is placed into 1 cm of soil. If diuron is applied to the surface of the soil without being worked in deeply, some diuron will be lost with evaporating water (Howard, 1991).
- As the clay content and/or the organic matter content in soil increases, diuron's adsorption in soil increases. Diuron in soil is not likely to be lost from photodecomposition. The primary factor in the breakdown of diuron in soil is microbes (EPA, 1988).

BIODEGRADATION

"Diuron is 67-99% degraded in 10 weeks under aerobic conditions by mixed cultures isolated from pond water and sediment forming 6-7 products. The major product was 3,4-dichloroaniline. 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea were also identified" (Howard, 1991).

BIOACCUMULATION

BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR

"The log BCF calculated from the water solubility is 1.88 which indicates that diuron will not bioconcentrate appreciably in fish. The BCF estimated from the water solubility is 75, the BCF estimated from the Koc is 22. However, when roachfish were exposed to 0.2-0.3 ppm for 2 to 3 months in a Russian study, the herbicide was accumulated at greater concentrations than the surrounding water especially in the brain, heart, and muscle" (Howard, 1991).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

LC10 - (WATER) HARLEQUIN FISH, Rasbora heteromorpha, Female: 110 mg/L/24 hr; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) FISH: 3 to 60 ppm (EPA, 1988)

LC50 - (WATER) FISH, Oncorhynchus kisutch: 16,000 mcg/L/H; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - HARLEQUIN FISH (Rasbora hetermorpha), Female: 200 mg/L/24H; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) RAINBOW TROUT: 5.6 mg/L for 96H (Hayes, 1982)

LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL SUNFISH: 5.9 mg/L for 96H (Hayes, 1982)

LC50 - (WATER) GUPPIES: 25 mg/L for 96H (Hayes, 1982)

LC50 - (DIETARY) AVIAN: >1730 ppm (EPA, 1988)

LC50 - (DIETARY) BOBWHITE QUAIL: 1730 mg/kg for 8D (Hayes, 1982)

LC50 - (DIETARY) JAPANESE QUAIL: >5000 mg/kg for 8D (Hayes, 1982)

LC50 - (DIETARY) MALLARD DUCKLING: >5000 mg/kg for 8D (Hayes, 1982)

LC50 - (DIETARY) PHEASANT: >5000 mg/kg for 8D (Hayes, 1982)

LC50 - (ORAL) BOBWHITE QUAIL, 9 days old: 1730 ppm for 5D; 95% confidence limit 1482-2035 ppm (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (ORAL) JAPANESE QUAIL, 12 days old: >5000 ppm -- no mortality to 1250 ppm; 14% at 5000 (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (ORAL) RING-NECKED PHEASANT, 15 days old: >5000 ppm -- no mortality to 1500 ppm; 11% at 2000 ppm; 33% at 4200 ppm (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (ORAL) MALLARD DUCK, 10 days old: approximately 5000 ppm (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (ORAL IN DIET) BOBWHITE: 2000-2200

mg/kg for 5D (OHM/TADS , 2000)

LC50 - (ORAL IN DIET) COTURNIX: >5000 mg/kg for 5D (OHM/TADS , 2000)

LC50 - (ORAL IN DIET) MALLARD: >5000 mg/kg for 5D (OHM/TADS , 2000)

LC50 - (ORAL IN DIET) PHEASANT: >5000 mg/kg for 5D (OHM/TADS , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) ASELLUS: 15.5 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 0.13-0.19 mg/L; at 21 degrees C, mature; 95% technical grade; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonated and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) FASCIATUS: 0.16 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 0.9-1.7 mg/L; at 15 degrees C; second year class; 95% technical grade; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) PTERONARCYS: 1.2 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 0.9-1.7 mg/L; at 15 degrees C; second year class; 95% technical grade; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) CUTTHROAT TROUT: 1.4 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 1.1-1.9 mg/L; at 10 degrees C; weight 0.3 g; 95% technical grade; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) RAINBOW TROUT: 4.9 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 1.1-1.9 mg/L; at 10 degrees C; weight 0.3 g; 95% technical grade; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) RAINBOW TROUT: 16 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 11-23 mg/L; at 13 degrees C; weight 1.2g; 30% wettable powder; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) LAKE TROUT: 2.7 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 2.4-3.0 mg/L; 10 degrees C; weight 1.5g; 95% technical grade; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL: 8.2 mg/L/96H; 95% confidence limit 7.4-9.1 mg/L; at 18 degrees C; weight 0.8g; 95% technical grade; static bioassay without aeration; pH 7.2-7.5; water hardness 40-50 mg/L as calcium carbonate and alkalinity of 30-35 mg/L (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) CRUSTACEAN (Gammarus lacustris): 160 mcg/L/96H; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) CRUSTACEAN (Gammarus fasciatus): 700 mcg/L/96H; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) CRUSTACEAN (Simocephalus serrulatus) - 2000 mcg/L/48H; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) CLADOCERAN (Daphnia pulex): 1400 mcg/L/48H; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) CLADOCERAN (Daphnia magna): 1400 mcg/L/24H; conditions of bioassay not specified (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) INSECT (Pteronarcys): 1.2 mcg/L/48H (HSDB , 2000)

LC50 - (WATER) INSECT (Pteronarcys californica): 1200 mcg/L/96H (HSDB , 2000)

LD50 - (ORAL) AVIAN: >2000 ppm (EPA, 1988)

LD50 - (ORAL) YOUNG MALLARDS: >2000 mg/kg (OHM/TADS , 2000)

FRESHWATER TOXICITY (OHM/TADS , 2000):

LC50 - (WATER) STRIPED BASS LARVAE: 0.5 ppm for 48-96H; static
LC50 - (WATER) SALMON: 16 ppm for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) RAINBOW TROUT: 4.3 ppm for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) LARGEMOUTH BASS: 42 ppm for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) COHO SALMON: 16 ppm for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL: 27 ppm for 24H - 12.7 degrees C
LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL: 12 ppm for 24H
LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL: 17 ppm for 24H - 18.3 degrees C
LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL: 7.4 ppm for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL: 9.7 ppm for 24H - 23.8 degrees C
LC50 - (WATER) BLUEGILL: 4.0 ppm for 96H
LC50 - (WATER) STRIPED BASS FINGERLING: 14 ppm for 24H; static
LC50 - (WATER) STRIPED BASS FINGERLING: 8 ppm for 48H; static
LC50 - (WATER) STRIPED BASS FINGERLING: 6 ppm for 72-96H; static
LC50 - (WATER) STRIPED BASS FINGERLING: 3 ppm for 96H; static; karmex
LC50 - (WATER) STRIPED BASS FINGERLING: 3 ppm for 24H; static
LC50 - (WATER) NAIADS, Pteronarcys Californica: 0.0012 ppm for 96H; 15.5 degrees C
LC50 - (WATER) P. CALIFORNICA: 3.6 ppm for 24H
LC50 - (WATER) P. CALIFORNICA: 2.8 ppm for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) P.CALIFORNICA: 1.2 ppm for 96H - 15.5 degrees C
LC50 - (WATER) G. LACUSTRIS: 0.7 ppm for 24H
LC50 - (WATER) G. LACUSTRIS: 0.38 for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) G. FASCIATUS: 0.7 ppm for 96H - static
EC50 - (WATER) D. PULEX: 1.4 ppm for 48H
EC50 - (WATER) SIMOCEPHALUS SERRULATUS: 2 ppm for 48H
EC50 - (WATER) RAINBOW: 4.3 ppm for 48H
TC - (WATER) COHO: 16 ppm for 48H - 50% kill
TC - (WATER) BASS BLUEGILL: 5-10 ppm -- some kill; pond test environment
LC - (WATER) BASS BLUEGILL: 10 ppm -- all kill; pond test environment
TLm - (WATER) COHO: 33 ppm for 24H
TC - (WATER) SIMOCEPHALUS SERRULATUS: 2.0 ppm for 64H -- immobilized; 78 degrees F
TC - (WATER) D. PULEX: 1.4 ppm for 64H -- immobilized; 78 degrees F

SALTWATER TOXICITY (OHM/TADS , 2000):

NOEL - (WATER) BROWN SHRIMP: 1.0 ppm for 24H
NOEL - (WATER) BROWN SHRIMP: 1.0 ppm for 48H
LC50 - (WATER) HARD CLAM EGGS: 2.5 ppm for 48H; static
LC50 - (WATER) HARD CLAM LARVAE: >5.0 ppm for 288H; static
TC - (WATER) MARINE PLANKTON: 0.004-0.04 -- lethal or no growth
EC50 - (WATER) OYSTER: 1.8 ppm for 96H
EC50 - (WATER) STRIPED MULLET: 6.3 for 48H
TC - (WATER) PHYTOPLANKTON: 1 ppm for 4H -- 87% inhibition

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

233.09

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Diuron is a white, odorless, and crystalline solid (AAR, 1998; ACGIH, 1991; Sittig, 1991).

VAPOR PRESSURE

3.1 x 10(-6) mmHg (at 50 degrees C) (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1996; OHM/TADS , 2000)

0.41 mPa (at 50 degrees C) (Hayes, 1982)

2.7 x 10(-6) mmHg (at 30 degrees C) (Howard, 1991)

2 x 10(-7) mmHg (at 30 degrees C) (Lewis, 1997)

2 x 10(-9) mmHg (CHRIS , 2000)

8.25 x 10(-9) mmHg (at 25 degrees C) (HSDB , 2000)

148 x 10(-5) mmHg (at 100 degrees C) (HSDB , 2000)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

FREEZING POINT

316 degrees F (CHRIS, 2000)

MELTING POINT

158-159 degrees C; 316.4-318.2 degrees F; 431.2-432.2 K (ACGIH, 1996; Budavari, 1996a; CHRIS, 2000; Hayes, 1982a; Howard, 1991a)
159 degrees C (Lewis, 1997a)
158 degrees C (OHM/TADS , 2000)
153.5 to 155 degrees C (Lewis, 1996)

BOILING POINT

Diuron decomposes at 180 to 190 degrees C (Howard, 1991).

Decomposes at 180 degrees C (Lewis, 1997)

Decomposes at 190 degrees C (OHM/TADS , 2000)

180-190 degrees C; 356-374 degrees F; 453.2-463.2 K (at 1 atm) (CHRIS , 2000)

356 degrees F (decomposes) (NIOSH , 2000)

Decomposes at 189 to 190 degrees C (ACGIH, 1991).

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

42 ppm at 25 degrees C (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1996; Hayes, 1982; Lewis, 1997).
37.3 ppm (at 25 degrees C) (Howard, 1991)
0.004% (NIOSH , 2000)

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

very low solubility/sparingly soluble in hydrocarbon solvents (ACGIH, 1991; Budavari, 1996; Lewis, 1997)
In acetone: 53 g/kg (at 27 degrees C) (Hayes, 1982; HSDB , 2000)
In butyl stearate: 1.4 g/kg (at 27 degrees C) (Hayes, 1982)
In benzene: 1.2 g/kg (at 27 degrees C) (Hayes, 1982)
In refined cottonseed oil: 900 ppm (at 27 degrees C) (HSDB , 2000)

OCTANOL/WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT

Log Kow = 2.77 (Howard, 1991)

Log Kow = 2.68 (HSDB , 2000)

HENRY'S CONSTANT

2.7 x 10(-6) (calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure) (Howard, 1991)

-REFERENCES

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65 FR 77866: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2000.

66 FR 21940: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2001.

67 FR 7164: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2002.

68 FR 42710: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2003.

69 FR 54144: Notice of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances - Proposed AEGL Values, Environmental Protection Agency, NAC/AEGL Committee. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Publishing Office (GPO), Washington, DC, 2004.

AAR: Emergency Handling of Hazardous Material in Surface Transportation, Hazardous Materials Systems (BOE), Association of American Railroads, Washington, DC, 1998a.

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Burgess JL, Kirk M, Borron SW, et al: Emergency department hazardous materials protocol for contaminated patients. Ann Emerg Med 1999; 34(2):205-212.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Perfluoroisobutylene (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2009d. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480a7e26a&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Propargyl Alcohol (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006e. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020ec91&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Selenium Hexafluoride (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006f. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020ec55&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

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Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents