CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE
HAZARDTEXT ®
Information to help in the initial response for evaluating chemical incidents
 -IDENTIFICATION
SYNONYMS
CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE CHROMIUM(VI) OXIDE (1:3) ANHYDRIDE CHROMIQUE (French) ANIDRIDE CROMICA (Italian) CHROME (TRIOXYDE DE) (French) CHROMIC ACID CHROMIC ACID MIXTURE CHROMIC ANHYDRIDE CHROMIC TRIOXIDE CHROMIC (VI) ACID CHROMIUM OXIDE CHROMIUM(6+) TRIOXIDE CHROMIUM (VI) OXIDE CHROMSAEUREANHYDRID (German) CHROMTRIOXID (German) CHROOMTRIOXYDE (Dutch) CHROOMZUURANHYDRIDE (Dutch) CROMO(TRIOSSIDO DI) (Italian) MONOCHROMIUM OXIDE MONOCHROMIUM TRIOXIDE PURATRONIC CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE
IDENTIFIERS
USES/FORMS/SOURCES
Chromium trioxide is used as a medication in veterinary medicine, and chromium compounds are used in astringents and antiseptics. It is used industrially in process engraving; metal finishing such as chrome plating, copper stripping, or aluminum anodizing; in photography; in purifying oil and acetylene; in hardening microscopical preparations; and as an oxidant in organic chemistry. It is often a component of ceramic glazes, colored glass, metal cleaning agents, inks, tanning, paints, and textile mordant. It is also a chemical intermediate for chromated copper arsenate wood preservatives, chromium dioxide for magnetic tapes, and other chromium-type chemicals such as pigments (HSDB, 2003).
CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE, also called CHROMIUM(VI) OXIDE (1:3) and CHROMIC (VI) ACID, is a red, rhombic, deliquescent crystalline solid which is soluble in water (Sax, 1984). It is a POWERFUL OXIDIZER with many chemical incompatibilities (Sax, 1984).
Chromium trioxide is commercially produced by the reaction of concentrated sulfuric acid with chromate or dichromate solution. It can also be produced when chromite is fused with soda ash and limestone, which is then treated with sulfuric acid (HSDB, 2003).
-CLINICAL EFFECTS
GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS
- POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
Toxic by ingestion. Inhalation of dust is toxic. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
ACUTE CLINICAL EFFECTS
- At the time of this review, no acute exposure studies were found for chromium trioxide in humans or experimental animals. However, it would be predicted to be a strong irritant or corrosive in acute exposure.
CHRONIC CLINICAL EFFECTS
- Based on the toxicity of chromium compounds in general, chronic exposure to chromium trioxide may cause irritant and allergic dermatitis and deep, slow-healing skin ulcers, as well as an ulcerated or perforated nasal septum. Chronic inhalation exposure may cause bronchospasm (asthma) or emphysema.
-MEDICAL TREATMENT
LIFE SUPPORT
- Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.
SUMMARY
- FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. Contaminated clothing may be a fire risk when dry. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. Keep victim warm and quiet. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.
-RANGE OF TOXICITY
MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE
- Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS1333-82-0 :
ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): 1 ; Listed as: Chromium trioxide 1 : The agent (mixture) is carcinogenic to humans. The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are carcinogenic to humans. This category is used when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Exceptionally, an agent (mixture) may be placed in this category when evidence of carcinogenicity in humans is less than sufficient but there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence in exposed humans that the agent (mixture) acts through a relevant mechanism of carcinogenicity.
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Ca ; Listed as: Chromic acid and chromates MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed
TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES
- EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):
-STANDARDS AND LABELS
WORKPLACE STANDARDS
- ACGIH TLV Values for CAS1333-82-0 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):
- AIHA WEEL Values for CAS1333-82-0 (AIHA, 2006):
- NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS1333-82-0 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):
- OSHA PEL Values for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):
- OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):
ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS
- EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):
- EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):
- EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):
- EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):
- EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS1333-82-0 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):
- DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS1333-82-0 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):
- EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS1333-82-0 (EPA, 2005):
SHIPPING REGULATIONS
- DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1463 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):
- ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1463 (ICAO, 2002):
LABELS
- NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS1333-82-0 (NFPA, 2002):
-PERSONAL PROTECTION
SUMMARY
- RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
- CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 1333-82-0.
-PHYSICAL HAZARDS
FIRE HAZARD
- FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION
- NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS1333-82-0 (NFPA, 2002):
- FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS
- SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
- LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
Flood fire area with water from a distance. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Do not move cargo or vehicle if cargo has been exposed to heat. Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.
- NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS1333-82-0 (NFPA, 2002):
EVACUATION PROCEDURES
- Editor's Note: This material is not listed in the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances.
- LARGE SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
- FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions.
- PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004)
CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number: MEXICO: SETIQ: 01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic; For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588; For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.
CENACOM: 01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic; For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885; For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.
ARGENTINA: CIQUIME: 0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina; For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.
BRAZIL: PRÓ-QUÍMICA: 0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil); For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).
COLUMBIA: CISPROQUIM: 01-800-091-6012 in Colombia; For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012; For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.
CANADA: UNITED STATES:
For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.
- AIHA ERPG Values for CAS1333-82-0 (AIHA, 2006):
- DOE TEEL Values for CAS1333-82-0 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):
Listed as Chromic trioxide (Chromium(VI) oxide (1:3)) TEEL-0 (units = mg/m3): 0.00962 TEEL-1 (units = mg/m3): 0.00962 TEEL-2 (units = mg/m3): 0.01 TEEL-3 (units = mg/m3): 28.8 Definitions: TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects. TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure. TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape. TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.
- AEGL Values for CAS1333-82-0 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 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62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):
- NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS1333-82-0 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):
CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS
SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004) Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 141 (ERG, 2004) Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.
-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
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