DIMETHYL PHTHALATE

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

MOLECULAR FORMULA

C10-H10-O4

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

131-FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - TOXIC

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

Dimethyl phthalate is used as a solvent, plasticizer, in varnishes, rocket propellants, perfumes, safety glass, and chemical lights, and was used during World War II as a mosquito and insect repellent (HSDB).

FORMS

DIMETHYL PHTHALATE is a colorless to pale yellow, oily, viscous liquid with a slight ester odor (HSDB). It is practically insoluble in water (0.43 gm/100 mL), and is miscible with alcohol, ether, and chloroform (HSDB).
Dimethyl phthalate is metabolized to monomethylphthalate and phthalic acid in rats and humans (HSDB).
The toxicology of dimethyl phthalate has been reviewed (Anon, 1985).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

ACUTE TOXICITY - Dimethyl phthalate is of low-order acute toxicity (Hathaway et al, 1991).

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE -

Dimethyl phthalate is irritating to mucous membranes and eyes (Budavari, 1989).
It can cause central nervous system depression when ingested (Budavari, 1989).
It is not irritating to or absorbed through the skin (Budavari, 1989).
Exposure to dimethyl phthalate occurs from spray or mist, rather than from the vapor, unless heat is applied (ACGIH, 1991).
Accidental ingestion in one case (concentration not reported) resulted in an immediate burning sensation of the lips, tongue, and mouth, followed two hours later by a deep coma (HSDB , 1993).
Contact with the eyes produces considerable pain, but causes either no damage or only slight reversible disturbance of the epithelium (HSDB , 1993).

CONGENITAL ANOMALY -

Dimethyl phthalate causes experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Mutation data have been reported (Lewis, 1992).

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin.
Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

Dimethyl phthalate has very low toxicity in experimental animals exposed by the oral, inhalation, and dermal routes. It is not irritating (Anon, 1985), but is absorbed through intact skin (HSDB). It can cause respiratory tract irritation, eye pain, and stomach irritation (HSDB). Inhalation has been reported to cause respiratory tract irritation and coughing (HSDB).

While most reviewers have minimized the toxicity of dimethyl phthalate, there have been reported poisonings from ingestion of a product also containing METHYL ETHYL KETONE PEROXIDE . In these cases, a burning sensation in the mouth, vomiting, diarrhea, and deep coma (HSDB), followed by fatal liver and kidney failure and pneumonitis have been seen (Burger & Chandor, 1971). However, it would appear that these effects were due primarily to the methyl ethyl ketone peroxide component.

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Dimethyl phthalate was not a sensitizer in guinea pigs (HSDB) and has not been reported to be a sensitizer from its use during World War II as an insect repellent (ACGIH, 1986); however, it has been called an allergen in one Russian study of human patch testing (Brusilovskii, 1975).

Patients with occupational dimethyl phthalate exposure (mixed with other phthalates) have reported pain, numbness, and muscle spasms in the extremities (ACGIH, 1986).

When given to rats at a dose of 20,000 mg/kg in the diet, it had no effect (HSDB).

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
Wash skin with soap and water.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

GENERAL -

The following information is for Insect Repellents in general.
DERMAL EXPOSURE -

Wash affected areas twice with copious amounts of soap and water. Alcohol-detergent solutions such as "green soap" are most efficient for this purpose. A physician may need to examine the exposed area if irritation or pain persist after the area is washed.

EYE EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE -

EMESIS -

Coma and seizures can occur rapidly following ingestion. Ipecac-induced emesis is not recommended.

Significant esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns may occur following ingestion. The possible benefit of early removal of some ingested material by cautious gastric lavage must be weighed against potential complications of bleeding or perforation.
GASTRIC LAVAGE: Consider after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). Protect airway by placement in the head down left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal intubation. Control any seizures first.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Loss of airway protective reflexes or decreased level of consciousness in unintubated patients; following ingestion of corrosives; hydrocarbons (high aspiration potential); patients at risk of hemorrhage or gastrointestinal perforation; and trivial or non-toxic ingestion.

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12 years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.
SEIZURES: Administer a benzodiazepine; DIAZEPAM (ADULT: 5 to 10 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 20 minutes as needed. CHILD: 0.1 to 0.5 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes; up to a maximum of 10 mg/dose. May repeat dose every 5 to 10 minutes as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT: 2 to 4 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed, if seizures persist. CHILD: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes, up to a maximum of 4 mg/dose; may repeat in 5 to 15 minutes as needed, if seizures continue).

Consider phenobarbital or propofol if seizures recur after diazepam 30 mg (adults) or 10 mg (children greater than 5 years).
Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory depression, and need for endotracheal intubation. Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances, and hypoxia.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

The minimum lethal human dose to this agent has not been delineated.

ANIMAL DATA

Applied to 10% of the body surface of rabbits for 90 days, 4.0 mL/kg caused some deaths with pulmonary edema and slight renal damage; no skin irritation was observed (Hathaway et al, 1991).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE

A solution, including 2% dimethyl phthalate in petrolatum, was not irritating to humans following 48-hour patch tests (Hathaway et al, 1991).
Accidental ingestion in one case (concentration not reported) resulted in an immediate burning sensation of the lips, tongue, and mouth, followed two hours later by a deep coma (HSDB , 1993).
Contact with the eyes produces considerable pain, but causes either no damage or only slight reversible disturbance of the epithelium (HSDB , 1993).

ANIMAL DATA

Rats fed 4 and 8% dimethyl phthalate in the diet showed slight but significant changes in growth; chronic nephritis was seen at the higher dose, but mortality rates were the same as for controls (Hathaway et al, 1991).
Instilled into rabbit eyes, the undiluted liquid produced no grossly observable irritation for up to 48 hours (Hathaway et al, 1991).
Intraperitoneal injection of pregnant rats with 10, 33, or 50% of the LD50 (3.4 mL/kg) on days 5, 10, and 15 of gestation resulted in litters with an increased number of skeletal abnormalities (Hathaway et al, 1991).

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS131-11-3 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed ; Listed as: Dimethyl phthalate
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): D ; Listed as: Dimethyl phthalate

D : Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity.

IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed ; Listed as: Dimethylphthalate
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Oral:

Slope Factor:
RfD:

Inhalation:

Unit Risk:
RfC:

Drinking Water:

Unit Risk:

TOXICITY VALUES

References: Lewis, 1992 RTECS, 1993
- LCLo- (INHALATION)CAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)CHICKEN:
- LD50- (ORAL)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (SKIN)GUINEA_PIG:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)RABBIT:
- LD50- (SKIN)RABBIT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LDLo- (SUBCUTANEOUS)MOUSE:
- TDLo- (INTRAPERITONEAL)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS131-11-3 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Editor's Note: The listed values are recommendations or guidelines developed by ACGIH(R) to assist in the control of health hazards. They should only be used, interpreted and applied by individuals trained in industrial hygiene. Before applying these values, it is imperative to read the introduction to each section in the current TLVs(R) and BEI(R) Book and become familiar with the constraints and limitations to their use. Always consult the Documentation of the TLVs(R) and BEIs(R) before applying these recommendations and guidelines.

Adopted Value

Dimethyl phthalate

TLV:

TLV-TWA: 5 mg/m(3)
TLV-STEL:
TLV-Ceiling:

Notations and Endnotes:

Carcinogenicity Category: Not Listed
Codes: Not Listed
Definitions: Not Listed

TLV Basis - Critical Effect(s): Eye and URT irr
Molecular Weight: 194.19

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from ppm to mg/m(3):

[(TLV in ppm)(gram molecular weight of substance)]/24.45

For gases and vapors, to convert the TLV from mg/m(3) to ppm:

[(TLV in mg/m(3))(24.45)]/gram molecular weight of substance

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS131-11-3 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS131-11-3 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Listed as: Dimethylphthalate
REL:

TWA: 5 mg/m(3)
STEL:
Ceiling:
Carcinogen Listing: (Not Listed) Not Listed
Skin Designation: Not Listed
Note(s):

IDLH:

IDLH: 2000 mg/m3
Note(s): Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Listed as: Dimethylphthalate
Table Z-1 for Dimethylphthalate:

8-hour TWA:

ppm:

Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25 degrees C and 760 torr.

mg/m3: 5

Milligrams of substances per cubic meter of air. When entry is in this column only, the value is exact; when listed with a ppm entry, it is approximate.

Ceiling Value:
Skin Designation: No
Notation(s): Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Listed as: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

5000 (2270)

Additional Information:
Listed as: Dimethyl phthalate
Final Reportable Quantity, in pounds (kilograms):

5000 (2270)

Additional Information:

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Listed as: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester
P or U series number: U102
Footnote:
Listed as: Dimethyl phthalate
P or U series number: U102
Footnote:
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS131-11-3 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Listed as: Dimethyl phthalate
Effective Date for Reporting Under 40 CFR 372.30: 1/1/87
Lower Thresholds for Chemicals of Special Concern under 40 CFR 372.28:

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS131-11-3 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS131-11-3 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS131-11-3 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Dimethyl Phthalate
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 1

(1) Slightly toxic material. May cause irritation, but only minor residual injury even without treatment. Recognized innocuous materials when used with responsible care.

Flammability Rating (Red): 1

(1) Slightly combustible. Materials that require considerable preheating before ignition can occur. This rating includes most ordinary combustible materials.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 0

(0) Materials which are normally stable, even under fire conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 131-11-3.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)
- HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
- Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
- Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
- Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.
- Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire.
- Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Many liquids are lighter than water.
Dimethyl phthalate is combustible when exposed to heat or flame (Lewis, 1992).
It can react with oxidizing materials (Lewis, 1992).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS131-11-3 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Dimethyl Phthalate
Flammability Rating: 1

(1) Slightly combustible. Materials that require considerable preheating before ignition can occur. This rating includes most ordinary combustible materials.

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

CAUTION: All these products have a very low flash point: Use of water spray when fighting fire may be inefficient.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS131-11-3 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Dimethyl Phthalate
Extinguishing Method(s): 2

2: "Water or foam may cause frothing" refers to a situation where materials with a flash point above 212 degrees F (100 degrees C) are burning. Potentially violent frothing can be dangerous to fire fighters near the burning liquid. However, when highly viscous liquids are burning, fire fighters can intentionally cause frothing on the liquid surface to prevent further introduction of oxygen.

To fight fire, use carbon dioxide or dry chemical (Lewis, 1992).

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

When heated to decomposition, dimethyl phthalate emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Lewis, 1992).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

When heated to decomposition, dimethyl phthalate emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Lewis, 1992).

Exposure to dimethyl phthalate occurs from spray or mist, rather than from the vapor, unless heat is applied (ACGIH, 1991).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

Dimethyl phthalate is incompatible with nitrates, strong oxidizers, strong alkalies, and strong acids (HSDB , 1993).

It is combustible when exposed to heat or flame (Lewis, 1992).

Dimethyl phthalate can react with oxidizing materials (Lewis, 1992).

When heated to decomposition, dimethyl phthalate emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes (Lewis, 1992).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances (ERG, 2004)

Data presented from the Emergency Response Guidebook Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances are for use when a spill has occurred and there is no fire. If there is a fire, or if a fire is involved, evacuation information presented under FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES should be used.
Generally, a small spill is one that involves a single, small package such as a drum containing up to approximately 200 liters, a small cylinder, or a small leak from a large package. A large spill is one that involves a spill from a large package, or multiple spills from many small packages.
Suggested distances to protect from vapors of toxic-by-inhalation and/or water-reactive materials during the first 30 minutes following the spill.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131(ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS131-11-3 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS131-11-3 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Dimethylphthalate
TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 5
TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 15
TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 25
TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 500
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS131-11-3 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS131-11-3 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

IDLH: 2000 mg/m3
Note(s): Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)
- Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
"At the time of this review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices." (HSDB , 1993)
Dimethyl phthalate is a good candidate for liquid injection incineration, rotary kiln incineration, and fluidized bed incineration (HSDB , 1993).
Resin adsorption, activated carbon, chemical precipitation, and biological treatment are all potential wastewater treatment technologies for dimethyl phthalate (HSDB , 1993).

SMALL LEAK/SPILL

SMALL SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)
- Absorb with earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers for later disposal.
- Use clean non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material.

LARGE LEAK/SPILL

LARGE SPILL PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 131 (ERG, 2004)
- Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.
- Water spray may reduce vapor; but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces.

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

Dimethyl phthalate is released into the environment principally in industrial wastewater from its production and use as a plasticizer and mosquito repellent (HSDB , 1993).

Air: If released into air, dimethyl phthalate will most probably exist as an aerosol and be subject to gravitational settling. It will be attacked by photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals resulting in an estimated half-life of 23.8 hours (HSDB , 1993).

Water: If released into water, dimethyl phthalate will primarily remain in the water column since it weakly sorbs to soil and sediment. Biodegradation will be the principal loss process in fresh water with a half-life of less than 11 days in river water. However, based on concentration measurements between sampling points on the Rhine River, the half-life was determined to be only 0.2 days. The rate of biodegradation in sea water is much longer. Although dimethyl phthalate biodegrades under anaerobic conditions, its fate in groundwater in unknown. In situations where biodegradation is less important, other loss processes may be significant, such as volatilization (shallow oligotrophic lakes or salt water bays), hydrolysis (alkaline bodies of water), and photolysis (clear surface waters), although data for the latter process are conflicting. Dimethyl phthalate will not bioconcentrate in fish (HSDB , 1993).

Water: Dimethyl phthalate hydrolyzes very slowly under most environmental conditions, with a calculated half-life 3.2 years. Acids and bases catalyze hydrolysis (OHM/TADS , 1993).

Soil: If spilled on land, dimethyl phthalate should weakly sorb to most soils unless the soil has a very high organic content. Therefore, leaching through most soils to groundwater is expected. It is readily biodegraded, especially after a short period of acclimation; however, no data could be found for environmental samples (HSDB , 1993).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

OTHER

OTHER
- AIR: The half-life for dimethyl phthalate in air via reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals is estimated to be 23.8 hours (HSDB , 1993).
- WATER: The half-life for dimethyl phthalate in fresh water (river water) via biodegradation is between 0.2 and 11 days. The rate of biodegradation in sea water is much longer (20 to 32% degradation occurring in 2 weeks) (HSDB , 1993).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

ECOTOXICITY VALUES (HSDB , 1993):

EC50, Selenastrum capricornutum (alga), 42,700 mcg/L/96 hours, effect: Chlorophyll a, conditions of bioassay not specified
EC50, Selenastrum capricornutum (alga), 39,800 mcg/L/96 hours, effect: cell number, conditions of bioassay not specified
EC50, Skeletonema costatum (alga), 26,100 mcg/L/96 hours, effect: Chlorophyll a, conditions of bioassay not specified
EC50, Skeletonema costatum (alga), 29,800 mcg/L/96 hours, effect: cell number, conditions of bioassay not specified
TLm, Gymnodinium breve, 0.6 ppm/96 hours, conditions of bioassay not specified
EC50, Gymnodinium breve (alga), 54,000 mcg/L/96 hours, effect: Chlorophyll a, conditions of bioassay not specified
EC50, Gymnodinium breve (alga), 125,000 mcg/L/96 hours, effect: cell number, conditions of bioassay not specified

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

194.19

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Dimethyl phthalate is an oily liquid with a slight odor (Merck & Co., 2003).

It crystallizes at 0 degrees C; pale yellow crystals (ACGIH, 1991; (HSDB , 1993).

VAPOR PRESSURE

< 0.01 mmHg (at 20 degrees C) (Merck & Co., 2003)

1 mmHg (at 100.3 degrees C) (Lewis, 1992)

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

NORMAL TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE

(25 degrees C; 77 degrees F and 760 mmHg)
LIQUID: 1.189 (at 25/25 degrees C) (Merck & Co., 2003)

OTHER TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE

LIQUID: 1.196 (at 15.6/15.6 degrees C) (Merck & Co., 2003)
LIQUID: 1.1940 (at 20/20 degrees C) (Merck & Co., 2003)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

FREEZING POINT

approximately 0 degrees C (commercial product) (Merck & Co., 2003)

MELTING POINT

5.5 degrees C(HSDB, 2005)

BOILING POINT

283.7 degrees C (at 760 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

257.8 degrees C (at 400 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

232.7 degrees C (at 200 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

210.0 degrees C (at 100 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

194.0 degrees C (at 60 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

182.8 degrees C (at 40 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

164.0 degrees C (at 20 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

147.6 degrees C (at 10 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

131.8 degrees C (at 5 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

100.3 degrees C (at 1 mmHg) (Merck & Co., 2003)

FLASH POINT

146 degrees C; 295 degrees F (Merck & Co., 2003)

AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE

1032 degrees F (Lewis, 1992)

EXPLOSIVE LIMITS

LOWER

0.9% (ACGIH, 1991; (CHRIS , 1993)

UPPER

8% (CHRIS , 1993)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Dimethyl phthalate is practically insoluble in water (0.43 g/100 mL) (Merck & Co., 2003).

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Dimethyl phthalate is practically insoluble in petroleum ether, and other paraffin hydrocarbons (Merck & Co., 2003).
It is miscible with alcohol, ether, and chloroform (Merck & Co., 2003).
It is soluble in mineral oil (0.34 g/100 g) at 20 degrees C (Merck & Co., 2003).

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Ethylbenzene (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2008g. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=09000064809203e7&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

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National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Germane (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2008j. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=0900006480963906&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Hexafluoropropylene (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2006. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=09000064801ea1f5&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Ketene (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2007. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020ee7c&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-15.

National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for Magnesium Aluminum Phosphide (Proposed). United States Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, DC. 2005h. Available from URL: http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/contentStreamer?objectId=090000648020c5ed&disposition=attachment&contentType=pdf. As accessed 2010-08-16.

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DIMETHYL PHTHALATE

Classification | Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents