DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE CITRATE

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.

MOLECULAR FORMULA

C10H21N3O.C6H8O7

ERG GUIDE NUMBER

151-SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)

SYNONYM REFERENCE

(RTECS , 1990; Budavari, 1989; Sax & Lewis, 1989; EPA, 1985)

USES/FORMS/SOURCES

USES

Diethylcarbamazine citrate is a synthetic piperazine anthelmintic compound used in animals and humans for the treatment of Bancroft's filariasis, onchocerciasis, ascariasis, tropical eosinophilia, and loiasis (EPA, 1985; Budavari, 1989).

FORMS

The following information is a composite of effects of diethylcarbamazine and its various salts. Not all the effects may have been documented for diethylcarbamazine citrate. Effects specific for this compound have been noted.

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

Diethylcarbamazine citrate is a synthetic piperazine anthelmintic compound used in animals and humans for the treatment of Bancroft's filariasis, onchocerciasis, ascariasis, tropical eosinophilia, and loiasis. No deaths have been reported due to diethylcarbamazine citrate alone (ie, in patients without infestation with microfilariae).

Most of the severe clinical effects following ingestion are due to allergic reactions to the protein substance elaborated by the dying microfilariae and not to diethylcarbamazine alone. The minimum toxic or lethal dose is not known.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin.
Avoid any skin contact.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS

Diethylcarbamazine eyedrops have been used and well tolerated (Ben-Sira & Aviel, 1970). When diethylcarbamazine is given orally or topically to infected patients, a severe reaction may occur secondary to local destruction of microfilariae, including corneal opacities, anterior uveitis, visual field restriction, optic atrophy, punctate keratitis, and chorioretinal changes (Bird & El Sheikh, 1980; Taylor & Green, 1981; Greene et al, 1983; Taylor et al, 1986; Grant, 1986; Berghout, 1987).

Hypotension, followed by a hypertensive effect, and atrial depression have been seen in experimental animals (Abaitey & Parratt, 1976; Desowitz et al, 1978; Ojewole & Onejeme, 1983; Naeije et al, 1986). Acute respiratory distress occurred in a child (Fuglsang & Anderson, 1974).

Other possible effects include headache, seizures, vomiting, fever, and an allergic reaction (Harned et al, 1948; Bryceson et al, 1977).

CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS

Diethylcarbamazine citrate has been used in the treatment of asthma with varying results (Mallen, 1965; Mallen, 1971).

Adverse effects noted during treatment with diethylcarbamazine include proteinuria (protein in the urine), a small reduction in the eosinophil count, and pruritic reactions (Benner & Lowell, 1970) Anon, 1980; (Greene et al, 1980; Ngu et al, 1980).

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance;give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

INHALATION EXPOSURE

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.
The hazards of inhalation exposure are not known. All persons with significant inhalation exposure of diethylcarbamazine citrate should be transported to a hospital and carefully observed under controlled conditions for possible development of clinical signs and symptoms.

DERMAL EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).
The hazards of dermal exposure are not known. All persons with significant dermal exposure to diethylcarbamazine citrate should be transported to a hospital and carefully observed under controlled conditions for possible development of clinical signs and symptoms.

EYE EXPOSURE

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.

ORAL EXPOSURE

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12 years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.
Monitor ECG and vital signs closely.
Obtain a baseline CBC.
SEIZURES: Administer a benzodiazepine; DIAZEPAM (ADULT: 5 to 10 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 20 minutes as needed. CHILD: 0.1 to 0.5 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes; up to a maximum of 10 mg/dose. May repeat dose every 5 to 10 minutes as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT: 2 to 4 mg IV initially; repeat every 5 to 10 minutes as needed, if seizures persist. CHILD: 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg IV over 2 to 5 minutes, up to a maximum of 4 mg/dose; may repeat in 5 to 15 minutes as needed, if seizures continue).

Consider phenobarbital or propofol if seizures recur after diazepam 30 mg (adults) or 10 mg (children greater than 5 years).
Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory depression, and need for endotracheal intubation. Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances, and hypoxia.

ALLERGIC REACTIONS - Prednisolone or dexamethasone along with cyproheptadine or other antihistamines may be useful in controlling some of the allergic and other adverse reactions. Prednisolone was reported to have been useful in the treatment of encephalitis following diethylcarbamazine.
ENHANCED ELIMINATION - Enhancement of excretion may be of value, but no studies exist to confirm this. Hemodialysis and charcoal perfusion should be reserved for those patients intractable to other more standard methods of life support, as there is little experience with overdose.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

LETHAL DOSE is not known. No deaths due to Hetrazan(R) diethylcarbamazine citrate have been reported (Prod Info, 1976).

ACUTE

The MINIMUM TOXIC AND LETHAL DOSE are not well established in the literature. Single oral doses of 1 to 1.5 grams are not uncommon. No ill effects were noted in one patient who ingested 3.5 grams within 4 hours. No deaths due to diethylcarbamazine citrate alone in patients without microfilariae infestation have been reported.

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

GENERAL/SUMMARY

Therapeutic dose is about 6 mg/kg/day in three divided doses for 1 to 3 weeks. In a study of almost 300,000 therapeutic administrations of the drug, approximately 29% of the patients experienced adverse reactions (Patel & Paranjpey, 1959).
In another study, a dose of 6 milligrams per kilogram once a week for 12 weeks was given. Spaced doses were more effective than continuous treatment (Eberhard et al, 1989). A large percentage (66%) of treated persons continued to harbor circulating microfilariae (Eberhard et al, 1988).
An oral dose of 6 milligrams per kilogram was given at monthly intervals for one year. This spaced regimen produced 90% negative proportion (Nathan et al, 1987).
Gradually increasing doses of up to 1.1 grams per patient were given to nodulectomized volunteers, followed by 50 milligrams per week for 12 months. Microfilariae were not totally eliminated (Albiez, 1983).

CASE REPORTS

OVERDOSE - One individual took 3.55 grams within 4 hours without ill effects. Single oral doses of 1 to 1.5 grams are not uncommon.

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS1642-54-2 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

References: RTECS, 1990 Harned et al, 1948
- LC50- (INHALATION)RAT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (SUBCUTANEOUS)MOUSE:
- LD50- (INTRAVENOUS)RAT:
- LD50- (ORAL)RAT:
- LD50- (SUBCUTANEOUS)RAT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS1642-54-2 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Not Listed

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS1642-54-2 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS1642-54-2 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Not Listed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS1642-54-2 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS1642-54-2 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS1642-54-2 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: 1-Piperazinecarboxamide, N,N-diethyl-4-methyl-, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate (1:1)

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Not Listed

ICAO International Shipping Name (ICAO, 2002):

Not Listed

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS1642-54-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

No specific HazMat Response recommendations have been proposed for this agent. The data below are for MEDICINES, poisonous, solid, N.O.S. (DOT, 1993).

Refer to "Recommendations for respirator selection" in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards on TOMES Plus(R) for respirator information.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 1642-54-2.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Emergency Response Guidebook. Based on the material's physical and chemical properties, toxicity, or chemical group, a guide has been assigned. For additional technical information, contact one of the emergency response telephone numbers listed under Public Safety Measures.
POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Runoff may pollute waterways.
No specific HazMat Response recommendations have been proposed for this agent. The data below are for MEDICINES, poisonous, solid, N.O.S. (DOT, 1993).
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides (Sax & Lewis, 1989)

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS1642-54-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or regular foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.
Use water spray or fog; do not use straight streams.

TANK OR CAR/TRAILER LOAD FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Do not get water inside containers.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.
For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS1642-54-2 (NFPA, 2002):

Not Listed

No specific fire-fighting recommendations have been proposed for this agent. The data below are for MEDICINES, poisonous, solid, N.O.S. (DOT, 1993).

Choose an extinguishing agent suitable for fires in surrounding material (AAR, 1987).

Water may be used in flooding quantities as fog (AAR, 1987).

COMBUSTION TOXICITY

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides (Sax & Lewis, 1989)

EXPLOSION HAZARD

No specific HazMat Response recommendations have been proposed for this agent. The data below are for MEDICINES, poisonous, solid, N.O.S. (DOT, 1993).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides (Sax & Lewis, 1989)

REACTIVITY HAZARD

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides (Sax & Lewis, 1989)

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 25 to 50 meters (80 to 160 feet) in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Keep out of low areas.

Downwind evacuation should be considered if this material is involved in a fire or if a large discharge has occurred (AAR, 1987).

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS1642-54-2 (AIHA, 2006):

Not Listed

DOE TEEL Values for CAS1642-54-2 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Not Listed

AEGL Values for CAS1642-54-2 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Not Listed

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS1642-54-2 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.
- Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.
- DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 151 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

No information found at the time of this review.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

OTHER

OTHER
- No data available at time of this review

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

No data available at time of this review

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

391.48 (Sax & Lewis, 1989)

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Diethylcarbamazine citrate is a white, crystalline powder that is odorless to slightly odorous (Sax & Lewis, 1987) and is freely soluble in water (greater than 75% at 20 degrees C) and hot alcohol, sparingly soluble in cold alcohol, and practically insoluble in benzene, acetone, ether, and chloroform (Budavari, 1989). Diethylcarbamazine citrate has a melting point of 141 to 143 degrees C (286 to 289 degrees F) (Budavari, 1989; EPA, 1985).

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

MELTING POINT

141 to 143 degrees C (286 to 289 degrees F) (Budavari, 1989; EPA, 1985)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Freely soluble in water (greater than 75% at 20 degrees C) (Budavari, 1989).

IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Sparingly soluble is cold alcohol; freely soluble in hot alcohol (Budavari, 1989).
Practically insoluble in benzene, acetone, ether, and chloroform (Budavari, 1989).

-REFERENCES

GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

40 CFR 372.28: Environmental Protection Agency - Toxic Chemical Release Reporting, Community Right-To-Know, Lower thresholds for chemicals of special concern. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO). Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Apr 3, 2006.

40 CFR 372.65: Environmental Protection Agency - Toxic Chemical Release Reporting, Community Right-To-Know, Chemicals and Chemical Categories to which this part applies. National Archives and Records Association (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Apr 3, 2006.

49 CFR 172.101 - App. B: Department of Transportation - Table of Hazardous Materials, Appendix B: List of Marine Pollutants. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) and the Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, DC. Final rules current as of Aug 29, 2005.

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DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE CITRATE

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Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents

Information to evaluate chemical incidents