CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE

Chlorotrifluoroethylene is used as a monomer for chlorotrifluoroethylene resins and as an chemical intermediate (Lewis, 1997).
High performance lubricants, plastics and elastomers are synthesized using chlorotrifluoroethylene (HSDB, 2001).
High yields of bromotrifluoroethylene are prepared via bromination of chlorotrifluoroethylene (HSDB, 2001).

SOURCES

Chlorotrifluoroethylene is derived from trichlorotrifluoroethane and zinc. The technical grade is 99.0% pure (Lewis, 1997).
Another method of production involves dechlorination of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane gas on an aluminum fluoride-nickel phosphate catalyst (HSDB, 2001).

-CLINICAL EFFECTS

GENERAL CLINICAL EFFECTS

Chlorotrifluoroethylene is a poison by ingestion and is moderately toxic when inhaled. Inhalation produces dizziness, nausea and vomiting acutely; longer exposure (hours) may injure the liver and kidneys, resulting in jaundice and kidney necrosis. Chlorotrifluoroethylene can act as an asphyxiant through the displacement of oxygen from air.

Dermal or eye contact with the liquid may cause frostbite. Extended contact with the polymer can result in skin sensitization.

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through skin.
Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite.
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.
Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

-MEDICAL TREATMENT

LIFE SUPPORT

Support respiratory and cardiovascular function.

SUMMARY

FIRST AID - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

Move victim to fresh air.
Call 911 or emergency medical service.
Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.
Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.
Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.
In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.
In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water.
In case of burns, immediately cool affected skin for as long as possible with cold water. Do not remove clothing if adhering to skin.
Keep victim warm and quiet.
Keep victim under observation.
Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed.
Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves.

FIRST AID

INHALATION EXPOSURE -

INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation, bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm with an inhaled beta2-adrenergic agonist. Consider systemic corticosteroids in patients with significant bronchospasm.

DERMAL EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and jewelry and place them in plastic bags. Wash exposed areas with soap and water for 10 to 15 minutes with gentle sponging to avoid skin breakdown. A physician may need to examine the area if irritation or pain persists (Burgess et al, 1999).
If frostbite has occurred, DO NOT rub the affected areas, DO NOT flush affected areas with water, or attempt to remove clothing.

EYE EXPOSURE -

DECONTAMINATION: Remove contact lenses and irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature 0.9% saline or water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist after 15 minutes of irrigation, the patient should be seen in a healthcare facility.
If frostbite of the eyes has occurred, DO NOT flush with water; early ophthalmologic consultation should be obtained.

ORAL EXPOSURE -

Ir oral exposure has caused frostbite injury to the upper gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, administer oxygen and maintain airway as clinically indicated.
Observe patients with ingestion carefully for the possible development of esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation or burns. If signs or symptoms of esophageal irritation or burns are present, consider endoscopy to determine the extent of injury.

-RANGE OF TOXICITY

MINIMUM LETHAL EXPOSURE

ADULT

The minimum lethal human dose to this agent has not been delineated.
Although no minimum lethal dose is found in current literature, it is reported that chlorotrifluoroethylene may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through the skin (HSDB, 2001).

MAXIMUM TOLERATED EXPOSURE

ADULT

The maximum tolerated human exposure to this agent has not been delineated.

Carcinogenicity Ratings for CAS79-38-9 :

ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010): Not Listed
EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011): Not Listed
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 2016; International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2015; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2010a; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2008; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2007; IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, 2006; IARC, 2004): Not Listed
NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007): Not Listed
MAK (DFG, 2002): Not Listed
NTP (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Project ): Not Listed

TOXICITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT VALUES

EPA IRIS

EPA Risk Assessment Values for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2011):

Not Listed

TOXICITY VALUES

References: (RTECS, 2001)
- LC50- (INHALATION)GUINEA_PIG:
- LC50- (INHALATION)MOUSE:
- LC50- (INHALATION)RAT:
- LD50- (INTRAPERITONEAL)MOUSE:
- LD50- (ORAL)MOUSE:
- TCLo- (INHALATION)GUINEA_PIG:
- TCLo- (INHALATION)RABBIT:

-STANDARDS AND LABELS

WORKPLACE STANDARDS

ACGIH TLV Values for CAS79-38-9 (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 2010):

Not Listed

AIHA WEEL Values for CAS79-38-9 (AIHA, 2006):

Listed as Chlorotrifluoroethylene
5 ppm
Ceiling or Short-term TWA:
Skin Notation: No
Dermal Sensitizer: No
Candidate WEEL: No
WEEL Under Review: No

NIOSH REL and IDLH Values for CAS79-38-9 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

OSHA PEL Values for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Occupational Safety, and Health Administration (OSHA), 2010):

Not Listed

OSHA List of Highly Hazardous Chemicals, Toxics, and Reactives for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 2010):

Threshold Quantity, in pounds:10,000

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA CERCLA, Hazardous Substances and Reportable Quantities, Radionuclides for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste Number for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010b):

Not Listed
Editor's Note: The D, F, and K series waste numbers and Appendix VIII to Part 261 -- Hazardous Constituents were not included. Please refer to 40 CFR Part 261.

EPA SARA Title III, Extremely Hazardous Substance List for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2010):

Not Listed

EPA SARA Title III, Community Right-to-Know for CAS79-38-9 (40 CFR 372.65, 2006; 40 CFR 372.28, 2006):

Not Listed

DOT List of Marine Pollutants for CAS79-38-9 (49 CFR 172.101 - App. B, 2005):

Not Listed

EPA TSCA Inventory for CAS79-38-9 (EPA, 2005):

Listed as: Ethene, chlorotrifluoro-

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

SURFACE

DOT -- Table of Hazardous Materials and Special Provisions for UN/NA Number 1082 (49 CFR 172.101, 2005):

Hazardous materials descriptions and proper shipping name: Trifluorochloroethylene, stabilized

Symbol(s): Not Listed
Hazard class or Division: 2.3

2.3: Poisonous gas. See 49 CFR section 173.115 for definitions.

Identification Number: UN1082
Packing Group: Not Listed
Label(s) required (if not excepted): 2.3, 2.1

2.3: Poison Gas.
2.1: Flammable Gas.

Special Provisions: 3, B14, T50

3: This material is poisonous by inhalation (see sxn. 171.8 of this subchapter) in Hazard Zone C (see sxn. 173.116(a) of this subchapter), and must be described as an inhalation hazard under the provisions of this subchapter.
B14: Each bulk packaging, except a tank car or a multi-unit-tank car tank, must be insulated with an insulating material so that the overall thermal conductance at 15.5 °C (60 °F) is no more than 1.5333 kilojoules per hour per square meter per degree Celsius (0.075 Btu per hour per square foot per degree Fahrenheit) temperature differential. Insulating materials must not promote corrosion to steel when wet.
T50: Applicable liquefied compressed gases are authorized to be transported in portable tanks in accordance with the requirements of sxn. 173.313 of this subchapter.

Packaging Authorizations (refer to 49 CFR 173.***):

Exceptions: None
Non-bulk packaging: 304
Bulk packaging: 314, 315

Quantity Limitations:

Passenger aircraft or railcar: Forbidden
Cargo aircraft only: Forbidden

Vessel Stowage Requirements:

Vessel stowage location: D

D: The material must be stowed "on deck only" on a cargo vessel and on a passenger vessel carrying a number of passengers limited to not more than the larger of 25 passengers or one passenger per each 3 m of overall vessel length, but the material is prohibited on passenger vessels in which the limiting number of passengers is exceeded.

Vessel stowage other: 40

40: Stow "clear of living quarters".

ICAO International Shipping Name for UN1082 (ICAO, 2002):

Proper Shipping Name: Trifluorochloroethylene, stabilized
UN Number: 1082

LABELS

NFPA

NFPA Hazard Ratings for CAS79-38-9 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Trifluorochloroethylene
Hazard Ratings:

Health Rating (Blue): 3

(3) Seriously toxic material. Short term exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical treatment is given. Includes known or suspect small animal carcinogens, mutagens, or teratogens.

Flammability Rating (Red): 4

(4) Extremely flammable. Materials which will rapidly vaporize at normal pressure and temperature and will burn readily. Including: gases, cryogenic materials, any liquid or gaseous material having a flash point below 73 degrees F and a boiling point below 100 degrees F, and materials which can form explosive mixtures with air.

Instability Rating (Yellow): 3

(3) Materials which in themselves are capable of detonation but which require a strong initiating source, or which must be heated first. This rating includes materials which are shock sensitive at elevated temperatures, and which react explosively with water without requiring heat.

Oxidizer/Water-Reactive Designation: Not Listed

-HANDLING AND STORAGE

HANDLING

Broken packages should not be handled unless appropriate personal protective equipment is worn. Any contact with liquid chlorotrifluoroethylene can cause frostbite (AAR, 2000; HSDB, 2001).

Damaged containers of chlorotrifluoroethylene should only be handled by specialists (HSDB, 2001).

When handling chlorotrifluoroethylene, all equipment used must be grounded (HSDB, 2001).

STORAGE

ROOM/CABINET RECOMMENDATIONS

Chlorotrifluoroethylene should be stored ambient temperatures, but at less than 150 degrees F (CHRIS, 2001).
Any closed space that used to store chlorotrifluoroethylene should be ventilated before anyone is allowed to enter (HSDB, 2001).

INCOMPATIBILITIES

Chlorotrifluoroethylene will react violently if mixed with bromine and oxygen or chlorine trifluoride and water (Lewis, 2000).
Chlorotrifluoroethylene and chlorine perchlorate were pre-mixed at -196 degrees C, warmed to -78 degrees C, and then exposed to ambient temperatures. The mixture exploded (Urben, 1999).
Chlorotrifluoroethylene is incompatible with 1,1-dichloroethylene and oxygen. When mixed with ethylene, there is the potential for an explosive polymerization reaction (Lewis, 2000).

-PERSONAL PROTECTION

SUMMARY

RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.

Chlorotrifluoroethylene may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus should be worn (HSDB, 2001).

EYE/FACE PROTECTION

Goggles and self-contained breathing apparatus should be worn (CHRIS, 2001).

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Avoid breathing vapors (AAR, 2000).

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

CHEMICAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING. Search results for CAS 79-38-9.

Specific recommendations and test data for this chemical were not found in the available manufacturers' product literature. A complete list of consulted manufacturers and references is presented below.

-PHYSICAL HAZARDS

FIRE HAZARD

SUMMARY

POTENTIAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)
- Flammable; may be ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
- May form explosive mixtures with air.
- Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire.
- Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.
- Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back.
- Some of these materials may react violently with water.
- Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release toxic and flammable gas through pressure relief devices.
- Containers may explode when heated.
- Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
- Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.
When exposed to heat, flames, sparks, or oxidizers, chlorotrifluoroethylene poses a very dangerous fire hazard (Lewis, 2000).

FLAMMABILITY CLASSIFICATION

NFPA Flammability Rating for CAS79-38-9 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Trifluorochloroethylene
Flammability Rating: 4

(4) Extremely flammable. Materials which will rapidly vaporize at normal pressure and temperature and will burn readily. Including: gases, cryogenic materials, any liquid or gaseous material having a flash point below 73 degrees F and a boiling point below 100 degrees F, and materials which can form explosive mixtures with air.

INITIATING OR CONTRIBUTING PROPERTIES

Chlorotrifluoroethylene is a gas with a flash point of -18 degrees F (-28 degrees C) (Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

FIRE CONTROL/EXTINGUISHING AGENTS

FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.

SMALL FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

Dry chemical, CO2, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam.

LARGE FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

Water spray, fog or alcohol-resistant foam.
FOR CHLOROSILANES, DO NOT USE WATER; use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium expansion foam.
Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.
Damaged cylinders should be handled only by specialists.

TANK FIRE PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.
Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.
Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.
Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.
ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire.

NFPA Extinguishing Methods for CAS79-38-9 (NFPA, 2002):

Listed as: Trifluorochloroethylene
Extinguishing Method(s): 6

6: Flammable gas fires are only safe to extinguish once the gas flow has been turned off. Attempting to fight a gas fire without turning off the gas can cause formation of an explosive gas cloud.

Stop the flow of gas to fight fire (Lewis, 2000). Fire should not be extinguished unless flow of material can be stopped (AAR, 2000).

Water in flooding quantities should be used as fog. Vapors may be knocked down with water spray (AAR, 2000).

Caution should be used when approaching fires. Water should be applied from as great a distance as possible (AAR, 2000). Unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles should be used (HSDB, 2001).

For small fires, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or alcohol-resistant foam can be used. For larger fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam (HSDB, 2001).

Water should not be directed as the source of the leak or at safety devices, as icing may occur (HSDB, 2001).

EXPLOSION HAZARD

Containers of chlorotrifluoroethylene may violently rupture and rocket if they are placed under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat. Chlorotrifluoroethylene may also polymerize, causing the possible rupture of the container (AAR, 2000).

Containers of chlorotrifluoroethylene may explode when heated. A fire or explosion hazard may be created by runoff (HSDB, 2001).

Chlorotrifluoroethylene forms explosive mixture with air. Contact with ethylene may cause explosive polymerization (Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

DUST/VAPOR HAZARD

Chlorotrifluoroethylene vapors are heavier than air. Flames can very easily flash back to the source of a liquid or vapor leak (AAR, 2000).

Chlorotrifluoroethylene vapors can displace air and cause asphyxiation (AAR, 2000).

Irritating, corrosive, and/or toxic gases are produced during fires (HSDB, 2001).

Chlorotrifluoroethylene will emit toxic fumes of fluoride and chloride when it is heated to decomposition (Lewis, 2000).

REACTIVITY HAZARD

CAUTION: This material may polymerize violently under high temperature conditions or upon contamination with other products. Polymerization will produce heat and high pressure buildup in containers which may lead to an explosion or container rupture (ERG, 2004).

Chlorotrifluoroethylene will react violently with oxidizers. An explosive polymerization reaction may occur upon contact with ethylene (Pohanish & Greene, 1997).

Terpenes and 1% tributylamine will inhibit polymerization (CHRIS, 2001).

EVACUATION PROCEDURES

SUMMARY

Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances (ERG, 2004)

Data presented from the Emergency Response Guidebook Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances are for use when a spill has occurred and there is no fire. If there is a fire, or if a fire is involved, evacuation information presented under FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES should be used.
Generally, a small spill is one that involves a single, small package such as a drum containing up to approximately 200 liters, a small cylinder, or a small leak from a large package. A large spill is one that involves a spill from a large package, or multiple spills from many small packages.
Suggested distances to protect from vapors of toxic-by-inhalation and/or water-reactive materials during the first 30 minutes following the spill.

DOT ID No. 1082 - Trifluorochloroethylene

SMALL SPILLS

First isolate in all directions: 30 meters (100 feet).
Note wind direction.
Then protect persons downwind:

during the DAY for: 0.1 kilometers (0.1 miles); or
during the NIGHT for: 0.1 kilometers (0.1 miles).

LARGE SPILLS

First isolate in all directions: 60 meters (200 feet).
Note wind direction.
Then protect persons downwind:

during the DAY for: 0.4 kilometers (0.3 miles); or
during the NIGHT for: 0.8 kilometers (0.5 miles).

DOT ID No. 1082 - Trifluorochloroethylene, inhibited

SMALL SPILLS

First isolate in all directions: 30 meters (100 feet).
Note wind direction.
Then protect persons downwind:

during the DAY for: 0.1 kilometers (0.1 miles); or
during the NIGHT for: 0.1 kilometers (0.1 miles).

LARGE SPILLS

First isolate in all directions: 60 meters (200 feet).
Note wind direction.
Then protect persons downwind:

during the DAY for: 0.4 kilometers (0.3 miles); or
during the NIGHT for: 0.8 kilometers (0.5 miles).

DOT ID No. 1082 - Trifluorochloroethylene, stabilized

SMALL SPILLS

First isolate in all directions: 30 meters (100 feet).
Note wind direction.
Then protect persons downwind:

during the DAY for: 0.1 kilometers (0.1 miles); or
during the NIGHT for: 0.1 kilometers (0.1 miles).

LARGE SPILLS

First isolate in all directions: 60 meters (200 feet).
Note wind direction.
Then protect persons downwind:

during the DAY for: 0.4 kilometers (0.3 miles); or
during the NIGHT for: 0.8 kilometers (0.5 miles).

SPILL - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance of at least 100 to 200 meters (330 to 660 feet) in all directions.

FIRE - PUBLIC SAFETY EVACUATION DISTANCES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions.

PUBLIC SAFETY MEASURES - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)

CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number:

MEXICO:

SETIQ:

01-800-00-214-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5559-1588;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-559-1588.

CENACOM:

01-800-00-413-00 in the Mexican Republic;
For calls originating in Mexico City and the Metropolitan Area: 5550-1496, 5550-1552, 5550-1485, or 5550-4885;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-52-555-550-1496, or 011-52-555-550-1552; 011-52-555-550-1485, or 011-52-555-550-4885.

ARGENTINA:

CIQUIME:

0-800-222-2933 in the Republic of Argentina;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +54-11-4613-1100.

BRAZIL:

PRÓ-QUÍMICA:

0-800-118270 (Toll-free in Brazil);
For calls originating elsewhere, call: +55-11-232-1144 (Collect calls are accepted).

COLUMBIA:

CISPROQUIM:

01-800-091-6012 in Colombia;
For calls originating in Bogotá, Colombia, call: 288-6012;
For calls originating elsewhere, call: 011-57-1-288-6012.

CANADA:

CANUTEC:

613-996-6666 (Collect calls are accepted);
*666 cellular (in Canada only).

UNITED STATES:

CHEMTREC®:

1-800-424-9300 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
703-527-3887 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

CHEM-TEL, INC.:

1-800-255-3924 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
813-248-0585 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

INFOTRAC:

1-800-535-5053 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
352-323-3500 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

3E COMPANY:

1-800-451-8346 (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
760-602-8703 for calls originating elsewhere (Collect calls are accepted).

NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER (NRC):

1-800-424-8802 - (24 hours) (Toll-free in the U.S., Canada, and the U.S. Virgin Islands);
202-267-2675 for calls in the District of Columbia.

MILITARY SHIPMENTS:

703-697-0218 - Explosives/ammunition incidents (Collect calls are accepted);
1-800-851-8061 - All other dangerous goods incidents.

NATIONWIDE POISON CONTROL CENTER (United States only):

1-800-222-1222 (Toll-free in the U.S.).

For additional details see the section entitled "WHO TO CALL FOR ASSISTANCE" under the ERG Instructions.
As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions.
Keep unauthorized personnel away.
Stay upwind.
Many gases are heavier than air and will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks).
Keep out of low areas.
Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

AIHA ERPG Values for CAS79-38-9 (AIHA, 2006):

Listed as 2-Chloro-1,1,2-Trifluoroethylene (Chlorotrifluoroethylene)
ERPG-1 (units = ppm): 20
ERPG-2 (units = ppm): 100
ERPG-3 (units = ppm): 300
Under Ballot, Review, or Consideration: No
Definitions:

ERPG-1: The ERPG-1 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing more than mild, transient adverse health effects or perceiving a clearly defined objectionable odor.
ERPG-2: The ERPG-2 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or symptoms that could impair an individual's ability to take protective action.
ERPG-3: The ERPG-3 is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is believed nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to one hour without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.

DOE TEEL Values for CAS79-38-9 (U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Emergency Management, 2010):

Listed as Chlorotrifluoroethylene
TEEL-0 (units = ppm): 5
TEEL-1 (units = ppm): 16
TEEL-2 (units = ppm): 89
TEEL-3 (units = ppm): 420
Definitions:

TEEL-0: The threshold concentration below which most people will experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per million] or mg/m(3) [milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.
TEEL-3: The airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m(3)) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening adverse health effects or death.

AEGL Values for CAS79-38-9 (National Research Council, 2010; National Research Council, 2009; National Research Council, 2008; National Research Council, 2007; NRC, 2001; NRC, 2002; NRC, 2003; NRC, 2004; NRC, 2004; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2009; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2008; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2007; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2005; National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, 2006; 62 FR 58840, 1997; 65 FR 14186, 2000; 65 FR 39264, 2000; 65 FR 77866, 2000; 66 FR 21940, 2001; 67 FR 7164, 2002; 68 FR 42710, 2003; 69 FR 54144, 2004):

Listed as: Chlorotrifluoroethylene
Proposed Value:

AEGL-1

10 min exposure:

ppm: 29 ppm
mg/m3: 138 mg/m(3)

30 min exposure:

ppm: 20 ppm
mg/m3: 95 mg/m(3)

1 hr exposure:

ppm: 16 ppm
mg/m3: 76 mg/m(3)

4 hr exposure:

ppm: 10 ppm
mg/m3: 48 mg/m(3)

8 hr exposure:

ppm: 10 ppm
mg/m3: 48 mg/m(3)

Definitions:

AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling, are transient, and are reversible upon cessation of exposure.

Listed as: Chlorotrifluoroethylene
Proposed Value:

AEGL-2

10 min exposure:

ppm: 160 ppm
mg/m3: 760 mg/m(3)

30 min exposure:

ppm: 110 ppm
mg/m3: 523 mg/m(3)

1 hr exposure:

ppm: 86 ppm
mg/m3: 409 mg/m(3)

4 hr exposure:

ppm: 54 ppm
mg/m3: 266 mg/m(3)

8 hr exposure:

ppm: 54 ppm
mg/m3: 266 mg/m(3)

Definitions:

AEGL-2 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other serious, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape.

Listed as: Chlorotrifluoroethylene
Proposed Value:

AEGL-3

10 min exposure:

ppm: 1500 ppm
mg/m3: 7100 mg/m(3)

30 min exposure:

ppm: 690 ppm
mg/m3: 3300 mg/m(3)

1 hr exposure:

ppm: 420 ppm
mg/m3: 2000 mg/m(3)

4 hr exposure:

ppm: 150 ppm
mg/m3: 710 mg/m(3)

8 hr exposure:

ppm: 91 ppm
mg/m3: 430 mg/m(3)

Definitions:

AEGL-3 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening health effects or death.

NIOSH IDLH Values for CAS79-38-9 (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 2007):

Not Listed

CONTAINMENT/WASTE TREATMENT OPTIONS

SUMMARY

SPILL OR LEAK PRECAUTIONS - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)
- ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).
- All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.
- Fully encapsulating, vapor protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire.
- Do not touch or walk through spilled material.
- Stop leak if you can do it without risk.
- Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.
- Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material.
- FOR CHLOROSILANES, use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium expansion foam to reduce vapors.
- If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.
- Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.
- Isolate area until gas has dispersed.
RECOMMENDED PROTECTIVE CLOTHING - EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK, GUIDE 119 (ERG, 2004)
- Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
- Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection.
- Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.
All sources of ignition should be eliminated if there is a leak (HSDB, 2001).

-ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT

POLLUTION HAZARD

Due to chlorotrifluoroethylene's production and use as a plastic film for food packaging and as a chemical intermediate, it may be released to the environment through various waste streams (HSDB, 2001).

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND KINETICS

In the atmosphere, chlorotrifluoroethylene will exist in the vapor phase, where it will degrade by reacting with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals (HSDB, 2001).

WATER

SURFACE WATER
- It is expected that chlorotrifluoroethylene would volatilize quickly from water surfaces, however it may decompose before volatilization is possible (HSDB, 2001).
- It is not expected that chlorotrifluoroethylene will adsorb to particulate matter in water (HSDB, 2001).

SOIL

TERRESTRIAL
- Based upon estimates of Koc and Kow, it is assumed that chlorotrifluoroethylene would be moderately mobile in soil. While it is possible that chlorotrifluoroethylene will leach into the water, it is expected that it will decompose in water (HSDB, 2001).
- It is not expected that chlorotrifluoroethylene will adsorb to soil (HSDB, 2001).

OTHER

OTHER
- In landfill leachate the measured half life of chlorotrifluoroethylene was approximately 42 days (HSDB, 2001).
- In a sulfide-containing buffer, chlorotrifluoroethylene will degrade in less than a day (HSDB, 2001).
- In a model river the volatilization half-life was calculated to be three hours; in a model lake it was calculated at four days (HSDB, 2001).
- It is expected that the half-life of chlorotrifluoroethylene in the atmosphere will be 2.2 to 2.3 days (HSDB, 2001).
- The reaction of chlorotrifluoroethylene with atomic oxygen has a rate constant of 2.7 x 10(-11) cm (2)/mol-sec (HSDB, 2001).

BIOACCUMULATION

BIOCONCENTRATION FACTOR

Chlorotrifluoroethylene has a calculated bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 11. This is based on an estimated log Kow of 1.65. Based on this BCF, chlorotrifluoroethylene will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms (HSDB, 2001).

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY

No information found at the time of this review.

-PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MOLECULAR WEIGHT

116.47

DESCRIPTION/PHYSICAL STATE

Chlorotrifluoroethylene is a colorless gas (HSDB, 2001).

VAPOR PRESSURE

4.592 x 10(3) mmHg (at 25 degrees C) (calculated) (HSDB, 2001)

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

TEMPERATURE AND/OR PRESSURE NOT LISTED

1.305 (liquid) (at 20 degrees C) (Lewis, 1997)
1.305 (ILO , 1998)
1.31 (at 5.7 atm) (NFPA, 1997)

DENSITY

VAPOR DENSITY

4.02 (CHRIS, 2001; (NFPA, 1997)

FREEZING/MELTING POINT

FREEZING POINT

-157.5 degrees C (Lewis, 1997; Lewis, 2000)

MELTING POINT

-158.2 degrees C (HSDB, 2001)
-157.5 degrees C (ILO , 1998; Lewis, 2000)

BOILING POINT

-27.9 degrees C (HSDB, 2001; (ILO , 1998; Lewis, 1997)

-26.2 degrees C (Lewis, 2000)

FLASH POINT

-18 degrees F (-28 degrees C) (HSDB, 2001; (Lewis, 2000; Pohanish & Greene, 1997)

EXPLOSIVE LIMITS

LOWER

8.4% (by volume) (HSDB, 2001; (ILO , 1998; NFPA, 1997)
24% (Lewis, 2000)

UPPER

38.7% (by volume) (HSDB, 2001; (ILO , 1998)
40.3% (Lewis, 2000)
16.0% (NFPA, 1997)

SOLUBILITY

IN WATER

Chlorotrifluoroethylene decomposes in water (HSDB, 2001; (Lewis, 1997).

OTHER

Chlorotrifluoroethylene is soluble in benzene and chloroform (HSDB, 2001).

HENRY'S CONSTANT

0.31 atm-cu/mole (estimated) (HSDB, 2001)

SPECTRAL CONSTANTS

6839 (Sadtler Research Laboratories IR Grating Collection) (HSDB, 2001)

OTHER/PHYSICAL

ORGANIC CARBON PARTITION COEFFICIENT

Koc = 190 (HSDB, 2001)

SURFACE TENSION

12 dynes/cm; 0.012 N/M (at 20 degrees C) (estimated) (CHRIS, 2001)

CRITICAL PRESSURE

592 psia; 40.2 atm; 4.08 MN/m(2) (estimated) (CHRIS, 2001)

CRITICAL TEMPERATURE

223.2 degrees F; 106.2 degrees C; 379.4 K (estimated) (CHRIS, 2001)

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